ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05 SPL-Fréjus Some performances Fréjus site French Photodetector R&D J.E Campagne...

ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05

SPL-Fréjus

•Some performances•Fréjus site•French Photodetector R&D

J.E Campagne

See also talk at Acc. WG

Thanks: A. Cazes, M. Mezzetto, L. Mosca, Th. Schwetzand IPNO & LAL engeeners.

ISS CERN 05 J.E Campagne LAL 2

Some ingredients for physics analysis

• 440kT Water Č located 130km from CERN (see site later)

• Essentially SK analysis with tighter cuts for e/ id (cf. hep-ph/0105297)

• Use energy resolution dominated by Fermi motion* (200MeV bins)

• 2% systematics on signal & bkgd (see effect later)

• Optimized machine versions: B (M. Mezzetto) and SB (A.C + J.E.C)

• Use Atmospheric Neutrinos (Th. Schwetz)

• GLoBES & NUANCE

*: migration matrix for B


Particle Id (from M. Mezzetto)


Fluxes comparison @ 130km

<E> ~ 275 MeV, 4.5 1011/m2/yrOld Fact optimum

<E> ~ 300 MeV, 1.2 1012/m2/yr

3.5GeV SPL optimum

~95 CC/kT/yr*

*: Lipari x-sect. (see later)Reflector: 50% of the Flux


B and SB fluxes


Analysis: GLoBES + M. Mezzetto’s parameterization file

e (Sig)

13 = 1° 13 = 3° sin2213= 0.05

33 (/2)

330(/2)

2200 (/2)

3670 ()

e (Bkg)

1500

e e CC 0 from NC

CC

( missId)

e e CC

Frac. of Bkg 90% 6% 3% 1%

Reduction Factor

0.707(1060)

6.5 10-

4(90)5.4 10-4(45) 0.677(15)

(Sig)64950

(/2)64414 ()

(Bkg) 3 (4.310-5 CC)

440kT x 5yrs: 2,2 Mt.yrs (+)

sin2212=0.82, 23=/4, m221=8.1 10-5eV2, m2

31=2.2 10-

3eV2Reduction factor and efficiencies taken from SK simulation (D. Casper) and a

tight cut for e/ misId. (cf. hep-ph/0105297)


Kaon/pion production?

Preliminary (15/9/05)

FLUKA 2005.6

FLUKA 2002.4

HARP?

+12.5% @3.5GeV

Big difference [3.5 ÷ 4.5]

GeV


The X-sections

B is an ideal tool to measure these cross-sections and a 2% systematic error on both signal and background are used.

---: Lipari et al.PRL74(95)4384

on H20

SPL

Require close position


Comparison with other facilities

M.M@NuFact05

Systematics…


SPL

2yrs (+)8yrs (-)

Effect of the systematic (sig. & bkg)

True values: (, sin2213)

sin2212=0.82, sin223=0,4

m221=7.9 10-5eV2, m2

31=2.4 10-3eV2

5% external precision on 12 & m221

use SPL disappearance channel and spectrum analysis

Much more dramatic than ambiguities at small 13


Remove ambiguities with ATM

Th. S

Contour after ATM combination: true value

Favorable case sin223=0.6

10yrs


Fréjus site possibility

HK

Henderson

New Fréjus

L.M


New Fréjus Cavern (MEMPHYS)

Fréjus*

CERN

130km130km

*: Modane

Based on well experienced civil engineer studies.

First cost and time estimate will come soon for a dedicated operation.

Beyond that a Design Study is needed

65m

60m

4800mwe

L.Mosca

5x200,000m3 H20


PMT size <=> costPhotonis @ NNN05

Diameter 20“ <=> (20“)17“ <=> 12“ projected area 1660 1450 615 cm²QE(typ) 20 20 24 %CE 60 60 70 %

Cost 2500 2500 800 €

Cost/cm² per useful PEU= cost/(cm²xQExCE)

12.6 14.4 7.7 €/PEU/cm²


Quantities and total cost

20“ 200,000 x € 2500 = 500M

12“ 540,000 x €800 = 432M

Comment: one should integrate the electronic + HV price

Photonis @ NNN05


Photodetector R&D in France

• R&D launched after NNN05 but based on on-going R&D with Photonis

• IPN-Orsay, LAL & Photonis together in an official GIS to develop Smart-Photodetectors (ie electronic up to ADC/TDC included): 6 engineers + 2 post-docs + Photonis engineers

• 200k€/3yrs has been asked at the new National Research Agency (ANR)

Photonis @ NNN05: 500,000 PMT -12”- 800€/u


New pump capacity needed?

Delivery over 6 years

300 working days/year1. 20“ tube

50,000/6/300 => 28 good tubes x yield 0.7 = 40 starts/day

(1 start/pump/day) => 40 pumps ( € 7M or so)

1. 12“ tube

135,000/6/300 => 75 good tubes x yield 0.7 = 110 starts/day.

A multi-array computerised pump at Photonis handles 20 starts/day

=> 6 pumps ( € 2M or so)

Comment: x4 the PMT numbers

Photonis @ NNN05


+ Sub-conclusions

12“ seems much better than 20“/17“

• cost per useful photoelectron & total PMT cost

• Timing• single-electron resolution (17“ equal)• granularity • weight and handling• implosion risk• investments and start-up

Photonis @ NNN05


Photonis has all the technical capability needed!

R&D cooperation: detailed & intensive talks are going on with the MEMPHYS collaboration to define a balanced programme

Workshop planned in the spring

Photonis @ NNN05


Electronics

• Trigger @ ¼ p.e (3kHz from SK)• TDC: 12bits 0,4ns/c • ADC: 12bits 0,15pC/c with 1 p.e @ 20-30 adc

channels.• High speed digital readout• Cost reduction thanks to high level of

integration• Use AMS 0,35m BiCMOS ASIC

Taken in charge by LAL: from amplifier up to ADC/TDC based on past experience with similar state of the art front-end electronics developed for OPERA, W-Si ILC prototype, LHCb…

Ampli.

Slow shaper

Fast shaper

S&H

TDC

ADC

Trigger

Trigger

PMTDigital

Info


Mechanics & PMT tests

Basic unit that we want to build and test under water

Electronic box water tight

IPNO

Taken in charge by IPNO: well experienced in photodetectors (last operation: Auger). With PHOTONIS tests of PMT 8”, 9” 12” and Hybrid-PMT and HPD


Some PMT characteristics measurements

1pe spectrum

IPNO 14/9/05

XP1806 8”Not the best

Not the worse

No diff. 5”,8”,10” so 12” should be identical

2kV/G=107

g=25 before ADC

P/V~3


Summary

The MEMPHYS Mt-scale Water Cerencov detector has a quite good accelerator neutrino program (not exposed here the Pdk and SN )

The R&D on photodetector is started in France and will come in 2006 with first version of “SmartDetector”

The Civil engineer pre-study for new Fréjus Lab. has been performed and seems encouraging (first costing will come soon)

Thank you

ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05

END


Other expected performances

2yrs (+)

8yrs (-)

3 0m231 & sin223 measurements

5yrs (+)

Cannot resolve the octant alone

First results of a feasibility study for a Megaton-scale (Memphys) Laboratory at Fréjus

-> the best site (rock quality) is found in the middle of the mountain

at a depth of 4800 mwe : a really good chance !a really good chance !

-> of the two considered shapes : “tunnel” and “shaft”,

the “shaft (= well) shape” is strongly preferred

-> with vertical cylinder shafts, a possible scenario is :

5 shafts of 240 000 m3 each = 1 200 000 m3

( = 65m, h = 80m)

-> with “egg shape” or “intermediate shape” shafts, this

scenario could be still improved (only 4 shafts needed)

-> an estimate of the time needed for the excavation

and of the cost is under way

L.Mosca


Use of the Atmospheric Data

Th. S


Some physics performances

Use glbChiDelta and 2 (1dof)=9

True values (CP,

Tests CP=0 and CP=

sin2212=0.82, 23=/4,

m221=8.1 10-5, m2

31=2.2 10-3

5% external precision on 12 and m2

21

use SPL disappearance channel2% syst on signal & bkg

CP discovery @ 3

2yrs (+)8yrs (-)

preliminary

Old Opti.

New Opti.

Octant and mass hierarchy degeneracy have little impact on the contour.


Some comparisons with other facilities

MM@NuFact05


Some physics performances440kT water Č, 4MW SPL, GLoBES

2% syst. on signal & bkg

(2(2dof)=4.6 or 11.83)*: 5 bins [0.08,1.08] GeV

Sin2213(90%CL) = 610-3 (0.7°)

5yrs (+)CP=0

preliminary

90%CL

New Opt.Old Opt.

True values: (m23, sin2213)

sin2212=0.82, 23=/4, m221=8.1 10-

5eV2

5% external precision on 12 and m221

and use SPL disappearance channel and spectrum

analysis*

sizeable improvement


+

~1/2 & 1/2 K0e3

+

Flux @ 130km: compositionhttp://opera.web.lal.in2p3.fr/horn/Simu/index.htm

3.5GeV Kinetic p beam~800MeVfocusing40m decay tunnel length2m decay tunnel radius

Focusing

Focusing

~1/3 & 1/3 K0e3 & 1/3 K+

e3


Evolution of the performances

True values: CP/ =-0.85, sin2213=0.03, sin223=0.4,

5% external precison on m221=8.1 10-5, m2

31=2.2 10-3, 23

2yrs , 8 yrs

0.02 0.04 0.06

sin2213

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

“Fact opt.”

0.02 0.04 0.06

sin2213

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

“ 3.5 GeV opt.”

trueWrong 23

Wrong hierarchy

Wrong hierarchy and

23

90%CL

Solid: SPL+ATMDashed: SPL only

NNN05 New Prelim.

cf. Th. Schwetz


e (Sig)

13 = 1°

sin2213= 0.001

13 = 3°

sin2213= 0.01

sin2213= 0.05

110(/2)

390(/2)

1300(/2)

1140()

e (Bkg)

490

e e CC e e CC 0 from NC CC

( missId)

Frac. of Bkg 45% 35% 18% 2%

Reduction Factor

0.677(220) 0.707(170) 2.5 10-3(90) 5.4 10-4(10)

(Sig)

/2)19590 ()

(Bkg) 1 (4.310-5 CC)

440kT x 8yrs: 3,5 Mt.yrs (-)

sin2212=0.82, 23=/4, m221=8.1 10-5eV2, m2

31=2.2 10-

3eV2


CDR2 block diagrams

H-

RFQ RFQ1 chop. RFQ2DTL-CCDTL-SCL 0.65 0.8 1

dump

Source Front End Normal Conducting Superconducting

95 keV 3 MeV 180 MeV 3.5 GeV

40MeV 90MeV

10 m 83 m ~ 350 m

Stretching andcollimation line

3.5 GeV to PS &Accumulator Ring(Neutrino Facility)

Debunching

400 MeV

chopp.

LINAC 4

352 MHz 704 MHz

900 MeV

1

1 - 2 GeV toEURISOL

SPL CDR2 Preliminary Layout 15.3.2005Work in progress!

1-2GeVEurisol, B

2-3.5GeVSuperB,

NuFact

CERN proton complex


3 MeV test place ready

Linac4 approval

SPL approval

RF tests in SM 18 of prototype structures*

for Linac4

CDR 2

Global planning (R.G courtesy)


13 and CP Sensitivity computation

Use GLoBES v2.0.11 and M. Mezzetto SPL.glb file detector:

1. Water Cerenkov2. 440 kt3. at Fréjus (130 km from CERN)

Run:1. 5 years +

2. 1 year + + 4 years - 3. 2 years + + 8 years -

Computed with CP=0 (standard benchmark) and = 0

other parameters…. m23 = 2.5 10-3eV2

2. m12 = 7.1 10-5eV2

Same duration Same statistics

sin2223 = 1.0sin2212 = 0.82



x1/200

x1/1

0

x1/1

300

+

-

1/3 +1/3 K0

e3

1/3 K+e3

-

Flux @ 130km: - focusing

e

e


Flux @ 130km: + focusing

x1/140

x1/17

x1/3000

+

-

+

~1/2 -~1/2 K0

e3

http://opera.web.lal.in2p3.fr/horn/Simu/index.htm


e

e


Mass hierarchy sensitivity

Atm.LBLAtm+LBL

T2K-II takes benefit of more matter effect

Th. S


Evolution of the performances440kT water Č, 4MW SPL

Improve significantly T2K-I


5 years positive focusing

Best sin2213 > 7.1 10-4 Ek = 4.5GeVE=300MeV

tunnel : 40m long2m radius

Energy comparison Focusing comparison

CP = 0

10-3 sin221

3

m2

23

(eV

2)

10-3

E~260MeV

CP = 010-3 sin221

3

10-3

m2

23

(eV

2)


positive focusing vs 10 years mixed scenario.

10-310-4 10-310-4 10-310-410-310-4

5y+

5y+

2y+8y-

2y+8y-

Energy comparison Focusing comparison

2.2GeV 3.5GeV 4.5GeV 8GeV

-100

-50

0

50

-150

-100

-50

0

-150

300MeV 4.5GeV 300MeV 3.5GeV 260MeV 3.5GeV

Best sin2213 > 2.02 10-3 Ek = 3.5GeVE=300MeV

tunnel : 40m long2m radius 90%CL


General comparison.

for 10 years in mixed focusing, sensitivity around 13~1°

Clear complementarily between positive scenario and beam (CP>0)

5y mixed focusing10y mixed focusing5y positive focusing


Super Beam & beta Beam

3 discovery potential curves

SPL

M. MezzettoVillars SPSC 04

beam

CombinedCombined

Thisoptimisation


MARS vs FLUKA

At the entrance of the SB decay tunnel (after the horn focusing)

Discrepancies reduced in the beam line R = 1mNo angular cut

A. Cazes thesis


Flux calculation

Low energy Small boost low focusingNeed a high number of events (~1015 evts!!!)Use probability (M. Donega thesis approach)

1. Each time a pion, a muon, or a kaon is decayed by Geant, compute the probability for the neutrino to reach the detector

2. Use this probability as a weight, and fill an histogram with the neutrino energy

3. There are few kaons therfore a kaon produced in the target is duplicated many times: ~100.

4. Gives neutrino spectrum.

New


Horn design parameter for Super Beam

140 cm 220 cm

80 cm

HORNHORN

inner radius

3.4cm

neck length

40cm

outer radius

20.5cm

total length

140cm

REFLECTOR

outer radius

40cm

total length

220cm

E~300MeVE~800MeV

Conductor thickness : 3mmhorn : 300kAmps

reflector : 600kAmpsChallenging!!!

Using Geant 3.2.1NuFact-Note 138

Drawing from the horn built at CERNOptimized for Super Beam

+ or - focusing


SPL block diagram (CDR 1)Characteristics (Conceptual Design Report 1):

are “optimized” for a neutrino factoryassume the use of LEP cavities & klystrons up to the highest energy

2.2GeV


Some physics performancesTrue values: CP=0, 13=0, sin2212=0.82, 23=/4, m2

21=8.1 10-5, m231=2.2

10-3

5% external precision on 12 and m221 and use SPL disappearance

channel

2% syst. on signal & bkg Improve T2K-I

2yrs ()8yrs ()

preliminary

T2K-I

Rate onlySpectrum analysis (prelim.)

90%CL (2(2dof)=4.6)

5yrs ()

Old SPL

x10

2yrs ()8yrs ()

preliminary


Gradients at 700 MHz

Last test performed in CryHoLab (July 04):5-cells 700 MHz ß=0.65 Nb cavity A5-01from CEA/Saclay and IPN-Orsay

from Stephane Chel, HIPPI04, Frankfurt, sep04

LEP cavities may have worked 350MHz & 3.6MV/m effective gradientNuFact Note 040

1E+08

1E+09

1E+10

1E+11

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Eacc ( MV/m )

Q0

Vertical Cryostat (Fast Cooling)

Horizontal Test in CryHoLab (B1)

quench


Choice of the EnergyNeglecting Matter effect (Ok CERN-Frejus), for CP = 0°

Maximum of probability is obtained for

2famillies formula

m221=810-5eV2,m2

31=2.410-3eV2, L=130km

E = 250MeV

c23=s23=1/√2,tan212=0.4

sin2213=10-2, E =320MeV

sin2213=10-3, E =390MeV


Beam Energy comparison

hep-ex/0411062 with an early version of analysis

10-310-4 10-310-4

5y+ 2y+8y-

2.2GeV 3.5GeV 4.5GeV 8GeV

-100

-50

0

50

-150

3.5GeV is an optimum

E~260MeV

CP = 010-3 sin221

3

10-3

m2

23

(eV

2)

ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05 SPL-Fréjus Some performances Fréjus site French Photodetector R&D J.E Campagne...

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Transcript of ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05 SPL-Fréjus Some performances Fréjus site French Photodetector R&D J.E Campagne...