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Israeli-Arab Conflict Historical Events1. Sykes-Picot Agreement

-1916. Agreement between the UK and French governments to expand and control theWest Asian territory following world war I. the two countries expected the Ottoman

Empire would fall and as a result would take their land.2. Zionism

-The main aspect of this is targeted for the benefit of Palestine. It is the policy to establisha peaceful homeland in Palestine for the Jews to safely live in.

3. The Balfour Declaration- 1926. Supported the creation of a homeland for the Jews following the holocaust.Named after the British Lord President of the Council Arthur Balfour,

4. The British Mandate-This mandate supported and made it possible for British rule over Palestine from 1917-1948. It says the Britain is helping support these countries until they are able to standalone.

5. U.N. Partition for Palestine (U.N. Resolution GA 181) Who rejected it? Who acceptedit? Why?-The British Foreign Secretary, as well as the French and Italian governments rejectedand disagreed with the U.N. Partition for Palestine because it stated the Jews had the rightto have their own home in Palestine. Alongside, Arabs also strongly disagreed. Theydidnt believe Jews should have their own homeland and Arabs thought Jews werestealing their own holy land. Zionists agree though.

6. Find a map of Palestine of the 1947 U.N. partition and describe what you see. You canchoose this website if you want:(http://mideastweb.org/un_palestine_partition_map_1947.htm )

- Although at first it seems as though Israel gets a much larger sum of land than the arabcountries do in the deal. The bottom half of the desert is non arable land, since it is desert.

As well another negative side to the deal is that Israel is completely surrounded by Arabcountries that were all willing to fought Israel for more land.

7. The War of Independence - 1948 War (the 'Nakba' for the Palestinians)- Israel declared independence. The Arabs rejected the UN partition plan for Palestinesince that would have created an Arab state and a Jewish state right next to each other.Also, Israel was stealing the land that Arabs considered holy for their own religion, so itwas on a personal level for devout Arabs. Five Arab states invaded the territory of theformer British Mandate of Palestine. These countries were Egypt, Syria, Transjordan,Lebanon and Iraq.

8. The six days war 1967 (also search for the straits of Tiran)- 1967. Israel began a war with the neighboring Muslim countries. These countries

included Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, but Iraq, Sudan, Iraq and others also were involved insupplying weapons and troops to the Arab cause as well. In the end Israel defeated its

opponents gaining land and reputation. The land was the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip,

the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights.

9. The Yom Kippur War 1973

http://mideastweb.org/un_palestine_partition_map_1947.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinai_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Striphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Jerusalemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golan_Heightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinai_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Striphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Jerusalemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golan_Heightshttp://mideastweb.org/un_palestine_partition_map_1947.htm

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- The war began October 6 and ended on October 26, 1973. The war involved all the

Arab countries that supported and backed Egypt and Syrias cause. The war began with a

surprise attack on Israel during Yom Kippur, one of the holiest holidays for Jews.

10. The Oslo Agreement 1993

- The Israeli Palesletinian peace negotiations really advances in this process. Unofficialtalks continued between Israel and the Palestinian liberation organization throughoutearly 1993 and ended in August 19, 1993. Then, after having recognized each other inmutual letters, Israel, and the PLO signed an agreement in Washington on September 13,1993.

11. Israels pullout of Gaza

- It was a plan passed in August 2005 by the Israeli government, to evict all Israelis fromthe Gaza strip and some parts of the west bank. Those that refused to cooperate wereforced out.

B. Write a sentence or two about each one of these people:

David Ben Gurion-He was the first Prime Minister of Israel. Ben-Gurion's was very passionate about

Zionism prior to the establishment of Israel, and that later helped him in, his founding of

the state of Israel

Golda Meir- Meir was the forth prime minister of Israel on 17 March 1969. She had already served asMinister of Labour and Foreign Minister. She became Israel's first and the world's thirdfemale to hold such an office.

Menahem Begin and Anwar Sadat (what did they do?)-Anwar Sadat was the Egyptian president and Menahem Begin was the sixth political ofIsrael. In March 11, 1982, Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat sign peace treaty inWashington D.C.

Gamal Nasser-1954-1970. Second president of Egypt. He toppled the monarchy rule of King Farouk.

Introduced and gave way to a new period of modernization and a socialist reform in

Egypt. Also called for the Unification of the Arab people and countries in the Arab

world.

King Hussein of Jordan- King of Jordan from 1952 till 1999. He ruled his country during the cold war and

through the Arab Israeli conflict time era. He controlled and maintained Arab nationalism

to an appropriate level as well as the attraction to western development.

Yasser Arafat- Palestinian leader. He was the chairman of the PLO, president of the Palestinian

national authority, and the Fatah political party leader. He also founded the Fatah

political party in 1959. Much of his career and life was spent on fighting again Israel.

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Yitzak Rabin- The fifth prime minister of Israel that ruled until he was assassinated in 1995. His

assassin was an Israeli radical member named Yigal Amir who opposed the signing of the

Oslo Accords. Rabin won the Nobel Peace Prize with Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat.

Mahmoud Abbas (also known as Abu Mazen)- He has been the chairman for the PLO since November 11, 2004. He also became the

president of the Palestinian national authority on January 15, 2005. His rival political

party, Hamas, did not recognize his recent extension in office.

Hassan Nasrallah- Currently he is the third secretary general of the Lebanese Islamist party and Hezbollah.

He became the Hezbollah leader after Israel assassinated Abbas al-Musawi in 1992.

Hezbollah's military campaigns of heavily influenced Israel to withdraw from Southern

Lebanon.

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C. Look at a current map of Israel and the Palestinian Territories and identify: Tel Aviv,Haifa, The Golan Heights, Lebanon, Syria, Gaza, Jerusalem, and the West Bank.

D. Come up with two questions that you still have about the conflict and write them down.1. why do Arab surrounding Arab countries continue to attack Israel if Israel continues to winand crush their military forces?2. How can Israel be so small yet tackle all the Arab countries surrounding it?

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