Isopropyl Alcohol, C3H7OH. Powers of TEN Scientific Notation A shorthand way to write numbers that...
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Transcript of Isopropyl Alcohol, C3H7OH. Powers of TEN Scientific Notation A shorthand way to write numbers that...
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Isopropyl Alcohol, C3H7OH
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Powers of TEN
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Scientific Notation
A shorthand way to write numbers that are very, very, very small or very, very, very large
A number times a multiplier of 10
Example:67300000000000000000000000000000000Scientific Notation:6.73 x 1034
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Scientific Notation Continued
Example 2:0.00000000000000000000000934
Scientific Notation9.34 x 10-24
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Now you try…
1) 0.00000008738.73 x 10-8
2) 6450000000000006.45 x 1014
3) 0.00000000000000000000787.8 x10-21
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Combining the Scientific Method and Sig Figs
Round the following number to 3 sig figs and put in scientific notation:
1)0.00003454 Ans: 3.45 x 10-5
2) 345600Ans: 3.46 x 105
3) 121500.0Ans: 1.22 x 105
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Three States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
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State Description Shape Volume Sketch
Solids
- Particles vibrate in place
- have a definite shape
- have a definite volume
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StateState DescriptioDescriptionn
ShapeShape VolumeVolume SketchSketch
LiquiLiquidsds
particles particles are loosely are loosely arranged arranged and slide and slide past each past each
otherother
NO NO definite definite shapeshape
have a have a definite definite volumevolume
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StateState DescriptionDescription ShapeShape VolumeVolume SketchSketch
GasGaseses
particles particles move move
independentlindependently of each y of each
otherother
NO definite NO definite shapeshape
NO definite NO definite
volumevolume
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Kinetic Theory of Matter
All particles are in constant motion: The faster the particles move, as more heat is added
to the substance. The slower the particles move the less heat the
substance will have.
Add Heat
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The opposite is true too: When heat is removed particles get slower and move
closer together
Remove Heat
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A fourth state of Matter?
Plasma:When matter is heated to very high
temperaturesDisassociated matter lots of electrons
floating around and “naked nuclei”Strongly influenced by electrical and
magnetic fieldsExamples: aurora borealis, lightning, Corona
around the sun
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A fifth state of matter?
Bose-Einstein CondensateDiscovered in 1995At Temperatures of 19 KIndividual atoms all are at the same energy
levelUndistinguishable from each other super
atom
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What does this mean for technology?
highly miniaturized microchipsmore accurate guidance systems for aircraft
and spacecraft a possible atom laser more accurate
atomic clocks.
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How cold is 19 K?
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SI Temperature
Dump ˚F Get used to using ˚Celsius and KelvinAt 0 ˚C, water freezesAt 100 ˚C, water boilsK = ˚C + 273 0 K = Absolute Zero˚C = 0.56(˚F-32); or ˚F = 1.8(˚C ) + 32
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The 3 Temperature Scales
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How cold is 19 K?
19 K = C + 27319 K – 273 = C-254 C
Brrrrrrr!!!!!!!