iSOIL - Interactions between soil related sciences ... · iSOIL-Interactions between soil related...
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iSOIL - Interactions between soil related sciences – Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping
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FP7 Collaborative project- iSOIL
Call: ENV.2007.3.1.2.1: Development and improvement of technologies fordata collection in (digital) soil mapping
iSOIL Project:19 partners from 9 countries42 months (01/06/2008- 30/11/2011)
Aim: Providing techniques and recommendations for high resolution, economically feasible, and target oriented soil mapping under conditions realistic for end-users.
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Linking different scales in iSOIL
field catchment landscapepoint
sam
plin
g st
rate
gysoil sampling
ground based platform
airborne platform
Combination of the advantages of geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping to develop a fast and cost effective approach to create high-resolution soil property maps for large areas
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WPs in iSOIL
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iSOIL Approach
Sensing concept, Landscape segmention and transects
Geological data
Elevation data
Geophysical data
…
Geophysicalmeasurements such as EMI and gamma-ray measurements forstructural and physical information
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iSOIL ApproachVa
lidat
ion
(Sam
plin
g)
Site-specificrelations betweengeophysical and soil parameters
Map of soilparameters
Derivation of Soilthreats/functions
Determination of points for calibrationof geophysical data
Soil Sampling at discrete points
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
1. iSOIL approach
2. Geophysical methods
3. Geophysical Pedo-Transferfunktions
4. Sampling Protocol
5. Digital Soil Mapping Approaches
6. Guidelines for mapping soil threats, soil functions and soil properties
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
1. iSOIL approach
- Expertise and tools in geophysics, soil science and digital soil mappingneeded
- Only some used tools are dailyroutine tools
- many uncertainties, site specific
Sensingconcept, Landscape segmention and transects
Geological dataElevation dataGeophysicaldata…
Geophysicalmeasurementssuch as EMI and gamma-raymeasurements forstructural and physicalinformation
Valid
atio
n (S
ampl
ing)
Site-specificrelations betweengeophysical and soil parameters
Map of soilparametersDerivation of Soilthreats/functions
Determination of points forcalibration of geophysical dataSoil Sampling at discrete points
Approach is too complex to standardized
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
2. Geophysical methods
• Geophysical techniques are applied in numerous areas and by different users from various research disciplines.
• not all users are aware of the limitations and restrictions of specific methods, which can lead to misinterpretation occurring
• Data reproducibility for single geophysical methods is an important prerequisite enabling common interpretation of results obtained using different methods
• Apart from ASTM standard for application of geophysical methods no standards available
High potential for standardisation
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
3. Geophysical Pedo-Transferfunktions (GPFT)
Site-specific relationsship – no potential forstandardisation
GeophysicalParameters (indirect)
Soil ParametersRelationship?
GPTF
One goal of iSOIL is to develop an approach for identifying site-specific or regional one-to-one links between a combination of measured geophysical quantities and soil properties.
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
4. Sampling Protocol
Too complex - difficult to negotiate
important to set out a sampling protocol which defines where and how to take samples – the sampling design.
Sampling design: number as well as the location of soil sampling sitesfor calibration and validation should be selected based on initialgeophysical surveys such as electromagnetic induction (EMI) and/or gammaspectroscopic measurements and the size of the field
at the landscape scale need of sampling schemes indicating where to operate the geophysical instruments
Sampling design depends not only on the size of the study area, but also on the digital soil mapping approach used and on model requirements
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
4. Digital Soil Mapping Approaches
Scientific application– difficult to standardise
Various techniques and approaches
Scientific discussion is going on
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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation
4. Guidelines for mapping soil threats, soil functions and soil properties
Guidelines shouldbe introduced in handbook
Definition of reasons, aim, area
Analyse the available data and apply appropriate method
No measures necessary/
No relevant risk
YES
NO
Selection of appropriate model approachbased on aim, required resolution, resources
Definition of further needed data
Acquisition further needed data
Run model
Define and apply remediation
Define and apply protection measures
Reasonable results?(quality, spatial
coverage)
NOYES
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
Map of riskSufficient information? Evaluation of risk and derivation of measures?
YES
Stakeholders
Stakeholders
7
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Standardization associations
Professional German Association for Water and Sanitation (DWA) & German Association for Gas and Water (DVGW): about 600 rules and standards in the water sector
DIN German Institute for Standardization: about 30.000 rules and standardsG
erm
any
Eur
ope
Inte
rnat
iona
l
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) responsible for European standards (ET) in various sectorsEuropean Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization(CENELEC)European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
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CEN Workshop Agreement
The CEN Workshop is a flexible working platform open to the participation of any company or organisation, inside or outside Europe, for rapid elaboration of consensus documents.
Flexible: Light procedures, Direct and voluntary participation of stakeholders, Work can start less than three months after the announcement, Participants decide on the Working arrangements
Open: Open to any interested party, No geographical restrictions, A public process, Registration open until the draft CWA is mature
Rapid: Reduced procedures, Few physical meetings, Working by electronicencouraged, Overall duration – from 5 to 18 months
CWA is developed by the participants in a CEN Workshop who are interested in developing the reference documents
CWA use is purely voluntary but can serve as a basis for the development of an EN or ISO Standard
CWAs are valid for 3 years and then choice to withdraw, prolongate, modify or propose standard
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CEN Workshop
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Electromagnetic induction measurement (EMI)
• non-invasive mapping method to characterize the subsurface
• various areas of application
• Electromagnetic induction measures the apparent electrical conductivity of the subsurface, which corresponds with different soil properties such as clay content, water content, and salinity
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Selection of EMI Application Areas
Geological Mapping Geotechnical Investigation
Agriculture
Groundwater Protection
Archeology
EMI Measurements
Raw material Prospecting
Environmental Monitoring
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Comparative measurements of different EM38DD
100 m
Partner 1 Partner 2
Partner 3
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Comparative measurements with different EM38DD
Vertical dipoledevice A: reproducible resultsdevice B: absolute values are lower, not reproducible, manufacturer says this is okay
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5mS/m to 50 mS/mEnvironmental monitoring
Monitoring
5mS/m to 10 mS/mAgriculture
5mS/m to 300 mS/mGeological mappingMapping
100 mS/mRaw material prospecting
10mS/m to 100 mS/mArchaeology
5mS/m to 1000mS/mGeotechnical investigation
Target mapping
Anomaly Application AreaObjective of surveyEach application is based on different conductivity differences
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Needs for standardization of EMI
Need of standardised procedures
Different EMI devices based on same physical principles providedifferent results
Different measurements with one device not always reproducable
Increase of EMI application from non-geophysicists
EM38DD EM31
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CEN Workshop for one geophysical method
CEN Workshop
Best Practice Approach for electromagnetic induction measurements of the near surface
The overall goal of the workshop is to develop a standardized approach for electromagnetic induction measurement to ensure that results can be evaluated and processed under uniform circumstances and can be comparable.
1.5m
1.5m
1.5m
10cm
N
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CEN WS 59
Kick-off meeting- June 3, 2010
Technical meeting- June 4, 2010
Registered members: 40
Manufacturers: Geonics,
Dualem, GSSI,
GF Instruments
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Participants of the CEN WS59
Man
ufac
ture
rs
iSO
ILPr
ojec
t
DIN Berlin
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland
Railway Technical Institute – JP (CEN/TC)
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
University of Bonn
Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc.
GF Instruments
Dualem.com
Geonics
Geosensors Inc.
Allsat GmbH network+services -D
Allied Associated Geophysical Ltd.-UK
Soil Company –NL
Eijkelkamp-NL
GGL Geophysik und Geotechnik -D
Medusa Explorations –NL
Res
earc
h In
stitu
tes/
Uni
vers
itiesSM
Es
Stak
ehol
ders
Forschungszentrum Juelich -D
Université catholique Louvain -B
Potsdam University -D
Universidade de Évora -Pt
Ohio State University- US
Aarhus University -DK
Lund University-SE
Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences –DK
University of Leicester –UK
Wageningen University -NLM
anuf
actu
rers
iSO
IL
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KO Meeting : 3th of June 2010 in Leipzig
First version of the Draft CWA to WS participants for comments
1st plenary : End of September 2010
2nd version of the draft CWA to WS participant for comments
2nd plenary : Early December 2010Examination of the comments on the second version of the Draft CWA
3rd version of the draft CWA to the WS participants
Public comment phase : 60 days (May/June 2011)
Final voting of WS participants
CWA sent to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre for publication
June 10
Aug 2010
Sep 2010
Nov 2010
Dec 2010
Feb 2011
May/
June 2011
July 2011
Oct 2011
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Content of CWA document
1 Scope2 Terms and definitions3 Symbols and abbreviations4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements7 Calibration8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices9 Surveying approaches10 Best practice measurement at field site11 Data Processing and Evaluation12 Quality Assurance13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data
Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurementsAnnex B (informative)
Important Hints for Field worksImportant practical aspectsPossible Errors
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Definition of 72 EMI related terms
CWA: 2. Terms and definitions
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Content of CWA document
1 Scope2 Terms and definitions3 Symbols and abbreviations4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements7 Calibration8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices9 Surveying approaches10 Best practice measurement at field site11 Data Processing and Evaluation12 Quality Assurance13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data
Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurementsAnnex B (informative)
Important Hints for Field worksImportant practical aspectsPossible Errors
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• Weight• Depth of Exploration (DOE)• Inductive Coupling• Effort• LIN assumption• Lower environmental noise for LIN EMI devices• Extended conductivity concept
• Environmental Noise• Sensitivity of EMI devices (Metallic objects and anomalies; Array length; Positioning)• Instrument related problems (Nonlinerarity, Fixed coil spacing, Accuracy; Dependency of field calibration; Zero-level drift)• Interpretation related problems• Qualitative-qualitative-translation into soil properties
Advantages Limitations
CWA: Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements
Provides a good overview
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Content of CWA document
1 Scope2 Terms and definitions3 Symbols and abbreviations4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements7 Calibration8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices9 Surveying approaches10 Best practice measurement at field site11 Data Processing and Evaluation12 Quality Assurance13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data
Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurementsAnnex B (informative)
Important Hints for Field worksImportant practical aspectsPossible Errors
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Best practice approach for EMI measurements at field site
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Flow chart for EMI data processing in mapping application
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Outcome of the CEN-WS 59
CWA will be published within the next month
How do iSOIL benefit from this CWA?
•CWA can be included in further standardizationprocesses at CEN or DIN
•Establishment of cooperations with different WS members and DIN Berlin
www.treatmentsaver.com
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For further information seewww.isoil.infoor contact [email protected]
iSOIL-Interactions between soil related sciences – Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping is a Collaborative Project (Grant Agreement number 211386) co-funded by the Research DG of the European Commission within the RTD activities of the FP7 Thematic Priority Environment.