ISO 27001 Information Security Management System (ISMS )
description
Transcript of ISO 27001 Information Security Management System (ISMS )
ISO 27001Information Security Management
System (ISMS)
Information AssetsInformation is an asset
– like other important business assets, has value to an organisation and consequently needs to be suitably protected.
What is Information? Current Business Plans Future Plans Intellectual Property (Patents, etc) Employee Records Customer Details Business Partners Records Financial Records
What is Information Security? Information Security addresses
– Confidentiality ( C )– Integrity ( I )– Availability (A)
Also involves– Authenticity– Accountability– Non-repudiation– Reliability
Enterprise/Corporate IT Hardware Resources
Information Security Risks• The range of risks exists
• System failures• Denial of service (DOS) attacks• Misuse of resources
• Internet/email /telephone• Damage of reputation• Espionage• Fraud• Viruses/spy-ware etc• Use of unlicensed software
Layered Security
Security Awareness/Culture Security is everyone’s responsibility All levels of management accountable Everyone should consider in their daily roles
– Attitude (willing/aims/wants/targets)– Knowledge (what to do?)– Skill (how to do?)
Security is integrated into all operations Security performance should be measured
Security Awareness Program Flow
Define
ImplementElicit
Integrate
Employees
Security Awareness Program
Feedback Activities
Company Policy
Benefits of pursuing certification Allows organizations to mitigate the risk of IS breaches Allows organizations to mitigate the impact of IS breaches when
they occur In the event of a security breach, certification should reduce the
penalty imposed by regulators Allows organizations to demonstrate due diligence and due care
– to shareholders, customers and business partners Allows organizations to demonstrate proactive compliance to
legal, regulatory and contractual requirements– as opposed to taking a reactive approach
Provides independent third-party validation of an organization’s ISMS
Structure of 27000 series
27000 Fundamentals & Vocabulary
27001:ISMS
27003 Implementation Guidance
27002 Code of Practice for ISM
27004 Metrics & Measurement
27005
Risk Management
27006 Guidelines on ISMS accreditation
What is ISO 27001? ISO 27001 Part I
– Code of practice for Information Security Management (ISM)
– Best practices, guidance, recommendations for• Confidentiality ( C )• Integrity ( I ) • Availability ( A )
ISO 27001 Part II
– Specification for ISM
ISO 27001 Overview Mandatory Clauses (4 8)– All clauses should be applied, NO exceptions
Annex (Control Objectives and Controls )– 11 Security Domains (A5 A 15)
• Layers of security– 39 Control Objectives
• Statement of desired results or purpose– 133 Controls
• Policies, procedures, practices, software controls and organizational structure
• To provide reasonable assurance that business objectives will be achieved and that undesired events will be prevented or detected and corrected
• Exclusions in some controls are possible, if they can be justified???
Difference Between 27001:2000 and 27001:2005 Editions? Annex A
2000 Edition (10 sections) 2005 Edition (11 sections)Security Policy A5 - Security PolicySecurity Organisation A6 - Organising Information SecurityAsset Classification & Control A7 - Asset ManagementPersonnel Security A8 - Human Resources SecurityPhysical & Environmental Security A9 - Physical & Environmental SecurityCommunications & Operations Management
A10 - Communications & Operations Management
Access Control A11- Access ControlSystems Development & Maintenance A12 - Information Systems Acquisition,
Development and MaintenanceA13 - Information Security Incident Management
Business Continuity Management A14 - Business Continuity Management
Compliance A15 - Compliance
ISO 27001 Implementation Steps Decide on the ISMS scope Approach to risk assessment Perform GAP Analysis Selection of controls Statement of Applicability Reviewing and Managing the Risks Ensure management commitment ISMS internal audits Measure effectiveness and performance Update risk treatment plans, procedures and
controls
Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA)
The ISO 27001 adopts the “Plan-Do-Check-Act” (PDCA)– Applied to structure all ISMS processes
Plan
Do
Check
Act
PDCA ModelPDCA Model
Plan Establish ISMS
Establish ISMS policy, objectives, processes and procedures relevant to managing risk and improving IS to deliver results in accordance with an organization’s overall policies and objectives
Do Implement and operate ISMS
Implement and operate ISMS policy, controls, processes and procedures
Check Monitor and review ISMS
Asses, and where applicable, measure process performance against ISMS policy, objectives and practical experience and report the results to management for review
Act Maintain and improve ISMS
Take corrective actions, based on the results of the internal audit and management review or other relevant information, to achieve continual improvement of ISMS
ISO 27001 (Requirements) Standard Content Introduction
– Section 0 Scope
– Section 1 Normative references
– Section 2 Terms and definitions
– Section 3 Plan
– Section 4 to plan the establishment of your organization’s ISMS. Do
– Section 5 to implement, operate, and maintain your ISMS. Check
– Sections 6 and 7 to monitor, measure, audit, and review your ISMS. Act
– Section 8 to take corrective and preventive actions to improve your ISMS. Annex A (Clauses A.5 to A.15)
ISO 27001 PDCA Approach Plan:
– Study requirements– Draft an IS Policy– Discuss in IS Forum (committee)– Finalize and approve the policy– Establish implementation procedure– Staff awareness/training
Do:– Implement the policy
Check:– Monitor, measure, & audit the process
Act:– Improve the process
ISMS Scope Business security policy and plans Current business operations requirements Future business plans and requirements Legislative requirements Obligations and responsibilities with regard
to security contained in SLAs The business and IT risks and their
management
A Sample List of IS Policies Overall ISMS policy Access control policy Email policy Internet policy Anti-virus policy Information classification policy Use of IT assets policy Asset disposal policy
The C.I.A. triangle is made up of:
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
(Over time the list of characteristics has expanded, but these 3 remain central)
CIA +
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Privacy
Identification
Authentication
Authorization
Accountability
Confidentiality of information ensures that only those with sufficient privileges may
access certain information.
To protect confidentiality of information, a number of measures may be used, including:
Information classification Secure document storage
Application of general security policies Education of information custodians
& end users
Integrity is the quality or state of being whole, complete, & uncorrupted.
The integrity of information is threatenedwhen it is exposed
to corruption, damage, destruction,or other disruption of its authentic state.
Corruption can occurwhile information is being
compiled, stored, or transmitted.
Availability is making informationaccessible to user access
without interference or obstructionin the required format.
A user in this definition may be eithera person
or another computer system.
Availability meansavailability to authorized users.
Privacy
Information is to be usedonly
for purposes known to the data owner.
This does not focuson freedom from observation,
but ratherthat information will be used
onlyin ways known to the owner.
Information systems possessthe characteristic of identification
when they are ableto recognize individual users.
Identification and authenticationare essential to establishing
the level of access or authorizationthat an individual is granted.
AAA
Authentication occurswhen a control provides proof
that a user possessesthe identity that he or she claims.
After the identity of a useris authenticated,
a process called authorizationprovides assurance that the user(whether a person or a computer)
has been specifically & explicitly authorizedby the proper authority
to access, update, or deletethe contents of an information asset.
The characteristic of accountabilityexists when a controlprovides assurance
that every activity undertakencan be attributed
to a named person or automated process.
To review ... CIA +
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Privacy
Identification
Authentication
Authorization
Accountability
Think about your home computer.
How do you secure it?
How do you guaranteeconfidentiality, integrity, & availability?
NSTISSC Security Model
Two well-known approaches to management:
Traditional management theory
using principles ofplanning, organizing, staffing, directing,
& controlling (POSDC).
Popular management theoryusing principles of
management into planning, organizing, leading, & controlling (POLC).
Planning is the process thatdevelops, creates, & implements
strategiesfor the accomplishment of objectives.
Three levels of planning:
1. Strategic2. Tactical
3. Operational
In general,planning begins
with the strategic planfor the whole organization.
To do this successfully,an organization must thoroughly define
its goals & objectives.
Organization:structuring of resources
to supportthe accomplishment of objectives.
Organizing tasks requires determining:
What is to be done In what order
By whom By which methods
When
Leadership encouragesthe implementation
of the planning and organizing functions,including supervising
employee behavior, performance, attendance, & attitude.
Leadership generally addressesthe direction and motivation
of the human resource.
Control is monitoring progresstoward completion
& making necessary adjustmentsto achieve the desired objectives.
Controlling function determineswhat must be monitored as well
using specific control toolsto gather and evaluate information.
Four categories of control tools:
Information
Financial
Operational
Behavioral
The Control Process
How to Solve Problems
Step 1:Recognize & define the problem
Step 2:Gather facts & make assumptions
Step 3: Develop possible solutions
Step 4:Analyze & compare possible solutions
Step 5:Select, implement, & evaluate a solution
Feasibility Analyses
Economic feasibility assessescosts & benefits of a solution
Technological feasibility assessesan organization’s ability
to acquire & manage a solution
Behavioral feasibility assesseswhether members of an organization
will support a solution
Operational feasibility assessesif an organization can integrate a solution
Extended characteristicsor principles
of infosec management (AKA, the 6 P’s)
Planning
Policy
Programs
Protection
People
Project Management
1. Planningas part of InfoSec management
is an extensionof the basic planning model
discussed earlier in this chapter.
Included in the InfoSec planning modelare activities necessary to support
the design, creation, and implementation of information security strategies
as they existwithin the IT planning environment.
Several types of InfoSec plans exist:
Incident response
Business continuity
Disaster recovery
Policy
Personnel
Technology rollout
Risk management
Security program,including education, training, & awareness
2. Policy:set of organizational guidelinesthat dictates certain behavior
within the organization.
In InfoSec, there are3 general categories of policy:
1. General program policy
(Enterprise Security Policy)
2. An issue-specific security policy (ISSP)
3. System-specific policies (SSSPs)
3. Programs:specific entities managed
in the information security domain.
One such entity:security education training & awareness
(SETA)program.
Other programs that may emerge includethe physical security program,
complete with fire, physical access,gates, guards, & so on.
4. Protection:
Risk management activities,including risk assessment and control,
as well as protection mechanisms, technologies, & tools.
Each of these mechanismsrepresents some aspect
of the management of specific controlsin the overall information security plan.
5. Peopleare the most critical link
in the information security program.
It is imperativethat managers continuously recognize
the crucial role that people play.
Includes information security personnel and the security of personnel, as well as
aspects of the SETA program.
6. Project management disciplineshould be present throughout
all elementsof the information security program.
This involves:
Identifying and controllingthe resources applied to the project
Measuring progress& adjusting the process
as progress is made toward the goal
In summation:
Communities of interest
CIA+
Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling
Principles of infosec management(the 6 P’s)