Islamic Timeline
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Transcript of Islamic Timeline
Islamic Timeline
• 570 M. born in Mecca
• 610 M. receives 1st vision, begins preaching
• 622 M. leaves Mecca for Medina, becomes leader of the city through diplomacy
• 630 M. conquers Mecca, returns to Medina
Islamic Timeline
• 632 M. dies, from past poisoning? Abu Bakr elected first Caliph (Deputy, Successor), orders suras collected
• Caliphate = Islamic Church-State Empire• 634-644 Umar, 2nd Caliph conquers Iraq,
some of Iran, N. Africa, Egypt, Israel…• 644-656 Uthman, 3rd Caliph, compiles
Qur’an, destroys other versions
Islamic Timeline
• 656 Uthman assassinated, Ali becomes 4th Caliph (656-661)
• Ali doesn’t find and punish Uthman’s assassins, Aisha, others, including Muawiyah rebell
• 661 Ali assassinated, cementing the Sunni/Shia rift.
The Bible vs. The Qur’an
• Composed over 1000+ years
• Many cultural and historical settings, many authors
• Began as oral tradition, edited by scholars
• Composed over two decades
• Composed in two cities by one author
• Transcript of ecstatic visions of uneducated man, compiled by one man
The Bible vs. The Qur’an
• Many genres
• Chronological and topical order
• Logical progression of ideas or themes
• Two genres: preaching and poetry
• Suras arranged longest to shortest
• Suras often jump from topic to topic
The Bible vs. The Qur’an
• Mostly 3rd person
• Historically accurate, used by archeologists
• Mostly 1st person pl. (“We” = Allah)
• Historical inaccuracies and anachronisms
The Afterlife
Like Christian picture but more literal, physical
Paradise features• Streams and pools of water• Lush gardens, birds• Riches, luxury• Doe-eyed virgin slave-girls (houris)
Paradise
The Afterlife
Hell• Firey torment
• Boiling water
• Eat heads of demons or snakes
• Like Christian medieval view
The Five Pillars of Islam
1. The Shahadah: "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."
2. Salat: Prayer towards Mecca 5x a day3. Zakat (annual charitable tax on net
worth)4. Sawm: Fasting during Ramadan (Month
in Muslim calendar)--no eating or drinking
5. Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once)