ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION CHAPTER 2

Lesson 1 The Rise of Islam

Student Pre-test IslamWrite answers in folder – not graded) Answers are in todays notes

What do you think the Muslim population and/or percentage is of the world’s total?

Who is the founder of Islam? What is Islam’s most sacred city? Where did Islam start (What part of the

world)? What do the Muslims call God?

The Muslim world today

Muslim population 1.7 billion people out of the world’s 7.0 billion (about 1/5 of the world’s total)

Religions of the world (est. 2014)

I. Daily Life in Arabia

1. Much of the Arabian Peninsula is desert. Oases are green areas fed by an underground water source.

Mr. Mispagel in Morocco

Tangier, Morocco

Morocco– summer 2009

2. Early Arabs formed tribes that were headed by a sheikh.

3. The Bedouins were desert herders that traveled from oasis to oasis. Many Arabs lived in villages near the oases.

Snake charmer (Morocco)

Narrow streets of “old town” Tangier

My daughter with her Moroccan drum and fez hat. Tangier - 2009

13th Century Mosque Tangier, Morocco

The Alhambra – Muslim palace in Grenada, Spain

The Alhambra

The Alhambra – noteThe Arabic script (sacred language of Islam) within the design on the walls

4. Merchants who transported goods across the desert formed caravans to protect themselves from Bedouin attacks. Caravans are groups of traveling merchants and animals.

5. Trade grew and merchants founded towns along the trade routes. Makkah (Mecca) was the largest and wealthiest trade center and an important religious site visited by pilgrims.

6. In the middle of Mecca is the Kaaba, a low square building. Inside is a stone Arabs believe came from heaven.

7. Muslims consider Allah the creator.

II. Muhammad: Islam’s Prophet

1. Muhammad was born in Mecca in AD 570.

2. Muhammad went into the hills to pray upset with the town leaders and was visited by an angel who told him to preach Islam.

Adhan – Muslim call to Prayer

https://search.yahoo.com/search;_ylt=AmATS1x8zzw2e3yFy2J2FLCbvZx4?p=adhan+call+to+prayer&toggle=1&cop=mss&ei=UTF-8&fr=yfp-t-901&fp=1

3.Muhammad returned to Mecca and told the people to worship one god, Allah. Muhammad preached that all people are equal and the wealthy should share with the poor.

4. Many poor people began to accept Muhammad’s message and become Muslims or followers of Islam. Wealthy people did not like his message and made life difficult for Muhammad.

5. Muhammad and his followers left Mecca for Yathrib (Medina). This journey is called the Hijrah.

6. Yathrib welcomed the Muslims and renamed the city Medina.

7. Muhammad used the laws he believed he had received from god to rule the people of Medina, creating an Islamic state, or government that uses its political power to uphold Islam.

8. Mecca was made a holy city in a treaty that gave Muhammad control of Mecca

III. Islam’s Teachings 1. Islam, Judaism, and

Christianity have some beliefs in common: They believe in one God, the God of Abraham.

2. The Quran (Koran) is the holy book of Islam. Many teachings in the Quran are similar to the Bible.

3. The Five Pillars of Islam are:

Faith (Shahadah), Prayer (Salat), Charity (Zakat), Fasting (Sawm), Pilgrimage (Hajj) 4. The Sunna is the name

given to customs based on Muhammad’s words and deeds.

Some Muslims argue Jihad (holy war) is a 6th pillar.

Do you agree with this?Muslims face Mecca when they pray

Chapter 2.1 Lecture Review 1. What is the Kaaba? Where is this located? 2. What do Muslims call god? 3. What is the Hijrah and the Hajj? 4. Who is the founder of Islam? 5. What is an Islamic State? 6. What is the Muslim holy book called? 7. What are the Five Pillars of faith? 8. How is Islam similar and different to Judaism

and Christianity?