IslamIslam

I. History of IslamI. History of Islam

A.A. Muslims trace their linage back to Muslims trace their linage back to Abraham through Ishmael.Abraham through Ishmael.

I. History of IslamI. History of Islam

B. Islam officially begins with the B. Islam officially begins with the revelations given to Muhammad and he revelations given to Muhammad and he founded what became known as Islam.founded what became known as Islam.

1. Muhammad1. Muhammad

-Merchant who traveled Middle East-Merchant who traveled Middle East

-Went to caves outside of Mecca to -Went to caves outside of Mecca to praypray

I. History of IslamI. History of Islam

1. Muhammad1. Muhammad-was upset with the moral decay-was upset with the moral decay-visited by the angel Gabriel in the -visited by the angel Gabriel in the caves with messages from God.caves with messages from God.-Muhammad thought he was -Muhammad thought he was crazy but his wife encouraged crazy but his wife encouraged him to listen.him to listen.-he spreads his teachings in -he spreads his teachings in

MeccaMecca and Medinaand Medina

I. History of IslamI. History of Islam

C.C. The main point of Islam was to The main point of Islam was to spread monotheism to end spread monotheism to end polytheistic beliefs in Arabia and polytheistic beliefs in Arabia and return to following the God of the return to following the God of the Jews and Christians.Jews and Christians.

D.D. Muhammad died in battle at the age Muhammad died in battle at the age of 62 (almost 40 years after the of 62 (almost 40 years after the revelations began). Muslims believe revelations began). Muslims believe that he is the last of the prophets.that he is the last of the prophets.

II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam

A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars

1. Shahada – The central belief of 1. Shahada – The central belief of IslamIslam

““There is no God but Allah and There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His messenger.”Muhammad is His messenger.”

II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam

A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars

2. Salat – Praying the prescribed 2. Salat – Praying the prescribed prayers in the prescribed manner.prayers in the prescribed manner.

-pray (Rakah) 5 times a day at the -pray (Rakah) 5 times a day at the correct correct timetime

-bow towards Mecca-bow towards Mecca

-faith in Muhammad and Allah is -faith in Muhammad and Allah is declared after each prayer positiondeclared after each prayer position

Minaret and MuezzinMinaret and Muezzin

II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam

A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars3. Zakat – almsgiving to the poor and 3. Zakat – almsgiving to the poor and sick (stated in the Koran as 2 ½ %)sick (stated in the Koran as 2 ½ %)

4. Sawm – Fasting from sunup to 4. Sawm – Fasting from sunup to sundown during the month of sundown during the month of Ramadan.Ramadan.-27-27thth of Ramadan is the Night of Power of Ramadan is the Night of Power which commemorates Muhammad's 1which commemorates Muhammad's 1stst revelation.revelation.

II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam

A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars

5. Hajj – The Pilgrimage to Mecca 5. Hajj – The Pilgrimage to Mecca

The Ka’bah – believed by Muslims to be built by Abraham while visiting Ishmael.

II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam

A.A. Pillars of IslamPillars of Islam5. Hajj – The Procedure5. Hajj – The Procedure-shave your head and wear white (men)-shave your head and wear white (men)-keep heads covered and wear native clothes -keep heads covered and wear native clothes (women)(women)-walk 7 times around Ka’bah and kiss stone-walk 7 times around Ka’bah and kiss stone-run 7 times b/w hills of the region (symbolizing -run 7 times b/w hills of the region (symbolizing Hagar’s search for water)Hagar’s search for water)-all day prayer in the plain of Arafat-all day prayer in the plain of Arafat-throw stones at 3 pillars (symbolizing keeping -throw stones at 3 pillars (symbolizing keeping the devil away)the devil away)- animal sacrifice on the 10- animal sacrifice on the 10thth day day-7 more times around the Ka’bah-7 more times around the Ka’bah

II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam

Sharia – Law based on the Muslim scripturesSharia – Law based on the Muslim scriptures5 stages of laws5 stages of laws

1. Things that are completely banned1. Things that are completely banned-dietary laws – no pork, wine-dietary laws – no pork, wine

2. Things that are looked down on2. Things that are looked down on-divorce-divorce-smoking-smoking

3. Neutral actions that are neither approved 3. Neutral actions that are neither approved or disapproved or disapproved

4. Things recommended for a healthy Muslim4. Things recommended for a healthy Muslim-positive character traits-positive character traits

5. Requirements – things you must do5. Requirements – things you must do-5 pillars of Islam-5 pillars of Islam

III. Muslim ScripturesIII. Muslim Scriptures

A.A. Koran (Qu’ran)Koran (Qu’ran)

1. Collection of Muhammad's 1. Collection of Muhammad's messages from Allah.messages from Allah.

2. Seen as the 32. Seen as the 3rdrd word of God (after word of God (after the Torah and the Gospels) – but the the Torah and the Gospels) – but the Jews and Christians have corrupted Jews and Christians have corrupted their words from God.their words from God.

3. Seen as the infallible word of God 3. Seen as the infallible word of God

4. Is treated with the utmost respect4. Is treated with the utmost respect

God of the BibleGod of the Bible

-God is knowable through Christ-God is knowable through Christ

-God reveals himself-God reveals himself

-God invites a life-transforming -God invites a life-transforming relationshiprelationship

-God is triune-God is triune

-The Bible emphasizes sacrificial love-The Bible emphasizes sacrificial love

III. Muslim ScripturesIII. Muslim Scriptures

B. Hadith B. Hadith

1. Sayings/teachings of the Prophet 1. Sayings/teachings of the Prophet and stories about his life.and stories about his life.

2. There are 100s of hadith and they 2. There are 100s of hadith and they are still being written.are still being written.

IV. Key Beliefs of IslamIV. Key Beliefs of Islam

Allah of the KoranAllah of the Koran

-God’s essence is not -God’s essence is not knowableknowable

-God only reveals his will -God only reveals his will for humansfor humans

-God demands obedience -God demands obedience to commandsto commands

-God is a single -God is a single personalitypersonality

-The Koran emphasizes -The Koran emphasizes sovereign powersovereign power

God of the BibleGod of the Bible

-God is knowable -God is knowable through Christthrough Christ

-God reveals himself-God reveals himself

-God invites a life--God invites a life-transforming transforming relationshiprelationship

-God is triune-God is triune

-The Bible emphasizes -The Bible emphasizes sacrificial lovesacrificial love

A. Allah (Arabic for The God)

IV. Key Beliefs of IslamIV. Key Beliefs of Islam

B.B. CreationCreation

C.C. End TimesEnd Times

D.D. JesusJesus

E.E. Purpose of LifePurpose of Life

F.F. AfterlifeAfterlife

G.G. ShirkShirk

V. Branches of IslamV. Branches of Islam

A.A. Sunni Islam – Believed that the next Sunni Islam – Believed that the next leader (called a caliph) after leader (called a caliph) after Muhammad should be the best one Muhammad should be the best one for the job.for the job.

-90% of all Muslims are -90% of all Muslims are SunnisSunnis

V. Branches of IslamV. Branches of Islam

B. Shia Islam – Believed that the next leader B. Shia Islam – Believed that the next leader (called an Imam) after Muhammad should be (called an Imam) after Muhammad should be related to Muhammad.related to Muhammad.

1. Twelver Shia – Believe that Allah has1. Twelver Shia – Believe that Allah has given 11 Imams and the 12given 11 Imams and the 12thth will will remain hidden until the end times.remain hidden until the end times.2. Sevener Shia – same as above expect2. Sevener Shia – same as above expect

for 7 Imamsfor 7 Imams3. Shi’ites tend to glorify martyrdom b/c 3. Shi’ites tend to glorify martyrdom b/c their long persecution by the Sunnistheir long persecution by the Sunnis

V. Branches of IslamV. Branches of Islam

C.C. Sufism – Not really a branch. Sufis Sufism – Not really a branch. Sufis emphasize an emotional/spiritual emphasize an emotional/spiritual connection to Allah along with following connection to Allah along with following the laws. Sufis can be Shia or Sunni.the laws. Sufis can be Shia or Sunni.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_Cf-ZxDfZAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jeca3isOoW4&NR=1&feature=fvwp

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJvgurjDIVc

VI. Islam TodayVI. Islam Today

A.A. Jihad – literally means ‘service towards Jihad – literally means ‘service towards your religion’your religion’

-can have a jihad through -can have a jihad through

-zakat-zakat

-writing a pro Islamic book-writing a pro Islamic book

-helping old ladies across the-helping old ladies across the

streetstreet

-in terms of military it can only be -in terms of military it can only be used used

to defend Islamto defend Islam

VI. Islam TodayVI. Islam Today

B.B. Women’s Rights Women’s Rights

-They have been restricted before Islam -They have been restricted before Islam began.began.

-Three verses in the Koran have been used -Three verses in the Koran have been used today by some countries to continue to today by some countries to continue to restrict women’s rightsrestrict women’s rights

1. “Women should cover1. “Women should cover

themselves to not be like others”themselves to not be like others”

2. Muhammad had 4 wives.2. Muhammad had 4 wives.

3. “A man’s testimony is worth3. “A man’s testimony is worth

as much as 2 women’s testimony.”as much as 2 women’s testimony.”

HijabHijab

Palestine

Afghanistan

Saudi Arabia

►One of your friends claims that Islam One of your friends claims that Islam and Christianity are basically the and Christianity are basically the same religion. They both worship same religion. They both worship God and follow a set of rules. Explain God and follow a set of rules. Explain what your apologetic answer would what your apologetic answer would be. Use at least 3 Bible passages to be. Use at least 3 Bible passages to support your answer.support your answer.