ISLAM Founder: Muhammad b. 57O - 632 AD (also Mohammed, Mahomet) Islam--"submission" (to God)...
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Transcript of ISLAM Founder: Muhammad b. 57O - 632 AD (also Mohammed, Mahomet) Islam--"submission" (to God)...
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ISLAM
Founder: Muhammad b. 57O - 632 AD (also Mohammed, Mahomet)
Islam--"submission" (to God)Practitioners called Muslims (submitters)Sacred Texts:
The Qur'an (Koran)The Hadith ("traditions" of Muhammad and early Muslim leaders)
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Historical Background
7th Century Arabia
Barbarism-warring tribes, settling in Mecca, trade
Paganism--Polytheism and Animism--pantheon of gods with Allah, the Moon God and his three daughters at the top, lesser gods, jinn (genies, nature spirits)
Month of Fasting in the cult of the moon god
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Historical Background
Worship at the Kabah ("cube")--square stone temple in Mecca with 36O idols
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Prayer towards the Kabah in Mecca
Superstition
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The Life of Muhammad
Father dies before birth, "spiritualist" mother
Orphaned at 5, shuffled around, raised by uncle
Cave explorationEarly vision--insides stirredAge 25-4O Marries Khadijah, becomes
caravan owner
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The Life of Muhammad
Age 4O Prophetic call--"The Night of Power"
Muhammad's visions--temporal lobe epilepsy?
Muhammad's doubt
Demon possession?
Mental illness?
Suicide attempts thwarted by Gabriel
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The Life of Muhammad
The Satanic Verses: Is it O.K. to worship Allah's 3 daughters?
Flight to Medina (Yathrib)--success
Caravan Looting and Pillaging
Plundering of the Jews
Defeat by the Meccans, Muhammad nearly killed at Uhod
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The Life of Muhammad
Muhammad regroups, rebuildsTreaty with MeccaConquest of Mecca
The Character of MuhammadCharisma, diplomatic skillsSocial justice concerns
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The Character of Muhammad
TemperPlunder, assassinations, reprisals,
severe punishmentsSuperstitionSexual appetite
ZaynabAesha
Attitude towards womenMuhammad vs. Jesus
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The Five Pillars of Islam
1. The Shahadah: "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."
2. Salat: Prayer towards Mecca 5x a day3. Zakat (annual charitable tax on net
worth)4. Sawm: Fasting during Ramadan (Month
in Muslim calendar)--no eating or drinking
5. Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once)
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