Islam as Ad Din ( Way of Life)

7/22/2019 Islam as Ad Din ( Way of Life)

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CHAPTER TWO:

ISLAM AS AD-D IN

(A WAY OF LIFE)

CENTRE OF ISLAMIC THOUGHT &UNDERSTANDING (CITU) UITM

MALAYSIA

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REFERENCE:PROLEGOMENA TO THE

METAPHYSICS OF ISLAM

BY SYED MUHAMADNAQUIB AL-ATTAS

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2.1 DEFINITION OF AD-DIN


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ISLAM AS AD-DIN3

- When we speak about Islam,

We refer it as a religion(in English term)

But

We mean and understand by it --- ad-din

WHAT IS ISLAM AS AD-DIN??

FAITH

BELIEFS PRACTICES

TEACHINGS

ADHERED TO BY A MUSLIMS INDIVIDUALLY AND

COLLECTIVELY AS A COMMUNITY


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THE MEANING OF AD-DIN4

AD-DIN

SUBMISSIVENESSJUDICIOUS

POWER

NATURAL

INCLINATION/TENDENCY

INDEBTEDNESS


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1.INDEBTEDNESS judicious powerDIN DANABEING INDEBTED

DEBTOR (MADIN) CREDITOR(DAIN)

HAVE TO YIELD /SURRENDER / OBEY TO

LAW AND ORDINANCES

GOVERNING DEBTS.

UNDER OBLIGATION

INVOLVES

JUDGEMENT

TO SERVEA MASTER

TOBECOME

ENSLAVED

JUDGE / RULER /GOVERNOR

BECOMING

MIGHTY, POWERFUL,

STRONG

HAVE THEAUTHORITY TO

MAKE THE LAW, THE

ORDER, THE JUSTICE

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The situation described is practicable only inorganized societies involved in commercial life intownsand cities (MADINAH).

-Has a judge,ruler

(DAYYAN)- a civilized living- a societal life of lawand order

- justice andauthority

TAMADDUN = civilization,

refinement in social culture.

The concept of DIN reflects the natural tendencyof man to form societies and obey laws and seek

just government.


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QUESTION??...

HOW CAN THE CONCEPT OF BEINGINDEBTED BE EXPLAINED IN THE

RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITUAL CONTEXT?

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WHAT IS THE NATURE OF THEDEBT?

TO WHOM IS THE DEBT OWED?


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IS INDEBTED TO ALLAH

ALLAH

CREATOR -- BRING INSAN

INTO EXISTENCE

PROVIDER --- MAINTAIN

INSAN IN THE EXISTENCE

MAN WAS ONCE

NOTHING AND DID

NOT EXIST(SURAH INSAN:1)

- THE WHOLE MANKINDNOW EXISTING NEITHER

EXISTED NOR KNEW OFTHEIR POSSIBLE PRESENT

EXISTENCE.

-FOR CREATION- CAUSING GROWTHAND DEVELOPMENT- MATURE ANDPERFECT- SENSES (HEARINGAND SIGHT)

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Man does not cause his own growth anddevelopment.

Even in his mature and perfect state he is not ableto create for himself his sense of sight or hearing.


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INSANOWNS

ABSOLUTELYNOTHING TO

REPAY HIS DEBTBECAUSE

EVERYTHINGBELONGS TOALLAH

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QUESTION??...HOW TO PAY

THE DEBT TOALLAH???

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HE MUST RETURN HIMSELF TOALLAH WHO OWNS HIM

ABSOLUTELY.

RETURNING THE DEBTTO GIVE HIMSELF UP IN SERVICETO ABASE HIMSELF BEFORE HIM

ENSLAVES HIMSELF FOR THE SAKE OFALLAH IN ORDER TO FULFILL HIS

COMMANDS, PROHIBITIONS ANDORDINANCES.

TO LIVE OUT THE DICTATES OF HIS

LAW13


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IMPLICATION??....BY RETURNING HIMSELFTO ALLAH,BY LOYALLY ANDTRULY FOLLOWING AND

OBEYING ALLAHS COMMANDS ANDPROHIBITIONS, ORDINANCES AND LAW, THEMAN WILL RECEIVE HIS GOOD RETURNMULTIPLIED MANY TIMES OVER

AL BAQARAH: 164-165

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The Holy Prophet said:

The intelligent one is he who enslaveshimself (dana nafsahu) and works for that

which shall be after death.

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Abd= servant or slave of Allah

* being owned by Allah* realizes that he is indebted to Allah

* abases himself in service to Him

What is the differencebetween abdand khadim?

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A khadimgives khidmah (service).* He is free not a bondman.

* He owns himself.

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THE ACT OF SERVICEAPPROPRIATE FOR

INSAN

IBADAH

ALL CONCIOUS ANDWILLING ACTS OF SERVICE

FOR THE SAKE OF ALLAH

ALONE AND APPROVED BYHIM

FULFILL THEPURPOSE OFCREATION /EXISTENCE

SERVANT

KHALIFAH

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2. NATURAL INCLINATION (FITRAH)FITRAH = A PATTERN ACCORDINGTO WHICH ALLAH HAS CREATED

ALL THINGS IN ITS PROPERPLACE.

SUNNATULLAH = ALLAHS MANNER OFCREATING

SUBMISSION TOIT BRINGSHARMONY

OPPOSITIONTO IT BRINGS

DISCORD

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It is normalfor a man to serve Allahbecause it comes as a natural inclination forman to do so.

Din as fitrah refers to the realization of theCovenant Daybetween man and Allah.

It involves the true / origin nature of

rational soul and animal soul. Real freedom for man is when the soul acts

as his true nature demands.


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3) SUBMISSIVENESS

What is the meaning ofthe real submission to

Allah?


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REAL SUBMISSION TO ALLAH DOES NOTMEAN:

Just as belief or faith

momentary or erratic

Operate only within the realm of the heart withoutmanifesting itself outwardly in the action of thebody as works performed in obedience to Allahslaw.

BUT IT MEANS A continuous act lived throughout the entire span

of ones ethical life.


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The word denoting this sense of submissionis aslama.

Please check the following ayat:

1) An-Nisa : 232) Ali Imran : 85

3) Ali Imran : 19

Is there any other form of submission toGod?


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Islam is sincereand totalsubmission to Allahs will and thisis enactedwillinglyas absolute

obedience to the law revealed byHIM.


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Other religions have evolved theirown systems or forms of

submission based upon their own

cultural traditions, OR a mixture oftheir own cultural traditions with

traditions based upon Revelation.Now, lets check this ayat : (2:256)


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- In true religion there should be nocompulsion.

- One must not compel others to submit

- One must submit oneselfwholeheartedly, willingly, and love and

enjoy the submission.

WHAT ABOUT IBLIS?

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27IBLIS:- Believes in Allah

- Knows and acknowledges Allah as his Creator,Cherisher and Sustainer (RABB)

- BUT he is a misbeliever (Kafir)- Although Iblis submits to Allah, yet he submits

insolently and grudgingly

- His kufr is due to arrogance, disobedience,

rebellion.- His submission is the most notorious example of

unwilling submission.


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Real submission is shown by the HolyProphet.

Thus, the fundamental core of true

religion is not belief but thesubmission.

Because the submission confirms andaffirms the belief to be true andgenuine.


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THECOVENANT

ABDTO SERVE ALLAH

IBADAH

ALLCONCIOUS

AND WILLINGACTS OF

SERVICE FORTHE SAKE OF

ALLAH

MAKE THEANIMAL

SOUL

SUBJECT TOTHE

RATIONALSOUL

FREEDOM

BECAUSE HE HASFULFILLEDTHE PURPOSE OF

CREATION ANDEXISTENCE

ACHIEVE SUPREMEPEACE (ISLAM)=SEJAHTERA

THE RATIONALSOUL PACIFIED:MUTMANINNAH

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2.3 THE CONCEPT OF RELIGION AD-DIN) INISLAMIslam is the religion to humanity-offered since Adam-looks at mankind

as created frm single soul, male &female, black and white, rich and

poor

Rasulullah was sent to allpeople and nation. Not send

for certain tribe andcountries but to the whole

human race.

Allah mention: We have sentyou (Muhammad as a mercy)

to all nations (21;107)

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Literally: Islam means peaceand submission to God.Technically: Complete

submission to the will of God-Not to other creature

Once human being obeys Allahrules and laws, he is a Muslim.

Not a new religion, BUT thesame truth that god revealed to

all His prophets to everypeople.

Islam is both: religion andcomplete way of life-Muslim

follow the religion of peace,mercy and forgiveness

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Islam is NOT just a religion intraditional sense.-Not just

confined to the act of worship,

morality & other aspect ofpersonel piety.

The teaching of Islam alsocovered all other aspects of life-

Not only religious rituals andmorality. Also include guidance-applicable for all time and places

For example: economics, politics,welfare and family life-due to

diversity and success inProphets mission, Muslim haveclear guidance from God and

final prophet.

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Islam, as it has been declared by the Qur'an, andreligion as Muslims believe, is the perfect and

completion of the God's favor upon mankind sofar as the regulation of their life is concerned.

Allah says in the Qur'an:[This day I have perfected your religionfor you, completed My favors upon youand have chosen for you Islam as yourreligion.] (Al-Ma'idah 5:4)

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This verse speaks of the fact that the favors of Godin the form of deen(a code of life) have been

perfected in Islam and nothing that is not rooted in

it, whether in the form of belief or in the form ofindividual and social behavior, is acceptable to

God.

To a non-Muslimnurtured on a traditional concept ofreligion,-only a private relationship between man andHis Creator.

But for a Muslim, religion comprehends the whole oflife: its pattern of thought and behavior. It posits the

ideal of a life from the cradle to the grave. No sphere isleft in which the thoughts and deeds of a Muslim

both in his personal and public life areinconsequential for his fate in the Hereafter

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That is the reason why God exhorts people to acceptIslam in its entirety,

[O you who believe! Come all of you intosubmission (to Him); follow not the footstepsof the devil. He is an open enemy for you.] (Al-

Baqarah 2: 208)

Islam is the only religion of the world which knows NOdistinction between the religious and secular, but viewsin one sweep the entire life of humanity.

The philosophy of ethics, law and morals, manners,arts and sciences, forms of social, political and

economic organization, including the nature of familyand marriage side by side with the problems ofworship and theology have their legitimate place in

the all-inclusive system of Islam.

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The Qur'an calls upon Muslims to say:[Verily my prayers and my sacrifices and my life

and death are all for Allah.] (Al-An`am 6:162) It means: the whole life of people in all its spheres should

be an expression of complete submission to Allah, theCreator of this Universe and the Rightful Master.

Refer also: Ali Imran:85

Therefore, thebasic concept of religion in Islam vitalnecessity as the sunshine and air.

Just as the Sustainer and the Nourisher of the world has

made provision of all those things which humans need fortheir physical development+ Divine knowledge for thesatisfaction of his religious yearnings +for the fullest growthof their spiritual and moral self.

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Islam is acomplete

way of life

It covers allaspects ofhuman life

It is a way of life inIslam-aqidah, syariah,akhlaq,family,society,politics,transactions,education

Islam is arevealed religion(samawi)

It does notconfined toprayers only likeother religions

Islam is not similar tochristianity,hinduisme,-not just faith likeTaoisme,Confusiousnisme

DISCUSS..WHY???

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THEPILLARS

OFISLAM

AKHLAQSYARIAH

AQIDAH

2.4 THEPILLARS OF

ISLAM

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2.5 THE SPECIAL CHARACTERISTIC OFISLAMRABBANI

(BASED ONREVELATIO

N)

WASATI(BALANCE

D)

ABSOLUTE& ETERNAL ALAMI(UNIVERSAL)

WAQIE(PRACTICAL &

APPLICABLE)

SAMAWI & KAMIL(COMPREHENSIVENESS & COMPLETE)

INSANI(BASED

ONHUMAN)

BASED ONAUTHENTIC SOURCES

UNIQUENESS OF THENAME

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ALAMI(UNIVERSAL)

Among thebeauties of Islam:No intermediariesin the relationshipbetween personand God

Entering Islam, Notinvolve any specialceremonies orprocedure done infront of any peoplenor approval

BecomingMuslim very easy,everyone can doit even in thedesert.

Al-Quran repeatedlysaying O mankind(all human being)-never addressed as the

God of particular nation

Not restricted tocertain tribe andnation-addressedto all mankind

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From the beginning of the mission ofprophet Muhammad,his followers camefrom wide spectrum of individual ie:There was BILAL-African slave; SUHAIB-byzantine Roman; IBN SAILAM-TheJewish Rabbi and SALMAN-The Persian

Mankind is universal brotherhood-Islamis the only religion acceptable by Allah

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RABBANI

(DIVINEREVEALATION)

Concept of God

completely based on

divine revelation

Concept of God:characterized by

purity & clarity

Not made by myth,superstitions/

man-made

philosophical

ideas

Pure &

straightforwardteaching of Islam-

revealed unique

nature

Compared with otherreligion mix man-

made doctrine+ divinerevelation/ignored d.r

totally

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Islam concept of God is totally based on

what has God says about Himself-Clear

distinction between Creator and the

created (Pure and straightforward)

It is clear, nothing divine /worthy being

worship except Allah. Although Allah isTrascendent over creation-due to infinite

mercy, always involve with all affairs of

His creatures

By sending revelation through HisProphet,-allowed Himself to be known

through His unique & most beautiful

attributes

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ETERNAL &

ABSOLUTE

The message ofIslam eternallytrue-very robust

Pure monot ism inIslam, universalbrotherhood, positiveoutlook-STILL RELEVANTmeaningful to modernmanRelevance and

applicable to bothspiritual worldlylifeStill has a strong

spiritual impact onmillion of peopleliving in the worldtoday

Teaching of Islamno need to beupdated orwatered-down toappeal to human

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Teaching of Islam-Spirituallytrue, eternally practical-man canlived and implemented in dailylifeUnique among all other religions-Islam Notto be sacrificed its integrity to applicable to

modern lifeIslam applicable to people living

today in modern life just as it didfor people living 1400 years ago

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WASATI

(BALANCE)/MODERATION

e/t Islam all encompassway of life, it preachesmoderation-rejectsextremism

Islam NOT preachcomplete rejection toworldly life-NOT teachearthly life just forpleasure and enjoyment

Worldly pleasure stillcan be taken as long asthey enjoyed in a way inthe obedience to God

Divinely revealed-balanced in allaspects of life

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Muslim has to keep in mind that life in the

hereafter is the ultimate goal-so should be

charitable & Not too attached to worldlythings.

Keep maintained between mas

spiritual and physical needs.Human being responsible at

all level/ind, family, society

Rejects man-made religiousexcesses

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AUTHENTI

C SOURCES

Preservation of thescripture of Islam-Holy Quran

No other religionhas a scriptureboth as old andwell-preservedas Quran

Scholars admit thesimilarities betweenthe Quran exist todayand the old one duringRasulullah period

Quran not writtenby Rasulullah BUT itis a literal word ofGodComparison: Scriptureof other religion madeup by writing-Notauthentic-claim to bescripture even theauthor unknown

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Remain pure-writtendown memorizedduring the lifetime ofProphet s.a.w Quran is unique scripture-come down in its originalform and unique language

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DIRECT

RELATIONSHIP WITH GOD

In other religions,

people approach God

through intermediary-e.g saint, angle, Virgin

Mary and Jesus

In Islam, there isNo priest-eachworshipper, has

direct relationshipwith Merciful

Creator

Allah is Owner andSustainer ofeverything-providetrue and complete

forgiveness

It is only in Islam,

a person is

required ONLY to

pray to God

In Islam,praying/worshipping anything

other than Allahis the greatest sin

committed

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Other religionsnullify their belief-

make grave

mistake of NOTalways

approaching Himdirectly

Accor to them-due tosinfulness, human

cannot approach God

without intermediary-mistakenly implies thatGod unable/unwilling

to forgive human beingdirectly

In Islamicteaching, God

always ready to

bestow His mercyon anyone whoturns to him in

repentance

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF ISLAM

To educate and guide human to know his or her Creator To lead human to the right path in life

To teach human to become good servant of God as avicegerence on earth To leave room to human to worship God (Human aredependant on God)

To give opportunity to human to achieve rewards in theirgood deeds on the earth To lead and teach human with the right way of his commandin ibadah and Muamalah( transactions)

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THANK YOU

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Islam as Ad Din ( Way of Life)

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