Is this familiar to anyone?
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Is this familiar to anyone?. Active Learning Through Africa. & The Neuroscience Behind its Effects. Shawn Alderman, MD Jason Ferguson, DO Garrett Meyers, MD. Outline. Describe Active Learning Emphasize its key elements - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Is this familiar to anyone?
Is this familiar to anyone?
Active Learning Through Africa
Shawn Alderman, MDJason Ferguson, DOGarrett Meyers, MD
& The Neuroscience Behind its Effects
Outline
• Describe Active Learning
• Emphasize its key elements
• Demonstrate Active Learning through an exercise using Eastern Africa
• Explore principles of NB
Objectives
• Listed 3 key elements of Active Learning
• Practiced using active learning techniques
Active Learning: 3 Key Elements
Silberman, 1998• Adult brains process information • We have different learning styles
– See– Hear– Do
• Requires safety & connectedness
Activity
Variety
Participation
Active Learning Strategies
• Moderate amount of content
• Balance affective, behavioral, cognitive
Russell et al, 1984
Active Learning Strategies
• Variety of learning approaches
• Opportunities for group participation
Ruhl et al, 1987
The East Africa Pre-test
Label allnumbered countries
in 90 seconds
1. Eritrea
2. Djibouti
3. Somalia
4. Ethiopia
5. Kenya
6. Uganda
7. Rwanda
8. Tanzania
9. Malawi
10. Zimbabwe
11. Mozambique
12. Zambia
Pre-Test Results?
Sit Down Exercise
East African Countries
Eritrea
Eritrea
Locusts
Djibouti
Djibouti
Limestone Chimneys
Somalia
Somalia
Lack of Safe Drinking
Water
Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Cradle of Humanity
Kenya
Kenya
Regional Hub of Trade & Finance
Uganda
Uganda
Coffee
Rwanda
Rwanda
Lightning Capital of the World
Tanzania
Tanzania
Tanzanite
Malawi
Malawi
Tobacco
Zimbabwe
Mozambique
Mozambique
5th Highest Infant
Mortality Rate
Zambia
Zambia
4th largest producer of Copper in the world
Group Exercise
Group Exercise Instructions
Teamwork:
• Develop a method (e.g., mnemonic) for remembering the name, location and characteristic for each country
• Be ready to apply this knowledge to a quiz
Example Mnemonic: Malawi
Mal = Bad
Group Exercise Instructions
Teamwork:
• Develop a method (e.g., mnemonic) for remembering the name, location and characteristic for each country
• Be ready to apply this knowledge to a quiz
Team Geography Quiz
Jeopardy Demo
• When the country flashes on the screen the first team has 15 seconds to call out the country and the attribute.
• If the team misses, the next team has 10 additional seconds to “steal” it by calling out the country and attribute.
South Africa
Safaris
Let the games begin!
EritreaLocusts
DjiboutiLimestone Chimneys
SomaliaLack of Safe
Drinking Water
EthiopiaCradle of Humanity
KenyaRegional Hub of
Trade and Finance
UgandaCoffee
RwandaLightning Capital
of the World
TanzaniaTanzanite
MalawiTobacco
ZimbabweVictoria Falls
Mozambique5th Highest Infant
Mortality Rate
Zambia4th Largest Copper
Producer in the World
Role Play
Role Play Rules• “Hi, my name is _____. I’m the ambassador from _______.”
• Show on your sheet where your country is located
• A key characteristic of my country is ____ and here’s a picture
• Flip your sheet over and quiz your partner– “Can you show me where my country is located?”– “Can you remember my country’s key characteristic?”
Final Exam
Self Grade
Country Name Country Characteristic
1. Eritrea Locust plagues
2. Djibouti Limestone Chimneys
3. Somalia Lack of safe drinking water
4. Ethiopia Cradle of humanity
Country Name Country Characteristic
5. Kenya Hub of trade and finance
6. Uganda Coffee is its main export
7. Rwanda Lightning capital of the world
8. Tanzania Where the blue gem Tanzanite is found
Country Name Country Characteristic
9. Malawi Tobacco is its main export
10. Zimbabwe Victoria Falls, the worlds largest waterfall
11. Mozambique 5th highest infant mortality rate in the world
12. Zambia World’s 4th largest producer of copper
List 3 key elements of active learning
1. Activity
2. Variety
3. Participation
Post-Test Results?
Stand Up Exercise
Active Learning: 3 Key Elements Silberman, 1998
• Adult brains process information • We have different learning styles
– See– Hear– Do
• Requires safety & connectedness
Activity
Variety
Participation
What did you see?
Lecture5%
Reading10%
Audiovisual 20%
Demonstration 30%
Discussion Group 50%
Practice By Doing 75%
Teach Others / Immediate Use of Learning 90%
Bethel, Maine: National Training Laboratories (1960s)
Active Learning
Aver
age
24 h
r
Rete
ntio
n Ra
te
So What?
ChallengeToday
• Refer back to this exercise as an example of active learning
• Identify elements of active learning during remainder of program
Thank you
1) List your earliest memory. What specifically stands out?
2) Discuss this memory with a partner. We will hear a sample.
Increasing reference availability reflects the growth of our knowledge.
Remember – the brain is an organ.
The brain has three major divisions.
The limbic system includes structures responsible for long-term memory storage.
The cerebral cortex is inextricably linked to the limbic system.
Information Processing Model
OUT
OUT O
UT
Sensory Register
Immediate memory
Long-Term Storage
Working memory
STORING
RETRIEVING
The brain has > 1 billion neurons.
An increased number and strength of synaptic connections form when learning.
Memory is a dynamic process.
So What? - Activity
• Think-Pair-Share– Using your handout, take a moment to rank the
five principles of neurobiology listed, in order of their importance to your teaching efforts.
– Discuss with a partner. We will hear a sample.
Five Principles for Education
Active Engagement
Attention
Short-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory
Stress
1) Active Engagement
Functional changes in neural circuitry occur best when the learner is actively engaged.
Active Engagement
Medical education is slowly changing.
Active Engagement
Team-Based Learning
Problem-Based Learning
Small Group Activities
Learners as Teachers
Simulation
Active Engagement
2) Attention
“Multitasking, when it comes to paying attention, is a myth.”- Dr. John Medina
After 10 minutes, audience attention steadily drops.
Attention
After 10 minutes, tell a story, show a video, have the learners do something.
Keep it relevant!
Attention
3) Short term memory
“______________ is the key
to adult learning.”
“Going deeper,” rather than touching on all information, results in deeper understanding and better retention.
Short-term
memory
4) Long-term memory
Memory is not fixed at the moment of learning.
Repetition, with appropriate spacing, is the fixative.
Long-term
memory
OUT
Long-Term StorageWorking
memory
STORING
RETRIEVING
SENSE
MEANING
Take 1 minute to list potential strategies utilizing repetition.
Examples:- The “Ambassador” Activity
- Introduction, wrap-up
- “See one, do one, teach one”
- Recitation with different learner levels
5) Stress
Stress can generate molecular signals that
facilitate synaptic potentiation.
Moderation is key.
Stress
Five Principles for Education
Active Engagement
Attention
Short-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory
Stress
Other Principles
• Visualization• Sensory Integration• Individual Learning Styles• Exercise• Sleep / Fatigue• Reward and Reinforcement
Take-Home Points
• Education changes brains!• Understanding these changes should
inform how we teach• Use your toolbox of evidence-based
educational practices
Commitment to Act
How will you incorporate these principles in your teaching?
Questions and Comments
