Is partial cutting a good way to manage black spruce forest ......Residual-tree growth responses to...
Transcript of Is partial cutting a good way to manage black spruce forest ......Residual-tree growth responses to...
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Is partial cutting a good way to
manage black spruce forest on
hydromorphic soils?
⊷ By Samuel Roy Proulx, ⊷ Yves Bergeron (UQAT), Sylvain Jutras (Université Laval) and Alain Leduc (UQAM)
International Boreal Forest Research Association, Laxenburg, Austria, September 2018
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Why is this territory vulnerable to successional paludification? ⊷ The last glaciation⊷ Cold climat⊷ Low decomposition rate⊷ Time between fire events⊷ Traditionnal forest management
• Clear Cut• What about partial cutting?
References: Bergeron et al., 2006; Bergeron et Fenton, 2012; Fenton et al ., 2005; Lafleur et al., 2010; McRae et al. 2001
2Source image: Fenton et Bergeron 2011
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Organic soil
Mineral soil
Water table
Clear Cut
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• Regeneration
• Paludification
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Partial cutting
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?
? ? ?
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• Interception
• Evapotranspiration
Organic soil
Mineral soil
Water table
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Girdling
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? ? ?
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• Interception
• Evapotranspiration
Organic soil
Mineral soil
Water table
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Objectives
Quantify the water table variations following partial
cutting and girdling treatments.
Study the influence of water table variations on black spruce growth and on
bryophyte communities.
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• The main driving force of the water table one year after partial cutting is the interception of the tree cover.
• The reduction of evapotranspiration will not have a significant effect on the water table one year after the treatment.
• The girdling will isolate the effect of interception and remove the evapotranspiration on the water table.
• The water table variation and the removal of tree cover will have an effect on wood cell deposit of residual black spruce.
Hypothesis
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Methodology⊷ Study area• Northwestern Quebec (Abitibi)• Black spruce-feathermoss domain• Clay Belt⊷ Study duration• Growing season (May-Sep)• 2 years ⊷ Silvicultural treatment 40%• Partial cutting 3x• Girdling 3x• Control 3x⊷ Before After Control Impact
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20m
20m
Partial cutting
Girdling
Control
~200m x 200m
Block
Parcelle
Methodology
20m
20m
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• Water table• Interception• Precipitation
• Dendrometers on 45 black spruce• Micro-coring on 45 black spruce
Hydrology
Dendrology
• Identification of bryophytes species• Sphagnum growth• Shift in bryophytes species
Ecology
Methodology
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Hydrology
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Changes in canopy openness
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Results
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Hydrology model result:
Rain events + Temperature + Block + Canopy + JDAY
POT HT HAN
0 - 365
List of variables:TemperatureJDAYRain eventsRain events with one day delay
List of factors: Canopy opennessYearTreatmentsPeriodBlock
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Results
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Results
Drought periods
Rain events
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Drought periods:
Significant factors: Temperature + Block
Rain events:
Significant factors: Rain events + Temperature +Block
Results
POT HT HAN
POT HT HAN
POT HT HAN
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Results : Drought periods
Results: Rain events
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Discussion
Hypothesis: The main driving force on the water table one year after partial cutting is the interception of the tree cover.
Hypothesis: The reduction of evapotranspiration will not have a significant on the water table one yearafter the treatment.⊷We did not find any significant effect of
the treatments.
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Discussion
• Hypothesis: The girdling will isolate the effect of interception on the water table.
⊶ The effect of interception is not significant on the water table.
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Dendrology
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Results
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Discussion
Hypothesis: The water table variation and the removal of tree cover will have an effect on wood cell deposit of residual black spruce. ⊶ Black spruce radial growth may
change after a few years.⊶ This bioclimatic domain dynamic is slow.
Reference: Thorpe et al. 2007
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Conclusion
⊷Hopefully, those results will helppromote partial cutting in black spruce forest on hydromorphic soils.⊷What’s next? • Follow the water table, black
spruce and sphagnum growth on the long term.
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Thanks to the partners of the
project!
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ReferencesBergeron, Y., D. Cyr, C. R. Drever, M. Flannigan, S. Gauthier, D. Kneeshaw, È. Lauzon, A. Leduc, H. L. Goff, and D.
Lesieur. 2006. Past, current, and future fire frequencies in Quebec's commercial forests: implications for thecumulative effects of harvesting and fire on age-class structure and natural disturbance-based management.Canadian journal of forest research 36:2737-2744.
Bergeron, Y., and N. J. Fenton. 2012. Boreal forests of eastern Canada revisited: old growth, nonfire disturbances,forest succession, and biodiversity. Botany 90:509-523.
Fenton, N., N. Lecomte, S. Légaré, and Y. Bergeron. 2005. Paludification in black spruce (Piceamariana) forests ofeastern Canada: Potential factors and management implications. Forest Ecology and Management 213:151-159.
Fenton, N. J., and Y. Bergeron. 2011. Dynamic old-growth forests? A case study of boreal black spruce forestbryophytes. Silva Fennica 45:983-994.
Jutras, S., A. P. Plamondon, H. Hökkä, and J. Bégin. 2006. Water table changes following precommercial thinning onpost-harvest drained wetlands. Forest Ecology and Management 235:252-259.
Lafleur, B., D. Paré, N. J. Fenton, and Y. Bergeron. 2010. Do harvest methods and soil type impact the regeneration andgrowth of black spruce stands in northwestern Quebec? Canadian journal of forest research 40:1843-1851.
McRae, D., L. Duchesne, B. Freedman, T. Lynham, and S. Woodley. 2001. Comparisons between wildfire and forestharvesting and their implications in forest management. Environmental reviews 9:223-260.
Thorpe, H., S. Thomas, and J. Caspersen. 2007. Residual-tree growth responses to partial stand harvest in the blackspruce (Picea mariana) boreal forest This article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special ForumIUFRO 1.05 Uneven-Aged Silvicultural Research Group Conference on Natural Disturbance-Based Silviculture:Managing for Complexity. Canadian journal of forest research 37:1563-1571.
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Girdled trees
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Results : Dendrology