Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 609 (1955): Code of Practice for Improvement of ExistingStructures Used or Intended to be Used for Food GrainStorage [FAD 16: Foodgrains, Starches and Ready to EatFoods]

IS: 609· '1955(Reafflmed 2005)

Indian Standard RE/\FFlr,MED

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR IMPROVEMENT OFEXISTING STRUCTURES USED OR INTENDED TO BE

USED FOR FOOD GRAIN STORAGE

2010

First Reprint AUGUST 2009(Including Amendment No. I & 2)

UDe 633.1: 631.563 (083.13) (54)

Food Grain Storage Sectional Committee, EC 7

22 Cunon Road, New Delhi

Indian Council of Agricuitural.Research

QMG's Branch, Anny Headquarters

Community Projects AdlIlinistration (Planning Commission)arini.trY of RailwavsDirectorate of Marketing & Inspection ( Ministry of Food & Agriculture >Calcutta Flour Mills ASSGCiation, CalcuttaEngineer-in-Chief's Branch, Army HeadquartersDepartment of Food, Relief & Supply, Government of West Bengalarinislry of Health

Concrete Association of India, Bombay

Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New DelhiThe Chamber of Commerce, Hapur

Department of Agriculture &: Forests, Government of BombayThe Grain &: Oilseeds 1I1erchants' AS\loclatlon, BombayCentral Food Technological Research Institute, IIlysorePlanning Circle, CPWD, New DeIhl

Food & Agriculture Organization of tbe United- Nation. (FAD)Forest Research Institute, Dehra DunCentral Builders' Association, DelhiMinistry of Food & Agriculture

Department of Civil Supplies & Food, GGvernment of Uttar PradeshTbe Commissioners for tbe Port of Calcutta

Director, Indian Standards Institution

Assistant Director (Agri), Indian Standards Institution

Codes of Storage Practices Subcommittee, EC 7:6

CTtai,,_L.u.A.SHal RAK

M.",bersAllalCl1LTUIlAL COMIIISSIONICR WITH THE GOVERH>!!:NT

OFINDI"AslI8TA.NT AGRICULTURAL COMMISSIONER WITH THE

GOVERN,n;NT OF INDIA (Alttrnat.)COL AJIT SINGH

SHRI R. S. VOHRA (A/I.,,,at. )SKRI A. D. BOHaASHRI ~ E. DESADIt. M. B. GHATOE .

SHRI K. H. ADVAN' (AUer"u.)1oI1l. C. A. HILLSaRI K. N. S. IVI!.NGARSHRI J. K. LAHIalDR. K. MITRA

LT-CoL B. S. KaURANA (Altnfl4l.)SHIll E. A. NADIIlSHAH

SHill K. F. AnI" (Alter"at.)DIl. E. S. NARAVANA!<SKRI PARKA NAND

SaRI B. P. JArK (AllerllQl. JSaRI G. A. PATELSHaT VALLABHOAS PEaA]SHIll S. V. P,NCALESHRI K. G. RAjAOOPALA"

SHRI A. L. RAO (A Itu1I4/. )REPaESEIlT.. TTVEDa. 1ft L. ROONWALSalll SARD .... CHANDSIlRI K. R. SONUKAY

DEPUTY DlltECTOIl (STORAGE) (Alt..."ak)SHU Sa, RAJ( S,NGHSHar ]. B. TAL..TI

Mil. L. J. FURTAOO (Allernate)DR. LAL C. VnKAN (E,,-offi"io)

StaffSHRI C. N. MODAWAL

Ch~iNlla"

SKltI K.. R. SONTAKAY

M.IIlbe,sSRRI K. H. ADVANI

~=:; i ~~ND""S~~DIRECTORSKRI CHAMDRADHAIl ISS.'RSHill J. K. LASIRISHRr J. THOMAS MA"]OOR""DR. K. MITRA

DR. (MIss \ R. KAR"A.D (1f1l"'fI4Ie)SHRI V.'LLABHDAS PEllA]SSRl S. V. PINGALESHaT M. RAMloIAPPA

ASSIST"NT DIRllCTOR (STORAGE) (Allm/4t,)SHRI H. R. SAINISIIlu R. S. SHARMAsallf R, L, SGl<tSRRI V. SRIRAMAN

Ministry .,f Food & Agriculture

Directorate of Marketing & Inspection' Ministry of Food & Agriculture)Marketing Department, Government of AndhraMinistry of Railway.Civil Supplies Department, Government of BombayCivil Supplies Department, Government of RajasthanDepartment of Food, Relief & Supplies, Government of West BengalCivil Supplies Department, Government of lravancore-CochinMinistry of Health.

The Grain & Oilseeds Merchants' Association, BombayCentral Food Technological Research Institute, MysoreCivil Supplies l).';>artment, Government of Hyderabad

Agricultuce Department, Government of PunjabIndian Produce Association, CalcuttaeMI SnppIiu DepaxtlIRlllt. Go.euunent of. Mtwllty.- Bhar-,DIrectorate of Traffic, Commercial (MinIstry of Rsilways )

© BIS 2002

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

January 1956 Price Group 4

JUNE 1964AMENDMENT NO. 1

TO

IS : 609-1955 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR IMPROVE­MENT OF EXISTING STRUCTURES USED OR

INTENDED TO BE USED FOR FOODGRAIN STORAGE

eClause 0.9 )

a) Lines 3 and 4 - Substitute "IS: 277-1962 Galvanized SteelSheets ( Plain and Corrugated) eRevised) , for 'IS: 277-1951'Galvanized Steel Sheets (Plain and Corrugated) (Tentative)'.

b) Line 5 - Substitute' IS: 280-1962 Mild Steel Wire (Revised)'for' IS: 280-1951 Mild Steel Wire (Tentative) '.

eClause 0.10) - Substitute the following for the existing clause:

, O.1(t Metric system has been adopted in India and all quantitiesand dimensions in this standard have been given in this system. '

( Clause 3.2, line 2 ) - Substitute '15m (preferably 30 m)' for'50 ft ( preferably 100 ft) '. ,

( Sub-clause 4.1.1, line 2 ) - Substitute '15 m' for '50 ft '.

{ Sub-clause 4.1.2, line 2) - Substitute "6m t for '20 ft '.

( Sub-clause 4.2.1; line 2) - Substitute '3 m' for C 10 ft '.

( Clause 6.1, line 2 ) - Substitute' 150 em wide and 15 em thick'for '5 ft wide and 6 in. thick'. '

eClause 7.2, lines 3 and 4) - Substitute '6 mm size (about 1-6 kgof glass pieces to 1 rn3 of cement concrete). I for C i in. size (aboutI lbof glass pieces to 10 cu ft of cement concrete) ,7

( Sub-clause ~.1.2, lines,3 and 4) - Substitute '6 mm size (about1'6 kg of glass pieces to 1 m3 of, cement concrete) 'for 'i in, size( about 1 lb of glass pieces to IO cu ft of cement concrete) '.

( Sub-clause 8;1.3 )

a) Line 6 - Substitute '40 em I for '16 in. '.b) Line 8 - Substitute '10 'em' for '4 in. '.c) Line 10 - Substitute ',10 cm' for '4 in. '.d) Line 12 - Substitute "15 cm' for "6 in. '.

e) Line 13 - Substitute '6 mm ' for '! in. "f) Line 14 - Substitute (44 mm ' for '11 in. ',g) Line 17 - Substitute' 3 m X 3 m ' for '10 ft sq '.

(Clause 9.3, line 4) - Substitute '50 mm' for • 2 in. '.

( Clause 9.4, line 3 ) - Substitute '6 mm ' for 'i in. '.

( Sub-clause 10.1.1 )

a) Lines 3 and 4 - Substitute '0'63 mm thick, galvanized steelsheets' (see IS: 277-1962)' for '24 gauge galvanized steelsheets (see IS: 277-1951)'.

b) Line 4 - Substitute (225 mm ' for (9 in. '.c) Line 8 - Substitute '225 mm ' for '9 in. '.

('Fig. 1) - Substitute (0'63 mm thick' for (24 gauge'.

( Sub-clause 10.2.2 )

a) Line 2 - Substitute (6 mm' for 'i in. '.b) Lines 3 and 4 - Substitute (0'560 mm thick galvanized mild

steel wire (see IS : 280-1962)' for (0'022 in. (24 SWG)galvanized mild steel wire (see IS: 280-1951) ',

(Sub-clause 10.3.1,jirst sentence - Substitute the following for theexisting first sentence:

, If the ventilators have no shutters, wire netting of 6 mm mesh madeof galvamzed mild steel wire of 0'56 mm diameter shall be providedon all the ventilators. '

( Sub-clause 11.1.1,jirst sentence) - Substitute the following for theexisting first sentence:

, In case of gabled roof, if there are spaces in between the walls andthe roof sheeting, the spaces shall be fitted with wire netting of 6 mmmesh made of galvanized mild steel wire of 0'560 mm diameter.'

( Clause 12.1, line 6 ) - Substitute ' 1'2 I;l.' for '4 ft '.

(Clause B-l.3, line 3) - Substitute '25 g per 100 cmS ' for'8 oz per 100 sq ft '.

( Clause B-3.4 )

a) Line 8 - Substitute (325 g per 1 ma ' for '20 Ib per1000 cu ft '.

b) Line 34 - Substitute ( 15 til' for '50 ft '.e) Line 37 - Substitute (15 m' for '50 ft '.

2

AMENDMENT NO. 2 JANUARY 1996TO

IS 609: 1955 CODE OF PRACTICE FORIMPROVEMENT OF EXISTING STRUCTURES USED ORINTENDED TO BE USED FOR FOOD GRAIN STORAGE

( Page 2, clause 0.4, third and fourth sentences ) - Substitute thefollowing for the existing matter: .

'The Bureau of Indian Standards has brought out a series of standards forhandling in transit and storage of food grain and also for the construction of foodgrain storage structure.'

[ Page 3, clause 0.9 ( see also Amendment No.1) ] - Substitute thefollowing for the existing referred standards:

'IS 277: 1992 Galvanized steel sheet (plain and corrugated) (fifth revision).

IS 280 : 1978 Mild steel wire for genera] engineering purposes ( third revision ).

IS 561:1978 BHC (HCR) Dusting powders (fourth revision).

IS 634: 1965 Ethylene dichloride carbon tetrachloride mixture (3: 1 v/v)( revised ).'

(FAD 16)

IS : 609 - 1955

Indian Standard

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR IMPROVEMENT OFEXISTING STRUCTURES USED OR INTENDED TO BE

USED FOR FOOD GRAIN STORAGE

o. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the'Indian Standards Institution on 6 September1955, the draft for which was finalized on 31December 1954 by the Food Grain Storage Sec­tional Committee.

0.2 Owing to paucity of proper food grain storagestructures, the Government and trade organiza­tions store food grain, in an emergency, in anybuilding which they can easily acquire. Such

-emergencies have frequently arisen in variousparts of the country during the last decade, parti­cularly because of the sudden heavy arrivals offood grain at places where' it was not possible toconstruct storage structures at short notice.Furthermore, even if construction of storagestructures was possible, it was not undertaken forthe simple reason that they might not have per­manent utility. Since structures, thus acquired,are, not essentially built for the storage of foodgrain, they lack in many essential requirementsfor such storage, due to which the food grain storedin them is liable' to suffer heavy losses. It is,therefore, obvious that in all acquired storagestructures, which are not originally constructedfor such purpose but utilized for it, either tempo­rarily or on a long term basis, certain measuresshould be adopted in order that the desired levelof proper conditions both in respect of the sur­roundings of such structures as well as in their(;onstruc~~al features may be maintained.

0.3 With ~~view to assisting in the improvementof existing defective food grain storage structures,the preparation of this standard code was takenup at the instance of the Government of India.It is hoped that by observing the various practices-detailed in this, code, the losses to stored food grainwill be minimized to a large extent, which willfinally result in not only saving to the storageorganizations concerned but also in increasing thefood grain supply of the country.

0.4 In addition to this aspect of improvement ofexisting defective food grain storage structures,the food grain itself has, during handling in transitor .storage, to be looked after carefully and in ascientific manner. Likewise, the structures inwhich food grain is stored have to be of a desiredstandard. Keeping in view all these variousaspects of the subject of conservation of food,grain, the Indian Standards Institution is bringingout a series of standards for handling in transitand storage of food grain and also for the construc­tion of food grain storage. structures. This series

2

at present consists of the following 14 IndianStandard Codes of Practice:

IS: 600-1955 CONSTRUCTION OF Bukhari TYPERURAL FOOD GRAIN STORAGE STRUCTURE

IS: 601-1955 CONSTRUCTION OF Kothar TYPERURAL FOOD GRAIN STORAGE STRUCTURE

IS: 602-1955 CONSTRUCTION OF Morai TYPERURAL FOOD GRAIN STORAGE STRUCTURE

*IS: 603- CONSTRUCTION OF Pev TYPE Ru-RAL FOOD GRAIN STORAGE STRUCTURE

*IS: 604- CONSTRUCTION OF FOOD GRAINSTORAGE STRUCTURES SUITABLE FORTRADEAND GOVERNMENT PURPOSES FOR THENORTHERN REGION

*IS: 605- CONSTRUCTION OF FOOD GRAINSTORAGE STRUCTT.(RES SVITABLE FOR TRADEAND GOVERNMENT PURPOSES FOR THECENTRAL REGION

IS: 606-1955 CONSTRUCTION OF FOOD GRAINSTORAGE STRUCTURES SUITABLE FOR TRADEAND GOVERNMENT PURPOSES I-OR THEEASTERN REGION

IS: 607-1955 CONSTRUCTION OF FOOD GRAINSTORAGE STRUCTURES SUITABLE FORTRADEAND 'GOVERNMENT PURPOSES FOR THESOUTHERN REGION

IS: 608-1955 CONSTRUCTION OF FOOD ~RAINSTORAGE STRUCTURES SUITABLE FORTRADEAND GOVERNMENT PURPOSES FOR THECOASTAL REGION

IS: 609-1955 IMPROVEMENT OFEXISTING STRUC­TURES USED OR INTENDED TO BE USED FORFOOD GRAIN STORAGE

IS: 610-1955 STORAGE OF FOOD GRAIN AND ITSPROTECTION DURING STORAGE

IS: 611-1955 HANDLING OF FOOD GRAIN INTRANSIT

*IS: 612- RE-CONDITIONING OF PARTIALLYDETERIORATED STORED FOOD GRAIN

*IS: 631- CONSTRUCTION OF PRE-FABRICA-TED ALUMINIUM FOOD GRAIN STORAGE BIN

0.5 This standard takes due account of the infor­mation collected from authoritative sources suchas the Directorate of Storage and Inspecti?~,Ministry of Food and Agriculture, and C~VlISupplies Departments of various States WhIChare custodians of food grain stored on behalf of theGovernment. Information has also been collected

.Under preparation.

from various trade agencies associated with thestorage of food grain.

0.6 In this standard, particular attention has beenpaid to the fact that while suggesting methods forimprovement of existing defective food grainstorage structures, it is not either possible oreconomically feasible to re-build entirely thewhole or part of the storage structure. Thevarious practices given in this standard are, there­fore, only of such a nature as could be easilyadopted without bringing about any radical changein the storage structure itself. Nevertheless, itis considered that the changes suggested herein,would be adequate to provide sufficient protectionto the stored food grain from ravages by insects,dampness or moisture and rats. It may also bementioned that the intention in prescribing thevarious practices for improvement and main­tenance of each part of the storage structure is toserve as a guide in the selection of such of thepractices as may be applicable to the storagestructure under consideration.

0.6.1 For easy reference, a classified index isprovided at the end of this standard giving rele­vant clause references pertaining to the variouspractices embodied in this standard for safeguard­ing the various parts of the storage structureagainst the ingress of insects, rats, dampness ormoisture and birds.

0.7 It may be added that this is the first co­operative attempt in India for the formulation ofthis standard, as well as other standards mentionedabove, in the field of food grain storage. Withthe growing popularity of modem methods, it maybe necessary to revise this as well as other standardsin the series in the light of the experience andtechnique that may become available hereafter.The Indian Standards Institution will welcomeany suggestions or comments as a result of suchexperience.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes the Methods forImprovement of Existing Structures Used orIntended to be Used for Food Grain Storage, bothfor bag and bulk storage type. I t is intended tobe chiefly adaptable for Government and tradestorage of food grain.

2. ABBREVIATIONS

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the followingabbreviations shall apply.

2.1 BHC - Benzene hexachloride.

2.2 EDCT - Ethylene dichloride carbon tetra­chloride mixture in the proportion of 3: 1.

2.3 FGSS - Food grain storage structure(s},either for bagged food grain or in bulk.

3

IS : 609 - 1955

0.8 In this standard, it has been assumed thatthe work of improvement of the defective foodgrain storage structure, which will mainly be ofthe nature of repairs, cleaning, levelling of ground,etc, would be done according to the prevailingcodes and, therefore, the various engineering prac­tices connected with such work have not beengiven. However, wherever it has been considereddesirable to elaborate any such practices, care hasbeen taken to include such elaboration in thisstandard.

0.9 This code requires reference to the followingIndian Standard Specifications:

IS: 277-1951 GALVANIZED STEEL SHEETS (Pun;AND CORRUGATED ) (Tentative)

IS: 280-1951 MILD STEEL WIRE (Tentative)IS: 561-1955 BHC DUSTl:'iG POWDERS

-IS: 634- ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE CARBONTETRACHLORIDE MIXTURE (3: 1 ) .

0.9.1 Wherever a reference to any Indian Stan­dard Specification mentioned under 0.9 appears inthis code of practice, it shall be taken as a refer­ence to the latest version of the speci fication.

0.10 In view of the existing practices in thecountry in the field of handling, transportationand storage of food grain, regarding weights andmeasures, measurements appearing in this standardhave been given in maunds and feet. Governmentof India has now decided to introduce a uniformsystem of weights and measures based on themetric system throughout the country. At thetime of revision of this standard, it is expect­ed that definite progress will have been madetowards the general adoption of metric units inthe country, when it would be possible to considerrevising all the quantities used in this standardand to express them in metric units.

·Under preparation.

3. GENERAL

3.1 Structures having mud floor or mud walls orthatched roof or those situated near river or seabottom lands subject to flooding or inundations,shall not be used for the purpose of storage offood grain.

3.2 As far as possible, FGSS shall be at least50 ft (preferably 100 ft) away from factoriesdairies, poultry runs, kilns, cattle pens, styes,slaughter houses, hide curing centres or tanneries,garbage dumping grounds, manure pits, sewagepits and disposal plants, and such other places.the close vicinity of which is deleterious to safestorage of food grain.

3.3 In case o.f inland FGSS, it shall be ascertainedthat, as far as possible, there is sufficient off­street parking and manoeuvring space for vehicles.

IS :.609 - 1955

Likewise, for FGSS situated at ferry heads, docks,etc, care shall be taken to ascertain that sufficientberthing, loading and unloading facilities areavailable.

4. SITE

4.1 Drainage - The site shall be provided withproper drainage.

4.1.1 All existing pools, ponds and. such otherlow level grounds within a radius of 50 'It from theFGSS, where water is likely to accumulate orstagnate, shall be filled up and levelled.

4.1.2 Drains - The open drains within a radiusof 20 ft from the FGSS shall be made of brick orstone masonry or of cement concrete, and' shallbe plastered smooth. They shall slope towardsthe natural fall of the ground and shall be con­nected to an out-fall drain for the ultimate dis­posal of water.

4.2 Cleanliness - Any garbage, weeds, shrubsand other such things which are likely to have adeleterious effect on the stored food grain shallbe removed, and such unhygienic places cleanedup and levelled.

4.2.1 All the branches of trees within a radiusof 10 ft of the FGSS shall be cut off.

4.2.2 Any lumber or such other articles whichmay provide either a path-way or jumping groundfor the rats so as to enable them to reach the FGSS,shall be removed.

4.3 Rat Burrows - All rat burrows whetherinhabited or not by rats in the vicinity of the FGSSor abutting the foundation of the FGSS shall betreated in the manner prescribed in Appendix A.

5. FOUNDATION

5.1 All pits in the ground abutting the foundationshall be levelled, watered, tamped and broughtto the surrounding level of the ground.

6. PAVEMENT

6.1 All round theFGSS abutting the plinth, a pave­ment 5 ft wide and 6 in. thick of either bricks orstone slabs set in lime or cement mortar, or oflime or cement concrete shall be constructed, ifsuch a pavement does not already exist. Thebricks or stone slabs of the pavement shall becement pointed.

6.1.1 The pavement shall slope outside at 1in 10.

7. PLINTH

7.1 All cracks and-crevices in the plinth shall berepaired.

.7.2 All rat holes in the plinth shall be closed withcement concrete mixed with small broken glasspieces roughly 1 in. size ( about 1 lb of glass piecesto 10 cu ft of cement concrete ).

4

8. FLOOR

8.1 It shall be ascertained that the floor is strongand non-yielding and would not transmit damp­ness to stored food grain due to seepage of groundmoisture.

8.1.1 All cracks and crevices in the floor shallbe made up. If the floor has sagged at places,these places shall be dug up and re-built so as tobring them in level with the rest of the floor.

8.1.2 All rat holes in the floor shall be closedwith cement concrete mixed with small brokenglass pieces roughly t in. size ( about 1 lb of glasspieces to 10 cu ft of cement concrete ).

8.1.3 If the floor is either not strong and wouldyield to pressure of stored food grain, or is likelyto transmit dampness to stored food grain due toseepage of ground moisture, it shall be re-madein the following manner:

Dig out the floor to a depth of 16 in. and levelthis dug out surface. Fill the bottom of thisexcavation with a 4 in. layer of earth consistingof gritty or gravelly soil, water and tamp ithard. Over this, spread a 4 in. thick layerof coarse sand, and again water and tamp it.Next, lay a layer of 6 in. thickness of lime con­crete, then a 1 in. thick layer of bitumen, andfinally, It in. thick layer of cement concrete.(This last layer of cement concrete forms thefloor). Lay the floor in alternate panels, notexceeding 10 ft sq with their joints filled withmastic. Plaster the floor smooth.

9. WALLS

9.1 All cracks and crevices in the walls or in theplaster of the walls shall be made up.

9.2 The inside surface of the walls shall be plaster­ed smooth with lime or cement plaster.

9.3 The inside edges of the walls and the cornerswhere they meet the floor and the roof or theceiling shall be rounded off to a radius of at least2 in.

9.4 If walls show signs of dampness. the plasterof inside surface of walls shall be removed and acoat of 1 in. thick bitumen applied. The insidesurface shall then be re-plastered and the surfacerendered smooth.

10. OPENINGS

10.1 Doors - The doors shall be repaired to theextent necessary so that there are no chinks, gapsor spaces in-between the door leaves and also thatthe leaves fit the frame closely.

10.1.1 If the door leaves are made of timber,their lower portions shall be provided withU shaped 24 gauge galvanized steel sheets (seeIS: 277-1951), up to a height of 9 in. from bottomso as to cover both the inner and outer surfaces ofdoor leaves. Also the two edges of the door leavesshall be covered by additional overlapping strips

of galvanized steel sheeting up to a height of 9 in.from the bottom (see Fig 1).

10.2 Windows - The windows shall be providedwith shutters.

10.2.1 Shutters - The shutters for the windowsshall be repaired to the extent necessary so as tofill up all chinks, gaps or spaces in them and fitclosely.

FIG 1 BOTTOM PORTIONS OF TIMBER DOOR LEAVES

10.2.2 The windows, in addition to the shuttersshall be provi~ed with wire netting of t in. meshmade of 0·022 m. (2'!- SWG ) galvanized mild steelwire (see IS: 280-1951).

.10.2.3 In case there are no verandahs, thewindows shall be provided with sun shades ( chaj­jas) on the outer side of the FGSS.

10.2.4 The window sill shall slope outwards.

10.3 Ventilators - The ventilators shall be pro­vided with sun shades ( chajjas ) on the outer sideof the FGSS and their sills shall slope outwards.

10.3.1 If the ventilators have no shutters, wirenetting of 1- in. mesh made of 0·022 in. ( 24 SWG )galvanized mild steel wire shall be provided on allthe ventilators. If there are shutters, they shallbe repaired to the extent necessary, so as \0 fill upall chinks, gaps or spaces and also to fit (" -osely.

10.4 Manhole - The manhole shall be providedwith an iron cover of suitable dimensions so as to

IS : 60~ - 1955

fit tightly with its frame and render the openingcompletely water-tight.

10.4.1 Cover- The cover shall be providedwith a locking arrangement. The inside surface ofthe cover shall be provided with a wooden lining.

10.5 Spout - The spout shall be provided witha shutter.

10.5.1 Shutter - The shutter when closed, shallbe close fitting so as to render the spout air-tight.It shall be provided with a locking arrangement.

11. ROOF

11.1 The roof shall be repaired to the extentneces.sary, so that there is no leakage or percolationof water through it.

11.1.1 Gabled Roof-In case of gabled roof,if there are spaces in between the walls and the roofsheeting, the spaces shall be fitted with wirenetting of t in. mesh made of 0·022 in. ( 24 SWG )galvanized mild steel wire, The roof shall projectsufficiently outside the walls to prevent rain watercoming into the structure.

12. DRAINAGE OF RAIN WATER FROMROOF

12.1 Adequate provision for drainage of rain waterfrom the roof shall be made. If drain pipes arealready built, necessary repairs shall be done tothem and they shall be properly secured at theoff-take as well as to the walls. Their lower endsshall be cut '!- ft short above the ground level andshoes for directing the water to fall away from thewall, provided to them. Below each drain pipe, astone slab of suitable dimensions shall be providedon the ground so that the ground area is not scour­ed due to the water falling through the drain pipe.

13. DISINFESTATION OF VACANT FGSS

13.1 After the FGSS has been improved upon inthe manner prescribed under 12.1 the floor, wallsand the underside of the roof ( or the ceiling) shallbe swept thoroughly clean. It shall then bedisinfested by one of the methods prescribed inAppendix B, before taking any food grain inside.

A-I.I There are a number of products marketedunder different proprietary names which on ex­posure to atmosphere liberate hydrocyanic addgas.. These products are sealed in air-tight con­tainers. Anyone of these proprietary productscould be utilized.

A-I. MATERIAL

APPENDIX A(Clause 4.3)

METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF RAT BURROWS

A-2. PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLINGTHE MATERIAL

A-2.t Hydrocyanic acid gas is an ~xtremely' da,!­gerous poison and so also the mater1al evolvmg d.The material shall, therefore, be handled only byskiUed hands. Anybody who is not trained or isnot confident in handling the material shaU not

5

IS : 609 - 1955

attempt to do so. The material shall not be touchedwith bare hands nor allowedto spill anywhere. Whenthe material is not in use. the lid of the containershall be kept tightly closed and the edges of lid sealedwith plasticine. The lid of the container shall neoerbe opened inside a building, When not in use. thecontainer shall be kept under lock and key in thecustody of a responsible person. After the use ofthe material. the hands. spoons and any other articlewhich may have been contaminated with the materialshall be thoroughly washed and dried. If any articleof food is suspected of having been contaminated withthe material. the article shall be buried under thesupervision of a responsible person,

A-3. PROCEDUREA-3.0 Choose a fairly breezy day for the ope­ration. Still days are dangerous and too much

wind may interfere with smooth handling of thematerial.

A~3.1 Thoroughly wash hands and completelydry them. Take a clean dry piece of cloth andtie it round the face so as to cover the nostrils andthe mouth but not the eyes. Place the containercontaining the material (see A-I). two table­spoons and sufficient quantity of freshly preparedmud near the opening of the rat burrow on itsleeward side. Sit near the opening of the ratburrow with the face turned towards thewindward side. Open the lid of the container,quickly take out a table-spoonful of the material.close the lid of the tin, introduce the powder takenin the spoon into the rat burrow and close theopening of the rat burrow with mud and thenplug with a piece of hard stone.

APPENDIX B(Clause 13.1)

METHODS FOR DISINFESTATION OF VACANT FGSS

B-O. GENERAL

B-O.l Disinfestation of vacant FGSS may be doneby anyone of the three methods. namely dusting•.smoking or fumigation.

B-O.l.l Dusting can be done of any FGSS,smoking only of those FGSS which can be madereasonably air-tight. while fumigation of onlythose which can be made perfectly air-tight.

B-O.2 During anyone of these three operations,no spectator shall be allowed inside the FGSS.

B-1. DUSTING

B-1.1 Material:- BHC dust containing 0·65percent gamma Isomer (see IS: 561-1955).

B-1.2 Equipment

B-I.2.1 Duster - According to the area to bedusted, a hand bellow duster. a rotary dust bloweror a power duster may be used.

B-I.2.2 Dust Respirator, Mask and an Overall­Each operator shall be provided with a suitabledust respirator. a mask to protect his eyes fromthe dust and an overall.

B-1.3 Procedure - Calculate the quantity ofthe material required to be dusted at the rate of8 oz per 100 sq ft surface area of the floor, walls andthe ceiling and weigh out this quantity. Chargethe chamber of the duster according to its capacityfrom time to time with quantities taken out of theweighed material and work the duster in a mannerso that its nozzle is at a reasonable distance fromthe surface to be dusted and the deposit of the

material on the surface is uniform. During theprocess of dusting of a bag storage structure, keepall the openings such as doors, windows, venti­lators, etc, closed, while in case of a bulk storagestructure, manhole may be kept open for permit­ting light.

B-1.4 Precautlcns - The operators shall washand dry their hands, neck and other parts of thebody likely to be exposed when wearing the over­all and the mask, prior to starting the procedurefor dusting (see B-1.3) as well as after it.

B-2. SMOKING

B-2.1 Material- A suitable formulation of BRewhich on ignition gives out smoke charged withBHC fumes. may be used. (A number of suchformulations are available in the market and con­tain instructions for their dosage, method of ig­nition, etc).

B-2.2 Procedure - Close all the openings ofthe FGSS leaving one open for the operator tocome out. Paste strips of gummed paper on, ormud plaster, all the points in the openings fromwhich smoke is likely to escape. Ascertain thatbarring the one opening left open for the operatorto walk out. the FGSS has been made reasonablyair-tight. Take the requisite quantity of thematerial (see B-2.1) and put it on a piece ofgalvanized steel sheet. Place this steel sheet to­gether with the material in the centre of the FGSS.Ignite the material. Wait and ascertain that thematerial has been well-ignited so that it would notlater remain half-burnt, and also that the smokehas started to evolve in copious quantities. Afterascertaining these .points, leave the FGSS through

6

IS : 609 - 1955

the one opening left for the purpose. Close andlock the opening and then mud plaster the chinksin this opening also, ensuring that the smoke maynot escape from any point in the structure. Keepthe FGSS closed till the following morning.

B-3. FUMIGATIONB-3.1 Fumigant - EDCT (see ·IS: 634).B-3.2 Equipment

B-3.:2.1 Gas Mask ( Canister Respirator )- Eachoperator shall be provided with a suitable gas mask.A gas mask of the type given below is consideredsuitable:

A face-piece covering the eyes, nose andmouth, connected to a canister containing ab­sorbent material for the vapours of EDCT, bymeans of a flexible non-kinking breathing tubeand arranged with valves so that all air inhaledby the wearer passes through the canister andthe exhausted air passes direct to the surround­ing atmosphere through a non-return valve.The canister containing the absorbent materialshould have a warning indicating the numberof hours for which it could be used effectivelyin an atmosphere charged with EDCT vapour.

-B-3.2.2 Buckets - sufficient number dependingupon the quantity of the fumigant to be used( see B-3.4 ).

B-3.3 Precautions - Fumigation shall be doneunder the supervision of an experienced and res­ponsib!e person and the operators shall be welltrained. The operators shall wear gas maskswhen handling the fumigant (see B-3.1).

B-3.4 Procedure - Close all the openings of thethe FGSS, leaving one open for the operators tocome out. Paste strips of gummed paper on, ormud plaster, all the points in the openings and in

"Under preparation.'

the FGSS from which vapours of the fumigant arelikely to escape. Calculate the quantity of thefumigant required for the inside space of the FGSSat I the rate of 20 lb per 1,000 cu ft. Take out thiscalculated quantity in suitable number of buckets.Give one bucket to each operator and ask theoperators to quickly throw the fumigant on thefloor, all the operators working simultaneously.After all the quantity of the fumigant has beenthrown on the floor, the operators shall imme­diately leave the FGSS through the one openingleft open for this purpose. Close and lock thisopening. Before locking the opening, ensure thatno operator has been left inside the FGSS. Mudplaster all the possible points of leakage of fumi­gant vapours in this opening. Put danger labelson the structure at various points with the follow­ing minimum cautionary words:

" DANGER - UNDER FUMIGATION"

Ascertain after an hour that no fumigant vapourleaks from any of the points in the FGSS. (Ifthere is leakage from a point, odour like that ofchloroform would-be perceptible there.) Seal suchpoints with strips of gummed paper or mud plaster.Keep the structure closed for at least 48 hours.After the expiry of this period, unlock the openingby which the operators had left the FGSS afterspreading the fumigant, and push or pull it wideopen and run away to a distance not less than50 ft from the opening. Keep it open for at least4- hours. During this 4 hours' period maintain awatch so that nobody is allowed to come withina radius of 50 ft from the opening. After theexpiry of these 4 hours, let two operators ( wearinggas masks) enter the FGSS. They should thenopen all t~.e other openings. The operators shouldthen leave the FGSS. Keep the FGSS open for aperiod of another 6 hours. Do not allow any personto enter the FGSS during these 6 hours.

10.2, 10.2.1 & 10.2.210.3.111.1.1

SAFEGUARDING FGSS AGAINST THEINGRESS OF DAMPNESS, MOISTURE.OR RAINSite 4.1, 4.1.1 & 4.1.2Foundation 5.1Pavement 6.1Floor 8.1.1 & 8.1.3Walls 9.4Doors 10.1Windows 10.2.3Ventilators 10.3Manhole 10.4 & 10~4.1

Roof 11.1 & 11.1.1

SAFEGUARDING FGSS AGAINST THEINGRESS OF BIRDSWindowsVentilatorsGabled'Roof

4.28.1.1

9.1, 9.2 & 9.310.4

10.5 & 10.5.1

4.2.1, 4.2.2 & 4.3... 7.1 & 7.2

8.1.29.1

10.1 & 10.1.110.2, 10.2.1 & 10.2.2

10.3.1

SAFEGUARDING FGSS AGAINST THEINGRESS OF RATS

CLASSIFIED INDEX FOR CL,\USE REFERENCE(Clause 0.6.1 )

SAFEGUARDING FGSS AGAINST THEINGRESS OF INSECTS

SitePlinthFloorWallsDoorsWindowsVentilatars

Site...FloorWallsAlanholeSpout

7

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