Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 544 (1968): Groundnut Oil [FAD 13: Oils and Oilseeds]

IS : 544- 1968 (Superseding IS : 3473 - 1966)

(Reaffirmed 2009)

Indian Standard

SPECIFICATION FOR GROUNDNUT OIL

(Second Revision)

Sixth Reprint AUGUST 2009

(Incorporating Amendment No. 1 and Including Amendments No. 2, 3 & 4)

UDC 665.325.2 © Copyright 1972

B U R E A U OF I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002 Gr 3 November 1968

18•••1968( ....N ....181SI HIS.1_)

Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR

GROUNDNUT OTL

(Second Revision)Oils and Oilseeds Sectional Committee, CAFDC 5

Chairman R9r1mtlittgDRJ. S. BADAMI Swastik Oil Mills Ltd,Bombay

M""lJ"sSUJU V. A. PARIKH (AIUrnal, to

DrJ. S. Badami)DR K. T. ACHAYA Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), Hyderabad

DR G. LAKSHMINARAYANA (AI"",,*)SHRIv. P. ANANTANARAYANAN Directorate of Marketing at Impection (Ministry of

Food, Agriculture, Community Development atCo-operation ), Nagpur

SHRI V. CHANDRAM01JLY (AllmaaII)SBlU R. C. DASGUPTA National Test House, CalcuttaSHRI N.DESIKACHAR The Tata Oil Mills Co Ltd, Bombay

DR B. G. GUNDE (Allmla"}DR K. C GULATI Indian AgriCultural Research Imtitute. New Delhi;

_ Indian Council of Agricultural ReICU'Ch.New Delhi

SRRI H. P. GUl'TA East India Oil Millers Association, CalcuttaSHRI R. R.Ml.!s8ADI ( Altnnal, )

DR G. S. HATTIANGDl Hindustan Lever.Ltd, BombayS·8R1 K. P. JAIN Directorate of Sugar & Vanaspati (Ministry of Food,

. Agriculture, Community Devdopment at Co-ope­ration), New Delhi

SHRI F. G. T. l\f.~NE7.ES ( AlltrIItm)DR S. M. KAJI ltalab Private Ltd, Bombay

SHRIJ. C. DRY (Altnna,.)(Calcutta )

SHRI S. S. HONAVAl\ t ..,tnna,.)( Madras)

SHRI N. S. MAJlIlJ Regional Office, Oilseeds Development (Ministry ofFood, Agriculture, Community Development &Co-oPer'ation), Hyderabad

SRIH HARI8H SETHI (Allmla")DR B. D.NAnA~o Central Committee-.for Food Standards (Ministry of

Health, Family Planning and Urban Develop­ment ), New Delhi

SHRI D. S. CHADHA (All_I,)

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DEUIIIIOOO2

IS1!K4 .lsea

Members Rtpr,muin,

SBBI N. P. NOPANI Bombay Oilseeds and Oils Exchange Ltd, BombaySHRI C. V: MARIWALA (Altmuz/l)

SimI V. M. PAl Godrej Soaps Private Ltd, BombaySHKI B. V. KANTAIl: (AlUrIltIt,) .

SBBI S. S. R.u4A8wAKt The Vanaspati Manufacturers' Association of India,Bombay

Da H. G. R. REDDY Directorate General of Technical Development, NewDelhi

IbPIlUENTATIVlIl Oil Technological Research Institute, Ana'n.,.purSHBI SHill RAM SHAI\MA Solvent Extractors' Association of India, Bombay

SHRI P. P. SHARKA (Altlr/lat,)SIIBI P. V. SBRI"&:ANTA RAO Khadi and Village Industries Commission, Bombay

SHRI P. V. GUJARATHI (AllmtDu)SHIn L. R. SUD Ministry of Defence ( R atD)

SIIBI A. P. CHAKRAVERTY ( AltIrMu)SBBI P. M. TBOMAS Central Warehousing Corporation, New Delhi

SHRI P. RAMDA8 ( Alt,"I4I' )SIIBI D. DA8 GUPTA, Director General, lSI ( Ex-offitio M,mbtr)

Director ( Chern )

.seerllnrySHRIS.SUBRAHMANYAS

Deputy Director (Chern), lSI

Oils and Fats Subcommittee, CAFDC 5:)

CM_r

DR G. S. HATTIANGDI Hindustan Lever Ltd, Bombay

Indian Institute oi Science, BangaloreThe East Asiatic Co (India) Pvt LId, MadrasThe Tala Oil Milia Co Ltd, Bombay

SSRI V. U. MAR!lALLI (AltlrM" toDr G. S. Hattiangdi )

Oa K. T. ACHAYA Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), HyderabadDa G. LAK8HMINARAYANA (Alternate)

SHRI GOJl:ULCBAND J. AGARWAL Bombay Oilseeds and Oils exchange Ltd, BombaySHRI C. V. MARIWALA (Altmlat.)

SIIBI V. P. AlfANTANARAYANAN Directorate of Marketing & Inspection (Mini5try ofFood, Agriculture, Community Development &Co-operation ), Nagpur

SIlKI V. CBANDRAMOULY ( Altt1ll(ltl )SHKI DBURJATI PRASAD BHAT'l'A- Calcutta Chemical Co Ltd, Calcutta

CDARYYASHBI ANIL KUMAR MAJUM-

DAR (AltmIQt')DR H. R. CAllADB K. C. DANDONASHBI N. DESlltACHAR

DR B. G. GUNDE (AI/multi)

( COlltillu,d011pall 9) .

2

Iht K. S. MUHTI

DE H. G. R. R"npy

IS : 544· 1968

( Contmued from pag' 2 )

R,prtsmting

I ndian Soap and Toiletri ..s Makers' Association,Calcutta

Directoratr- of Sugar & Vanaspati ( Ministry of Food,Agriculture, Community Development &Co-operation), 0:ew Delhi

SHI<I Rui- KI~HOHF. ': Alternate iSII':I B.". "'Ionl . The Vanaspat i Manufacturers' Assoc iat ion of India,

BombavTungabhadra Industries Ltd, KumoolDirectorate C,·ncral of Technical Development, New

0<"11"Ministry of Dd,'nee ( R&D)

Panel for Studying Indian Standards onOils and Fats, CArDe 5: I : I

Convene»

DH S. M. l'~TEI. I {industal\ l .r-vr-r Ltd, Hombav

Mt",bus

SUItI V. P. AN~NT"NARAYANAN Oit~CIOtale Ill' Markrtmg & Inspection (Ministry ofFo(~i, Agriclllture , Communitr De veloprnent &Co.opt:rati()ll . Nagpur

SIIRI V. CIIANORI\MCJULY (Alltrr,"I,)SHRI 1'. V. GUJARATHt Kbadi anti VIi!.tge l nd ust r ir s Commission, Bombay

SH," V, n. 1r.:RVATTE (Al/unolt)DE .I. G. K"Nt: In personal cap"uty . Deoartment of Chrmu al Technologv,

Unl1·".\I1y nf Bomb av: Bombay) .SU:RICTARV Central Comrnit tr-r- for Food Standards I. Ministry of

Health, Family Planning and Urban D..velop­rne-nt ), New Delhi

ASSISTANT ~:CRETAHY r Alternate vSHItI P, P. SHARMA ' . Solvcnr Extractors' Association of India, Bombay

Su a t L. D. N.•"AYATI (Ail,ma/,)SlIRI SHIVRAJ B.'HAm'l< Indian V ..getahle Products Ltd, BombaySHRl I. D. SINGH Ministry of Defence ( R & J) )

')

AMENDMENT NO. 2 JUNE 1990TO

IS 544 : 1968 SPECIFICATION FOR GROUNDNUT OIL

( Second Revision )

( Page 4. clause :U.l ) - Substitute the followin. (or the existin.clause:

'2.1.1 Refined Groundnut Oil- Refined groundnut oil meansoil which isobtained by expression or solvent extraction of groundnut oil bearingmaterials, deacidified either with alkali or physical refining or by miscellarefining by bleaching with adsorbent earth and/or carbon and deodorisedwith steam.'

( Page 5, clause 4.3 ) - Substitute the following for the existing clause:

'4.3 Admixture with Other Oils - The material shall be free from admix­ture of other oils.

4.3.1 The material shall be free from non-edible oils when tested inaccordance with 9, 10. 11, 12, 14. 15 and 16 of IS 548 ( Part 2): 1976·..

( Page 7. clause 6.2 ) - Add the following" newclause after 6.1:

'6.2.1 The containers may also be marked with the Standard Mart.NOTE - The u•• of the Standard Mark is loverned by tbe provi.ion. of tbe

Bureau 01 India" Sta"dardJ Aet, 1986 and tbe Rules' and Re,ulation. madetbereuader, The Standard Mark on products covered by an Indian Standardconveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply witb the require­ments of that standard under a well-defined sy.tem of inspection. testinl andquality control which is devised and supervised by BIS and operated by tbeproducer, Standard marked products are also continuously checltcd by BIS forconformity to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of condition. underwhicb a licence for the usc of the Standard Mark may be Ifanted to manufacturer.or producers, may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.'

*Methods of samplinl and test for oils and fats: Part 2 Purity te.t ( thirdrevision ).

(CAFDC S)

AMENDMENT NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 1995TO

IS 544: 1968 SPECIFICATION FOR GROUNDNUT OIL( Second Revision)

( Page 4, Foreword, clause 0.4 ) - Add the following clause 0.5 afterclause 0.4 and renumber the subsequent clause:

'0.5 A scheme for labelling environment friendly products to be known as ECOMark has been introduced at the instance of the Ministry of Environment andForests ( MEF). The ECO Mark shall be administered by the Bureau of IndianStandards ( BIS ) under the BIS Act, 1986 as per the Resolution No. 71 dated 20February 1991 as published in the Gazette of the Government of India vide GSR85(E) dated 21 February 1991. For a product to be eligible for marking with theECO Mark it shall also carry the Standard Mark of BIS for quality besidesmeeting additional optional environment friendly ( EF ) requirements. The EFrequirements for groundnut oil are therefore being included through anamendment,

This amendment is based on the Gazette Notification No. 678 dated 30 August1994 for Labelling Edible Oils, Tea and Coffee as environment friendlyproducts, published by the Ministry of Environment and Forests.'

(Page 5, clause 4.4 ) - Add the following clauses after clause 4.4:

'4.5 Optional Requirements for ECO Mark

4.5.1 General Requirements

4.5.1.1 The product shall conform to the requirements of quality prescribedunder clauses 4.1 to 4.4.

4.5.1.2 The manufacturers shall produce to BIS enviromnental consentclearance from the concerned State Pollution Control Board as per the norrns laiddown under the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974;Air ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1981; Water ( Prevention andControl ofPollution) Cess Act, 1977 respectively, along with the authorization,if required under the Environment ( Protection) Act, 1986, while applying forECO Mark.

4.5.2 Specific Requirements

1

Amend No.3 to IS 544 : 1968

4.5.2.1 The product shall not contain aflatoxin, more than 5 mg/kg, when testedby the method prescribed in Appendix A.

4.5.2.2 The pesticide residues, if any, shall not exceed the tolerance limits asprescribed in the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 and Rules madethereunder.

4.5.2.3 Only permitted antioxidants not exceeding the quantities specifiedagainst each as prescribed under the Prevention ofFood Adulteration Act, 1954and Rules made thereunder, shall be used, if required.

4.5.2.4 The product shall not contain any of the toxic metals in excess of thequantities prescribed in Table 2.

TABLE 2 LIMITS FOR TOXIC METALS

i) Lead, rug/kg,Max 5.0

ii) Arsenic, mg/kg, Max 0.5

iii) Cadmium, rng/kg,Max 1.0

iv) Mercury (total) 0.25mglkg, Max

* Methods of sampling and test for food colours ( second revision ).

S L No. CHARAClCRlSllC REQUIREMENT MElHOD OF TEsT, REF TO

15 of IS 1699 : 1995*

do

do

do

( Page 5, clause 5.1 ) - Add the following clause 5.1.1 after clause 5.1:

'5.1.1 For ECO Mark the product shall be packed in such packages which aremade from recyclable ( that is which can be re-processed to manufacture anyuseful product) or biodegradable materials.'

(Page 7, clause 6.1 ) - Add the following clause 6.1.1 after clause 6.1:

"6.1.1 For ECO Mark the containers shall be marked with the followinginformation:

a) List of identified critical ingredients in descending order of quantity,percent by mass, which shall include 'made from groundnut oil';

b) The brief criteria for which the product has been labelled for ECO Mark;and

c) Shelf life of the product."

2

vxm

G)ooaz(jjiiiCDco

!

Amend No.3 to IS S44 : 1968

(Page 8, clause A-I.I ) - Add the following Appendix after clause A-I.I:

'APPENDIX B(Clause 4.5.2.1)

DETERMINATION OF AFlATOXIN

B-1 REAGENTS

B-I.I Acetone, 70 Percent - 700811 acetone in 300 811 distilled water.

B-l.2 Acetone, 20 Percent - 200 811 acetone in 800 811 distilled water.

B-I.3 Lead Acetate, 20 Percent - 200 g neutral acetate in distilled water and3 811 glacial acetic acid, diluted to one litre.

B-2 PROCEDURE

B-2.1 Dissolve 30 g sample in 100 811 hexane.

B-2.2 Extract with 3 x 50 ml 70 percent acetone.

B-2.3 To the extract add 60 811 distilled water and 20 811 lead acetate.

B-2.4 Boil to reduce volume to 150 ml, Cool to about 20°C.

B-2.5 Filter and wash with 20 percent acetone.

B-2.6 Extract filtrate and washings with 3 x 50 811 chloroform.

B-2.7 Pass chloroform layer through anhydrous sodium sulphate.

B-2.8 Concentrate to 50 811 and spot on TLC plate.

B-3 CALCULATION

. VxsxlOOOAflatoxin, mg/kg =

where

v =volume of extract in 811,

11 =volume of extract giving minimum observable fluorescence in J.l1,

m =mass of sample in g, and

s =standard toxin giving minimum observable fluorescence in ug.'

(FAD 44)

3

AMENDMENT NO. 4 MARCH 2002TO

IS 544: 1968 SPECIFICATION FOR GROUNDNUT OIL(Second Revision)

( Amendment No.3, page 2, clause 4.5.2.1):

a) Substitute '5 ug/kg' for '5 mglkg'.

b) Substitute 'Appendix B' for 'Appendix A'.

(FAD 44 )

1$.544·1968

Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR

GROUNDNUT OIL

(Second Revision)

o. FORE WORD

0.1 This Indian Standard (Second Revision) was adopted by the IndianStandards Institution on 28 August 1968, after the draft finalized by theOils and Oilseeds Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemi­cal Division Council and the Agricultural and Food Products DivisionCouncil.

0.2 India is the biggest producer of groundnuts in the world. The mainproducing states are Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madras,Mysore and Madhya Pradesh. Considerable quantities of groundnut oil(arachis oil), both in the raw and refined state, are used in India for ediblepurposes and for the manufacture of hydrogenated vegetable oil products.The requirements for the various grades of oil have, therefore, been soprescribed in this standard that these grades are suitable for the foregoingpurposes. The oil is also used for pharmaceutical purposes.

0.3 This standard was originally published in 1954. In the first revisionof the standard issued in 1963, the limit for moisture was prescribed to in­clude both the moisture and insoluble impurities, the colour requirementsfor Grade I and Grade 2 of groundnut oil were upgraded and a limit wasfixed for Grade 3 of the oil. The limit of acid value for Grade 2 of the oilwas also modified. As the standard covered only the expressed type of oil,and since there was an urgent need for the formulation of an Indian Stan­dard for the solvent-extracted type, IS: 3473E-1966* was issued as an emer­gency standard based on the data made available to the ad hocConsultativeGroup set up for the purpose. Further modifications to the requirementscovered in this standard were incorporated in the Amendment No. I tothis emergency standard converting it into a normal standard. At thisstage the need for rationalizing the various grades in Path these standardswas keenly felt. This second revision of IS: 544-1954 has been preparedamalgamating its earlier revision and IS: 3473E-1966*. As a consequence,IS: 3473-1966* now stands withdrawn.

*Specification for solvent-extracted groundnut oil. [Superseded by IS: 544 - 1968Specification for groundnut oil (secondrevision) ].

3

a ••.19.

8.4 The requirements laid down in this standard Cor the expressed type ofthe oil correspond to the specifications prescribed by the Directorate ofMarketing and Inspection in their Vegetable Oils Grading and MarkingR.ules, 1955. For the purpose of regulating lhe quality of the solvent­extracted type of this oil, the concerned Indian Standard on the solvent­extracted type of the oil which is incorporat.ed now had been adopted in therelevant schedule of the Solvent-Extracted Oil, De-oiled Meal and EdibleFlour (Control) Order, 1967. In so far as the edible grades are concerned,this standard takes care ofthe provisions ofthe Prevention of Food Adultera­tion Rules, 1954. as modified from time to time.

o.s For the purpose .of deciding whether a particular requirement of thisstandard is complied with. the final value. observed or calculated, express­ing the result ofa test or analysis. shan be rounded off in accordance with15:2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded offvalue should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

t. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of sampl­ing and test for groundnut oil used for edible and industrial purposes.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given under 2 ofIS :548-1964t and also the following shall apply.

2.1.1 &fi'Md G,OIIrulnul Oil- Groundnut oil obtained by the process ofexpnssion or solvent-extraction which has been refined by neutralizationwith alkali, bleached with bleaching earth or activitated carbon 01' both.and deodorized with steam, no other chemical agents being used.

2.1.2 Semi·,ejWd GroJUUlnut Oil- Groundnut oil obtained by theprocess of solvent-extraction which has been neutralized with alkali, andwith or without bleaching with bleaching earth or activated carbon or both.no other chemical agents being used.

3. TYPES AND GRADES

11 The material shall be of the following types and grades:a) Ex/WtSSld

Refined Grade,Grade IA ·(RaW),Grade IB (Raw),andGrade 2 (Raw).

-aula for rounclinl off numerical values ( rffJisM).fMethocla of aampliq and tat for oils .nd ra.. (__).

IS. 544-19m

b) Solvent Extracted

Refined Grade,Semi-refined Grade,Grade I (Raw), and

Grade 2 (Raw).

3.1.1 The Refined Grade groundnut oil of the Expressed and Solvent­extracted types and the Raw Grades IA and IB of the Expressed type aresuitable. for direct edible consumption.

3.1.2 The Semi-refined Grade and Grade I (Raw) of the solvent­extracted type are suitable for making VANASPATI and refined oil, andnot for direct edible consumption.

3.1.3 Grade 2 (Raw) of the Expressed and the Solvent-extracted typesis intended for industrial uses other than for making VANASP.ATI andrefined oil, and not for direct edible consumption.

4. REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Description- The material shall be obtained from good qualitygroundnut cake or from clean and sound groundnuts from Arachis hypogtl!aLinn., fam. Leguminosze, by a process of solvent extraction or from thegroundnut by a process of expression.

4.1.1 Solvent-extracted oil shall be obtained from the oleaginous materialusing solvent hexane conforming to IS: 3470-1966*.

4.2 The material shall be clear and free from rancidity, adulterants, sedi­ment, suspended and other foreign matter, separated water and addedcolouring and flavouring substances.

4.2.1 The clarity of the material shall be judged by the absence of turbi­dity after keeping the filtered sample at. 30°C for 24 hours.

4.3 Adlllixture with Other Oils - The material shall be free fromadmixture with other oils, when tested according-to the methods prescribedunder 20 of IS : 548-1964t . .4.4 The material shall also comply with the requirements given in Table l.

5. PACKING

5.1 The material shall be supplied in suitable well-closed containers, asagreed to between the purchaser and the supplier.

·Specification for hexane, food grade.t1'4e.lhnds of sampling and lest for oils and fats i reoised ],

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6. MARKING

6.1 The containers shall be marked with the name including the type andgrade, and weight of the material in the container; manufacturer's nameand trade-mark; if any; batch number; and the year of manufacture.

6.2 In addition in the case of the types and grades which are not suitablefor direct edible use (see3.1.2 and 3.1.3), the following information shall besuitably marked, either printed on the label affixed to the container orlithographed or stencilled thereon with indelible ink, in a type size of notless than 50 mm:

a) Semi-refined, and Grade I (Raw) of the solvent-extracted type:'NOT FOR DIRECT EDIBLE CONSUMPTION'

b) Grade 2 (Raw) of the expressed and the solvent-extracted types:'FOR INDUSTRIAL NON-EDIBLE USES ONLY'

'I. SAMPLING

7.1 Representative samples of the material shall be drawn as prescribedunder 3 of IS: 548-1964* .

8., TESTS

8.1 Tests shall be carried out as prescribed in IS: 548-1964*, IS: l448tand Appendix A of this standard, reference to which is given in col II of.Table 1.

8.2 Quality ofReagents - Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals anddistilled water (see IS : I070-1960t) shall be used in tests.

NOTE - • Pure chemicals' shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities whichaffect the results of analysis.

*Methods of sampling and test for oil. and fats ( mnsed).tMethoda of teat for petroleum and its products.~Specification for water, distilled quality (rnJisMl).

7

IS: !i44·19fi8

APPENDIX A[Clause 8.1, and Table 1, Item (ii) (b)]

DETERMINATION OF COLOUR AFTER BLEACHINGAND REFINING LOSS

A-I. COLOUR AFTER BLEACHING

A-I.O General- The oil is treated with standard bleaching earth* underprescribed conditions and colour of the bleached oil determined.

A-I.l Procedure- Weigh accurately 200'0 ± O'l g of oil in a roundbottomed three-necked flask. Immerse the flask in a water-bath maintain­ed at 90 to 95°C and slowly bubble carbon dioxide gas through the oil.When the temperature of the oil has reached 90GC, momentarily removethe cork and introduce 2'0 g of the standard bleaching earth-. Start thestirrer and adjust its speed to about 350 rev/min. The bot rom end of thfstirrer should be adjusted to a level at which intimate mixing is ensured.Maintain the temperature at 90cC for 20 minutes and then stop stirring.Remove the flask from the water-hath, allow the oil to cool in an atmos­phere of carbon dioxide and filter the oil through filter paper (WhatmanNo. I or equivalent). Determine the colour readings of the bleached oilin !-in glass cell, using a Lovihond tintometer as dr-scribed in 13 ofIS: 548-1 964t.

'Supplied by the Regional Research Laboratory. Hyderabad.tMNhods of samplmg and te-st for oil. and fats ( retnsed \.

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