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IS 13816 (2009): Fruit and vegetable products -Determination of mineral impurities content [FAD 10:Processed Fruits and Vegetable Products]

IS 13816 : 2009ISO 762 : 2003

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Indian Standard

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS ­DETERMINATION OF MINERAL IMPURITIES CONTENT

( First Revision)

ICS 67080.10

(!;i SIS 2009

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMA NA K BHAVMJ . 9 B AH ADUR SH AH ZAFAR M ARG

NEW DELH I 110002

March 2009 Price Group 3

Processed Fruits and Vegetable Products Sectional Committee, FAD 10

NATIONAl FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (First Revision) which is identical with ISO 762: 2003 'Fruit and vegetable products­Determination of minerai impurities content' issued by the International Organization for Standardization(ISO) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of the Processed Fruits andVegetable Products Sectional Committee and approval of the Food and Agriculture Division Council.

Ttns standard was first published in 1993 based on the earlier version of the International Standard, namely,ISO 762 : 1982 under dual numbering. The first revision of this standard is being brought about to align it withthe latest edition of ISO 762 : 2003 under dual numbering.

The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard withoutdeviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards. Attention isparticularly drawn to the following:

a) Wherever the words 'International Standard' appear referring to this standard, they should be read as'Indian Standard'.

b) Comma (.) has been used as a decimal marker in the International Standard while in Indian Standards,the current practice is to use a point (.) as the decirnal marker.

In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value,observed or calculated, IS to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 'Rules forrounding off numencal values (reVlsed)'.

IS 13816: 2009ISO 762: 2003

Indian Standard

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTSDETERMINATION OF MINERAL IMPURITIES CONTENT

( First Revision)

1 Scope

This International Standard specifies a method for the determinalton of the minerai unpurmes content(impunties generally orig inat ing from the soil) of fruit and vegetable products

2 Principle

Organic matter is separated by flotauon and heavy impunltes are separated by sedimentanon The sedimemis incinerated at approximately 525 "C. and the residue obtained IS weIghed

3 Apparatus

Usual laboratory equipment and. in particular. the follow ing

3.1 Blender

3.2 Beakers. of capaoties 1 000 rnl .

3.3 Filter paper. Whatman No. 41 1) or equivalent

3.4 Incineration dishes. made of Quartz. porcelain or platinum

3.5 Muffle furnace . capable of being maintained at 525 ·C ± 25 ·C

3.6 Desiccator. provided with an efficient desiccant.

3.7 Analytical balance. capable of weighing to the nearest 0.000 2 g

3.8 Heater. gas or electnc

3.9 Sieve. of pore size ca 1 mm to 2 mm

3.10 Stirring rod

3.11 Washing equipment. for washrng out the Impurities (see Figure 1)

1) Whalman No 41 IS an example of a SUitable producl available commerClally ThI s InformatIon 1$ g Iven for theconveruence of users of !hIS tnternanonat Standard and does not cons ntcte an endorsement by ISO of trus product

1

IS 13816: 2009ISO 762 : 2003

4 Preparation of test sample

4.1 General case

Before laking the test portion . thoroughly mix the enure laboratory samp le usmq , if necessary. the blender,) 1) Allow frozen or deep frozen products to thaw In a closed vessel and add the liqu id formed dur ing thisprocess to the product before mixing

4.2 Dried products

MIX the laboratory sample well . Weigh 20 g ± 0,1 g of the product. transfer It to a beaker (3.2) and add 400 mlof filtered tap water Bring to the boil. then leave overnight at room temperature to allow the prod uct torehydrate

5 Procedure

5.1 Test portion

5.1,1 General case

Rapidly weigh 100 g 1: 1 g of the test sample (4.1) Into a beaker (3.2) If the mass of this sample is less than100 9 weigh all of it

5.1.2 Dried products

Use all of the product taken in 4 2 as the test portion.

5.2 Determination

5.2.1 Separation ofsediments

Add filtered tap water to the beaker containing the test port ion (4.1 or 4.2) until the beaker is almost.::omple!ely full MIXby agitating . If necessary using a stlrnng rod (3.10)

Allow the suspension to stand for 5 min . then put the beaker under the water tube as shown In Figure 1

The Important part of the washing equipment (3 11)ls the water tank equipped With a leak tube for equahzrnqthe pressure In the tank . the water level shall be constant and 13 cm high . the overflow leaves the tankthrough the leak tube One or more glass tubes . With 0.4 cm Internal diameter . are connected to the bottom ofthe tank by rubber tubes Their end parts are extruded The distance between the boltom of the tank and thetop end of the glass tube shall be 55 em. the extruded part shall be 1 cm long and ItS mternal diameter shallbe 0 2 ern The opening and closmq of the stream IScontrolled by a clomp Keeping these condrtions the flowrate through one glass tube shall be 200 ml/rnm Put a glass tube filled loose ly With colton- or glass -woolbetween the tap and the tank to retain f1oa:lOgnnpunnes

Immerse the glass tube ,n the beaker conta ining the suspens ion In such pos inon that the no of it IS 6 cm fromthe bottom of the beaker Open the stream and connnue the washing for 35 min to 40 min DUring thrs lim e thefine fragments of plant fibre are washed out . while the sand. other minerai Impur ities and the larger fragmentsof seeds and skins settle . and the water becomes colour less and transparent in the beaker

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Key

water tank

7 leak tube

3 glass tube

4 end part of glass tube

5 clamp

6 co tton - or glass -wool

7 beaker containing the susoension

5 water

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IS 13816: 2009ISO 762: 2003

Dimen s.ons in cen nmetres

8

Figure 1 - Washing equipment

3

IS 13816: 2009ISO 762: 2003

5.2.2 Detltnnination

If. after the washing-out procedure (5 .2.1), there are no visible fragments of plant but only the sand on thP.bottom of the beaker . remove the glass tube from the beaker. Wait for 3 min then decant carefully most of thewater. ClVOIdiog any agitation of the settled fragments. Quantitatively filter the residue through a filter paper(33)

If , after the washing-out procedure (5.2.1) , there remains a lot of plant fibres and larger fragments of seedsdtld plant skins on the bottom of the beaker, decant most of the water . Transfer the residue to a sieve (3.9)whidl IS placed on a porcelain dish having an appropriatesize . Wash the sand into the dish with water. Pourthe water In 100 ml portions to separate the sand from the fragments of skin, seed and fibre. About 1 000 mlwater are needed for this purpose.

5.2.3 Preparation of the dish

Heat the empty Incineration dish (3 .4) in the muffle furnace (3.5) set at 525 ·C. Allow it to cool in thecesccator (3 6) and weigh to the nearest 0,000 2 g. Repeat until a constant mass is achieved.

5.2.4 Incineration

Transfer the filter paper and residue to the prepared incineration dish (5.2.3).

Heat the moneraton dish for a few minutes using the heater (3.8), then transfer it to the muffle furnace (3.5)set at 525 'C lncmerate It for 1 h Cool in the desiccator (3 .6) and weigh to the nearest 0,000 2 g. Repeat untila constant mass ISadlleved

5.2.5 Number of ctec.nninations

Carry out at leasl two determmanons of the same sample.

6 Expression of results

6.1 Calculation

The m,nerallmpunhes content expressed as a percentage by mass . is given by Ihe formula

100t.,., ~ . ,... ). . ..%

"'0

.....here

.". ISthe mass . In gram", of the test portion (5 t) .

" ' . IS the mass . ,n grams 01 the emply dish (5 23).

." . rs Ihe mass In grams. of Ihe dish and monerated residue (5 2 4)

Take as the result Ihe anlhmehc mean of the values obtained in two determinations, prOVIded that lhereqUIrement lor repeatability (6 2) IS satisfied

RepOrt the result to two decImal places

IS 13816: 2009ISO 762: 2003

6.2 Repeatability

The absolute dlHerence between two Independent smg le test results obtained USing tht' same method onIdentical test rnate"al In the same iabor atorv by the same operator usmg the same eqUipment WithIn a short.ntervat of tlrne Will H1 no t more than 5 % of cases be greater than 3 % at the mean value

7 Test report

The test report shall speedy

a) all Information necessary for the com plete ,oen hf lcah0n of the sample .

b) the sampling m ethod used If known

c: the test method used With reference to trus International Standard

d) all operannq details not specifIed In trus rnternanonar Standard or regarded as opnonat together WIth

details of any mordents which may have Influenced the test resun ts) .

e l the test resultts) obtained Or, It the repeatability has been checked . the final quoted result obtained

5

Bureau of Indian Standards

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narrnon.ous deveIOpn 1er1tJ! tri,.· "i'"

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goods and attending to connect,"! .n,tt~··'·, ,. .....

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course of Implementing tne stanriCi"] C' ''''''''';:,''','1·'t,1 'ls such CiS symbols and sizes. type or graDedes.qnations Enqurrre s relat,ng to ccPV.,;:rl: Pc' 1 l:r,'ssed to the Director (Publications), BIS

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are Issued to standards as the "eed anses on the baSIS of comments. Standards arealso reviewed periodically: a standard a i'Jng,·:t f' amendments IS reaffirmed when such review mdrcatesthat no changes are needed, If the reView .no.cates 'flat changes are needed, It IS taken up for rev .s.onUsers of Indian Standards should ascer taio that they are m possession of the latest amentJments oredition by referring to the latest .ssue oiBJS Catalogue' and 'Standards: Monthly Additions'.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No. FAD 10 (1648).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No Gate 01 Issue

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