Irritants
description
Transcript of Irritants
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Irritants
By Dr Romana
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Learning Objectives
• Non-Metallic poisons:s/s,treatment, PM appearance.
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Irritant Poison
• 1 Inorganic Poisons metalic non- metallic 2 Organic Poisons vegetables animals 3 Mechanical Poisons
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Non-metallic poisons
• Phosphorus(Diwali)• Iodine
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Phosphorus
• It exists in two forms Yellow phosphorus Red phosphorus Phosphorescence exposure to air----fumes of phosphoric and phosphorus acid, garlic smell, ------luminous in dark
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• Red phos.mixed with powdered glass is used on the side of the match box. Mechanism of action: a protoplasmic poison,Cell metabo- -lism is decreased,this is known as “necrobiosis”seen in the liver.Glycogen decreases and fat increases.
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Acute poisoning; S/S: GIT• garlic taste in mouth, garlic smell in breath and vomitus• luminosity of vomit and faeces is diagnostic• Skin:slow healing burns.
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Treatment:• Demulcents contraindicated• Stomach wash• Antidote PM appearance:• luminous• smell
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Necrobiosis Ac.Yellow Atrophy• enlarged, later small, wrinkled shrunken liver capsule• Uniformly yellow dirty yellow• Soft,greasy hard,brittle• Fatty deg.ne Necrosis---most -crosis of few cells cells• early poisoning late poisoning
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Viscera preserved for chemical analysis in saturated soln of common salt and not in spirit as luminosity is lost.
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Chronic poisoning
Phossy jaw• fumes• Lower jaw in the region of decaying tooth.• Toothache,swelling jaw,loosening of teeth,necrosis of gum,multiple sinuses,pus,sequestration of bone.
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Iodine Poisoning
• Iodine is present as brown crystals with characteristic odour.
Acute poisoning: Lips and mouth are stained yellow, brown.Vomit and stools are dark, yellow,brown,or blue.
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Chronic poisoning: Prolonged use leads to chronic poisoning called “iodism”.Classical features are headache,acute coryza, bronchial catarrh,conjunctivitis and oedema of face,eyelids which clear up when drug is withdrawn.
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Treatment:• Stomach wash• Demulcents PM appearance:skin rashes,oedema eyes,muc.membrane,lips yellow/brown corrosion of mouth,esop,stomach, oedema glottis.
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Medicolegal:• suicide• vitriolage• Water can be made potable by
adding 5drops of 2%tinture of iodine per litre of water.If cloudy double or four times tinture will be required.
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