Iron Age central and northern Iron Age central and northern Europe
Transcript of Iron Age central and northern Iron Age central and northern Europe
Iron Age central and northernIron Age central and northern Europe:Europe:
Hallstatt, La Tène and the CeltsHallstatt, La Tène and the Celts
SitesSome sites are:
■La Tène, Marin-EpagnierB E h lbi l id■Bern, Engehalbinsel: oppidum
■Jolimont■Manching: oppidumg pp■Mormont■Münsingen, burial field
Petinesca■Petinesca■Basel oppidum■Bibracte, oppidum of the Aedui at Mont Beuvray in Burgundy■Erstfeld hoard■Hochdorf Chieftain's Grave■Bopfingen: Viereckschanze a characteristic rectangular enclosure■Bopfingen: Viereckschanze, a characteristic rectangular enclosure■Fellbach-Schmiden, near Stuttgart: Viereckschanze; ritual objects recovered from a well■Kleinaspergle: elite graves of La Tène I■Waldalgesheim: an elite chariot burial, 4th century■Glauberg, oppidum and elite graves■Dürrnberg near Hallein: Burial field and earthworks of late Hallstatt–early La Tène■Dürrnberg near Hallein: Burial field and earthworks of late Hallstatt early La Tène■Donnersberg: oppidum■Vill near Innsbruck: remains of dwellings■Sandberg Celtic city near Platt and Roseldorf in Lower Austria■Vix/Mont Lassois: oppidum and elaborate graves■Titelberg: oppidum in Luxembourgg pp g■Reinheim: Tomb of a princess/priestess with burial gifts[edit]
Artifacts
Vix kraterSome outstanding La Tène artifacts are:Some outstanding La Tène artifacts are:
■"Strettweg Cart" (7th century BCE), found in southeast Austria, a four-wheeled cart with a goddess, riders with axes and shields, attendants and stags. (Landesmuseum Johanneum, Graz, Austria)
■A woman in Vix (Châtillon-sur-Seine, Burgundy) buried with a 1100 litre (290 gallon) bronze Greek vase, the largest ever found.
■The silver "Gundestrup cauldron" (3rd or 2nd century BCE), found ritually broken in a peat bog near Gundestrup, Denmark, but probably made near the Black Sea, perhaps in Thrace. (National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen), p g )
■"Battersea Shield" (350-50 BCE), found in the Thames, made of bronze with red enamel. (British Museum, London)
■"Witham Shield" (4th century BCE). (British Museum, London) [1] [2]
■"Chertsey Shield (400-200 BCE). (British Museum, London) [3]■"Turoe stone" in Galway, Ireland■Chariot burial found at Waldalgesheim, Bad Kreuznach, Germany, late 4th century BCE. (Bonn: Rheinisches Landesmuseum))■Chariot burial found at La Gorge Meillet (St-Germain-en-Laye: Musée des Antiquités Nationales).■A life-sized sculpture of a warrior that accompanied the Glauberg burials.
A ld d b d l f k t (3 d t BCE) f d t th O id f M hi■A gold-and-bronze model of an oak tree (3rd century BCE) found at the Oppidum of Manching.■Noric steel[edit]Notes
Halstatt CultureHalstatt Culturehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Hallstatt_culture.png
Drawing of Hallstatt grave goodsDrawing of Hallstatt grave goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hallstatt_culture_ramsauer.jpg
H ll t tt b ‘t l’Hallstatt bronze ‘tool’http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Rasoir Acy-Romance.jpgp p g p _ y jpg
Hallstatt amber necklaceHallstatt amber necklacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Magdalenenberg_collier.jpg
Hallstatt and La Tene culturesHallstatt and La Tene cultureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hallstatt.png
Hallstatt (yellow) andHallstatt (yellow) and later La Tène (green) cultureslater La Tène (green) cultures
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hallstatt_LaTene.pngg g
The site and associated burialsThe site and associated burialshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glauberg_plan.jpg
R i f h d dReconstruction of the mound and routehttp://www keltenfuerst de/index 1 htmhttp://www.keltenfuerst.de/index_1.htm
‘C lti i f Gl b ’‘Celtic prince of Glauberg’http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Keltenfürst Glauberg.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Keltenfürst_Glauberg.jpg
Ho it looked before the b rial ith orkshopsHow it looked before the burial with workshopshttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h grh1.gifp _g g
Th ti b d l h bThe timber and log chamberhttp://home bawue de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h grh4 gifhttp://home.bawue.de/ wmwerner/hochdorf/h_grh4.gif
Reconstruction of the grave and its contentsReconstruction of the grave and its contentshttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h_grh6.gif
drinking horns hang on the wall
Reconstruction of grave of Hochdorf chieftanReconstruction of grave of Hochdorf chieftanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochdorf_keltenmuseum0815.jpg
Gold decoration of his shoesGold decoration of his shoeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochdorf_golden_shoes_ornaments.jpg
Drinking horn with gold decorationDrinking horn with gold decorationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochdorf_drinking_horn.jpg
Glauberg
StuttgartStuttgart
Archaeological sites around StuttgartArchaeological sites around Stuttgart
‘Lindele stele’ (123cm)Lindele stele (123cm)http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/Barbarians/Sites/Hirschlanden/Hirschlanden_main.html
Statue (162cm) from StammheimStatue (162cm) from Stammheimhttp://www2.iath.virginia.edu/Barbarians/Sites/Hirschlanden/Hirschlanden_main.html
http://aal.au.dk/fileadmin/www.aal.au.dk/globalisering/nyheder_og_stillinger/papers___documents/osen.pdf
L k N h t lLake Neuchatelhttp://en wikipedia org/wiki/File:Lac de neuchatel jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lac_de_neuchatel.jpg
Hallstatt (yellow) and Celtic (green)http://upload wikimedia org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Celts in Europe pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Celts_in_Europe.png
M t L i h Vi C t f dMont Lassois where Vix Crater was foundhttp://www gzg fn bw schule de/heunebg/vix/bilder/lassois2 jpghttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/lassois2.jpg
Trade routes by land, sea and riverTrade routes by land, sea and riverhttp://www.tresordevix.org/history_en.html
Sites near Vix with rich burialsSites near Vix with rich burialshttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/vixfr.htm#Situation%20g%E9ographique
Plan of the site with a large building ‘palace’Plan of the site with a large building palacehttp://www2.cnrs.fr/presse/communique/1160.htm
Vix craterhttp://en wikipedia org/wiki/File:Cratère de Vix 0023 jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cratère_de_Vix_0023.jpg
Reconstruction of the ‘princess’ tomb’http://www gzg fn bw schule de/heunebg/vix/bilder/grab jpghttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/grab.jpg
H ld tHer gold torquehttp://www gzg fn bw schule de/heunebg/vix/bilder/torque2 jpghttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/torque2.jpg
D t il f th t i d PDetail of the torque: winged Pegasushttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/torque1.jpgp g g g q jpg
Cup made in Athens found in the graveCup made in Athens found in the gravehttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/schale2.jpg