Irini Angelidaki, Kanokwan Boe and Lars Ellegaard.
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Transcript of Irini Angelidaki, Kanokwan Boe and Lars Ellegaard.
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Irini Angelidaki, Kanokwan Irini Angelidaki, Kanokwan Boe and Lars EllegaardBoe and Lars Ellegaard
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Presentation contentPresentation content
• Biogas in Denmark: A typical Centralized Biogas Plant
• Main Results of the investigation
• Conclusions
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Location of Centralized biogas plants in DenmarkLocation of Centralized biogas plants in Denmark
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Typical centralized biogas plantTypical centralized biogas plant
Ribe biogas plantRibe biogas plant
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Full-scale investigationFull-scale investigation
Process stability
Process efficiency
Microbiology
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Potential methods to improve recovery Potential methods to improve recovery efficiency from manureefficiency from manure
- Increase stabilily of the digestion process
- Pre-treatment of incoming substrate (to increase degradability)
- Increase retention time of the manure reactor(s)
- Arrange post-digestion systems (to increase degradation efficiency)
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Stability in Danish Biogas PlantsStability in Danish Biogas Plants
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Apr-02 Jun-02 Aug-02 Oct-02 Dec-02 Jan-03 Apr-03 Jun-03 Aug-03 Oct-03
Date
Tot
al V
FA
(g/
L)
BlaabjergBlaahoejFangelFarsøFilskovGrindstedHashøjLemvigLintrupNystedRevningeSinding-OerreSnertingeStudsgaardThorsø IVaarst-Fjellerad IVegger IÅrhus I
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Correlation between ammonia and VFA.Correlation between ammonia and VFA.
01
234
56
78
0 2 4 6 8Ammonium, g/L
VF
A,
g/L
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Residual methane productionResidual methane production
55oC 25oC 20oC 15oC
55oC
55oC25oC20oC15oC
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Residual methane productionResidual methane production
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0 20 40 60 80 100
Time (days)
ml-C
H4/
ml-s
ampl
e
55 oC
25 oC
20 oC
15 oC
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Residual methane productionResidual methane production
Sluttab - metan
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Sindin
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r Hj. F
eb-0
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Århus
m m
ar-0
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rg ju
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nge
feb-0
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Nyste
d m
ar-0
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Hashø
j jul.0
3
Lem
vig m
ar-0
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ge m
ar-0
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Lint
rup
aug-
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Vaars
t Fj. M
ar-04
Thors
ø feb-
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Blåhø
j mar-0
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Vegge
r feb
-04
Fange
l feb
-04
Studs
gård
feb-o
4
Århus
t m
ar-0
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Filsko
v okt
-03
Met
an (
m3/
m3-
biom
asse
)
tab
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Tab i forhold til praktisk opnåelig produktion
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5
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25
30
%
Termofil
MesofilTerm+mes
Restgastab i forhold til total Restgastab i forhold til total produktionproduktion
>15% 10-15% < 10%
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Temperature and residual methaneTemperature and residual methane
Tab i forhold til praktisk opnåelig produktion
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Blåbje
rg ju
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ø feb-
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aug-
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Lem
vig m
ar-0
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Blåhø
j mar-0
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Vaars
t Fj. M
ar-04
Vegge
r feb
-04
Studs
gård
feb-0
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Filsko
v okt
-03
Veste
r Hj. F
eb-0
4
Nyste
d m
ar-0
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Hashø
j jul.0
3
Fange
l feb
-04
Revnin
ge m
ar-0
4
%
TermofilMesofil
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Distribution of the total methane Distribution of the total methane potentialpotential
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m3
-CH
4/m
3-B
io
Vegger
Hashøj
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j.
Stutg
ard
Nyste
d
Revning
e
Blåhøj
Snertin
ge
Filsko
v
Blabjer
g
Fangel
Lintrup-a
ug-02
Lintrup-a
ug-03
Lintrup-ja
n-03
Ribe
Thorsø
OPTI MAL TOTAL CH4 PRODUCTI ON
Reactor production (on the bottom) After-Storage production (in the middle) Lost production (on the top)
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Main reactor residual methane loss Main reactor residual methane loss versus retention time versus retention time
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30HRT (days)
% r
estid
ual l
oss
Mesophilic plants Thermophilic plant
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Temperature effect on residual biogas Temperature effect on residual biogas potentialpotential
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Post digestion temperature (oC)
Rel
ativ
e ov
eral
l act
ivity
Thermophilic Model curve ThermophilicMesophilic Model curve Mesophilic
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
INCREASING TEMPERATURE
Samples previously incubated at 10 -15C for a long period have been moved to process temperature (37-54C):
Studsgård (R)
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Time (d)
m3 C
H4/m
3 B
ioSpec. Prod. at 54 C Spec. Prod at 15 C
Spec. Prod from 15 C to 37 C spec. Perod from 15C to 54C
Revninge
0123456789
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Time (d)
m3-
CH4/
m3-
Bio
Spec. Prod. At 10 C Spec. Prod at 37 C Spec. Prod from 10 cto 37 C
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONSINNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS
SITUATION:•The majority of the biogas plants have Reactors with good efficiency;
•Many plants are loosing a lot and the gap between the theoretical and the practical potential is still wide;
MAIN OBSTACLE: hydrolysis is the real rate limiting step for the further methanogenesis increase HRT to provide a better substrate hydrolysis
SOLUTIONS: TRADITIONAL
SOLUTIONS
INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS
New process configurataion: Utilization of the After-Storage.
Increase the HRT in main reactor
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
ConclusionsConclusions
• Significant amounts of CH4 are lost (5-30%)
• Plants with HRT< 15 days are lossing more CH4 from the main reactor
• Post-digestion is highly influenced by the temperature
• Post-digestion at low temperature are increasing the total methane potential of the material
• Manure-plants are dominated by Methanosarcina, while sludge plants by Methanosaeta.
Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark
Acknowledgements The study was funded by the Danish Energy Agency,“Development of Renewable
Energy”
The operational staff of the Biogas Plants participating in the investigation is greatly acknowledged
Researchers: Kanokwan Boe Lars Ellegaard Dimitar Karakshlev Damien Batstone Irini Angelidaki
Students: Simone Labo Lucía Fernández García Eva Arler He Zhen Chao Pan Troels Hilstrøm Søren H. Laursen
Technicians: Hector Garcia Majbrit Staun Jensen