Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan A brief introduction Iran to 1979 Shah Pahlavi Relations with US /...
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Transcript of Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan A brief introduction Iran to 1979 Shah Pahlavi Relations with US /...
![Page 1: Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan A brief introduction Iran to 1979 Shah Pahlavi Relations with US / region.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062408/56649f125503460f94c26509/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan
A brief introduction
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Iran to 1979
• Shah Pahlavi
• Relations with US / region
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Iranian Revolution 1979
• Ayatollah Khomeini
• Islamic fundamentalism
• theocracy
• Hostage Crisis
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Iraq to 1980
• 3 main groups– Sunnis
– Shi’as (Shi’ite)
– Kurds
• Ba’ath Party and Saddam Hussein
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“Kurdistan”
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Iran Iraq War 1980 to 88Causes:
• Religion
• Competition for hegemony
• Competition for resources
• Dispute over waterway
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Iran Iraq War
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International support
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Iran Contra Affair
• What???
• Oliver North
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Afghanistan
• Pro Soviet coup and invasion 1978
• Soviet Union’s “Vietnam”
• U.S. support for mujahadin guerilla fighters
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Afghanistan under Taliban
• Policies
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Gulf War 1991 - Chronology
• August 2, 90 - Iraq invades Kuwait
• Nov, 90 - U.N. Security Council Declaration
• Jan 15, 1991 - Operation Desert Storm
• Jan 18, 1991 - Scuds hit Israel
• Feb 28, 1991 - ceasefire
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Issue: What was this war about?
• Oil?
• Stability of region / Turkey?
• Kuwait a province of Iraq?
• Collective Security?
• Refusing to appease a tyrant?
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No Fly Zones
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Schwartzkopf and Powell
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Post 1991 developments
• Growth of fundamentalism
• Al Qaeda and 9/11 attacks
• Bush Doctrine– Afghanistan– Iraq– Iran