IQS232 Datasheet - Configurable 2 Channel sensor with … · o Supply voltage (VDDHI) 1.8V to 3.6V...
Transcript of IQS232 Datasheet - Configurable 2 Channel sensor with … · o Supply voltage (VDDHI) 1.8V to 3.6V...
IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
IQS232 Datasheet - Configurable 2 Channel sensor withCompensation for Sensitivity Reducing Objects
Unparallelled Features:
o Sub 4µA current consumption
o Automatic tuning for optimal operation in various environments & compensation against sensi-tivity reducing objects
The IQS232 ProxSense® IC is a fully integrated two channel capacitive contact and proximity sensorwith market leading sensitivity and automatic tuning of the sense electrodes. The IQS232 providesa minimalist implementation requiring as few as 2 external components. The device is ready foruse in a large range of applications while programming options allow customisation in specialisedapplications.
Main features:
o 2 Channel input device
o Differentiated Touch and Distributed Proximity Electrode
o ATI: Automatic tuning to optimum sensitivity
o Supply Voltage1.8V to 3.6V
o Internal voltage regulator and reference capacitor
o OTP options available
o Direct (logic level) and serial data output
o Low Power Modes (sub 4µA min)
o Adjustable Proximity & Touch Thresholds
o Automatic drift compensation
o Development and Programming tools available
o Small and cost effective SO-8 package
Applications:
o White goods and appliances
o Remote Controls
o Office equipment, toys, sanitary ware
o Proximity detection that enables back light-ing activation (Patented)
o Wake-up from standby applications
o Replacement for electro mechanicalswitches
o GUI trigger on proximity detection.
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
Contents
List of Figures 3
List of Tables 3
Revision History 3
List of Symbols 4
1 Functional Overview 51.1 Pin Outs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.2 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Analogue Functionality 6
3 Digital Functionality 6
4 Reference Design 74.1 Power Supply and PCB Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 Design Rules for Harsh EMC Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5 High Sensitivity 9
6 User Configurable Options 96.1 Configuring of Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7 Description of User Options 157.1 ATI Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.2 Touch Base Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.3 Touch Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.4 Proximity Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.5 Halt time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.6 Proximity Base Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.7 Sensitivity Multipliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.8 Base Multipliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.9 Base Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.10 Charge Transfer Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.11 Streaming mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.12 Noise Detect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.13 Low Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.14 Guard Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.15 Output Logic Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.16 ATI Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.17 ATI Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8 Charge Transfers 20
9 Auto Tuning Implementation 219.1 Full ATI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.2 Partial ATI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
10 Specifications 23
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11 Mechanical Dimensions 25
12 Device Marking 28
13 Ordering Information 28
14 Memory Map 29
15 Contact Information 32
List of Figures
1.1 IQS232 pin-out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 IQS232 Reference Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 EMC Design Choices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.1 LP Modes: Charge cycles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.1 Charge Transfer for IQS232. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011.1 SO 8 Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2511.2 SO 8 Footprint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2611.3 SO 8 Silk Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
List of Tables
1.1 IQS232 Pin-outs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.2 User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 1 (Full ATI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.3 User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 1 (Partial ATI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.4 User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.5 User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.1 Distributed proximity channel’s base values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.2 IQS232 Low Power Mode Timings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1810.1 IQS232 General Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2310.2 Start-up and shut-down slope Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2310.3 POUT and TOUT Characteristics for each I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2310.4 Initial Touch Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2410.5 Repetitive Touch Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2411.1 SO-8 Package Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2511.2 SO 8 Footprint Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2611.3 SO-8 Silk Screen Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Revision History
Rev Description Date0.01 Preliminary March 20121.00 First Release June 20121.01 Update Patent Numbers July 20141.02 Update MOQ March 20151.03 Updated Contact Info and Ref Design November 20161.04 Updated temp rating to −20 °C September 2017
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List of Symbols
ATI Auto Tuning Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5BP Boost Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18CH Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20CS Count(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15CX Sensor Electrode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5EMI Electromagnetic Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7ESD Electro-Static Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7FTB/EFT (Electrical) Fast Transient Bursts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7GND Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5LP Low Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18LTA Long Term Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15ND Noise Detect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13NP Normal Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18OTP One-time Programmable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9P Proximity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16PO Proximity Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5prox Proximity Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16RDY Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5RF Radio Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5SCL I2C Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5SDA I2C Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5t Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11THR Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10TO Touch Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5VDDHI Supply (input) Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5VREG Internal Regulator Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
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IQS232 DatasheetRevision 1.04
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
1 Functional Overview
The IQS232 is a two channel capacitive proximity and touch sensor featuring an internal voltageregular and reference capacitor (Cs). The device has two dedicated input pins for the connectionof the sense electrodes (CX). Two output pins for Touch (for each channel) detection and oneoutput (PO) for proximity detection. The output pins can be configured as Logic outputs or in aserial data streaming option on TO0 (data) and TO1 (clock). The device automatically tracks slowvarying environmental changes via various filters, detect noise and has an automatic Auto TuningImplementation (ATI) to tune the device for optimal sensitivity.
1.1 Pin Outs
GND
CX0
VDDHI
VREG
CX1
TO1/SCL
TO0/SDA
PO0/RF/
RDY
Figure 1.1: IQS232 pin-out.
The IQS232 is pin compatible with the IQS132, but has different electrical characteristics. Refer toSection 10.
Table 1.1: IQS232 Pin-outs
Pin Stand Alone Streaming Function
1 GND GND Ground
2 CX0 CX0 Sense Electrode
3 VDDHI VDDHI Power Input
4 VREG VREG Regulator Pin
5 PO/RF RDY/RF Proximity Output
6 TO0 SDA Touch Output
7 TO1 SCL Touch Output
8 CX1 CX1 Sense Electrode
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IQ Switch®
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1.2 Applicability
All specifications, except where specifically men-tioned otherwise, provided by this datasheet areapplicable to the following ranges:
o Temperature −20 °C to +85 °C
o Supply voltage (VDDHI) 1.8V to 3.6V
2 Analogue Functionality
The analogue circuitry measures the capacitance
of the sense electrodes attached to the Cx pins
through a charge transfer process that is period-
ically initiated by the digital circuitry. The mea-
suring process is referred to as a conversion
and consists of the discharging of Cs and Cx,
the charging of Cx and then a series of charge
transfers from Cx to Cs until a trip voltage is
reached. The number of charge transfers re-
quired to reach the trip voltage is referred to as
the counts (CS). The capacitance measurement
circuitry makes use of an internal CS and volt-
age reference (VREF). The analogue circuitry
further provides functionality for:
o Power on reset (POR) detection.
o Brown out detection (BOD).
3 Digital Functionality
The digital processing functionality is responsi-
ble for:
o Device configuration from OTP settings afterPOR.
o Management of BOD and WDT events.
o Initiation of conversions at the selected rate.
o Processing of CS and execution of algorithms.
o Monitoring and automatic execution of theATI algorithm.
o Signal processing and digital filtering.
o Detection of PROX and TOUCH events.
o Managing outputs of the device.
o Managing serial communications.
o Manage programming of OTP options.
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IQ Switch®
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4 Reference Design
R32K0
R42K0
VDDHIVDDHI
R52K0
VDDHI
R2470R
PO
R1470R
TO0TO1
GND
VREG4VDDHI3 CX0 2
GND1
CX1 8
TO1/SCL 7TO0/SDA 6
PO0/RF&RDY 5
SO-8
IQS232
TO0
TO1
PO
PO
TO0
TO1
R82K0
R72K0
R62K0
VDDHI
SDA to MCU
SCL to MCU
RDY to MCU
GND
C11uF C2
1uFC4100pF
C3100pF
VDDHI
Optional42R2
Figure 4.1: IQS232 Reference Design.
4.1 Power Supply and PCB Layout
Azoteq IC’s provide a high level of on-chip hardware and software noise filtering and ESD protection
(refer to Section 10). Designing PCB’s with better noise immunity against EMI, FTB and ESD in
mind, it is always advisable to keep the critical noise suppression components like the de-coupling
capacitors and series resistors in Figure 4.1 as close as possible to the IC. Always maintain a good
ground connection and ground pour underneath the IC. For more guidelines please refer to the
relevant application notes as mentioned in Section 4.2. Where a system level ESD strike is found to
cause the IC to go into ESD induced latch-up, it is suggested that the supply current to the IQS232
IC is limited by means of a series resistor that could limit the maximum supply current to the IC to
<80mA.
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IQ Switch®
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4.2 Design Rules for Harsh EMC Environments
1) Determine Prox, Touch & Data requirements
2) Choose DeviceRadiated RF
AZD015• Rx > 1k may be required• Long Cx traces not ok• Use RF detection as last
resort
Fast Transient Bursts
AZD051• Rx > 1k may be required• Long Cx traces ok• Careful with Cx pad size• Grounding very NB
Electro-Static Discharge
AZD013• Preferably use Rx of 470• Rather use TVS than higher
Rx to protect• Grounding of TVS NB
Conducted RF
AZD052 • Preferably use Rx of 470• Filtering and grounding of
supply very NB• Traces < 200mm ok
What is the biggest EMC
threat?
START
Figure 4.2: EMC Design Choices. Applicable application notes: AZD013, AZD015, AZD051,AZD052
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
5 High Sensitivity
Through patented design and advanced signal
processing, the device is able to provide extremely
high sensitivity to detect proximity. This enables
designs to detect proximity at distances that can-
not be equalled by most other products. When
the device is used in environments where high
levels of noise exist, a reduced proximity thresh-
old is proposed to ensure reliable functioning
of the sensor. When the capacitance between
the sense electrode and ground becomes too
large the sensitivity of the device may be influ-
enced. For more guidelines on layout, please
refer to Application Note AZD008, available on
the Azoteq web page, visit:
www.azoteq.com
6 User Configurable Options
The IQS232 provides One Time Programmable
(OTP) user options (each option can be modi-
fied only once). The IQS232 can enter stream-
ing mode (I2C debuging) at start-up where the
OTP options can be set and evaluated through
the memory map, refer to Section 14, before
programming OTP setting for stand alone use.
The device is fully functional in the default (un-
configured) state. OTP options are intended for
specific applications. The configuration of the
device can be done on packaged devices or in-
circuit. In-circuit configuration may be limited by
values of external components chosen.
6.1 Configuring of Devices
Azoteq offers a Configuration Tool (CT220 or
later) and accompanying software (USBProg.exe)
that can be used to program the OTP user op-
tions for prototyping purposes. More details re-
garding the configuration of the device with the
USBProg program is explained by Application
Note AZD007: "AZD007 - USBProg Overview"
which can be found on the Azoteq website. Al-
ternate programming solutions of the IQS232
also exist. For further enquiries regarding this
matter please contact Azoteq at:
[email protected] or the local dis-
tributor.
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
Table 6.1: User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 0
ATI Sys Use BASETCH TTHR2 TTHR1 TTHR0 PTHR1 PTHR0bit 7 Bank 0 bit 0
Bank 0: bit 7 ATI:ATI method Section 7.10 = Full1 = Partial
Bank 0: bit 6 System UseBank 0: bit 5 BASETCH: ATI Base Value for Touch Channels Section 7.2
0 = 250 (Less Sensitive)1 = 100 (More Sensitive)
Bank 0: bit 4:2 TTHR2:TTHR1: Touch Thresholds (CH2 independent) Section 7.3000 = 4/64001 = 1/64 (Most Sensitive)010 = 2/64011 = 8/64100 = 12/64101 = 16/64110 = 24/64111 = 32/64 (Least Sensitive)
Bank 0: bit 1:0 PTHR1:PTHR0: Proximity Threshold Section 7.400 = 401 = 2 (Most Sensitive)10 = 811 = 16 (Least Sensitive)
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Table 6.2: User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 1 (Full ATI)
tHALT1 tHALT0 Sys Use TTHR2 TTHR1 TTHR0 BASE1 BASE0bit 7 Bank 1 - Full ATI bit 0
Bank 1: bit 7:6 tHALT1:tHALT0: Halt time of Long Term Average Section 7.500 = 20 seconds01 = 40 seconds10 = Never11 = Always (Prox on 40)
Bank 1: bit 5 System UseBank 1: bit 4:2 CH2 TTHR2:TTHR0: Touch Thresholds on CH2 Section 7.3
000 = 4/64001 = 1/64 (Most Sensitive)010 = 2/64011 = 8/64100 = 12/64101 = 16/64110 = 24/64111 = 32/64 (Least Sensitive)
Bank 1: bit 1:0 BASE1:BASE0: Proximity (CH0) Base Value Section 7.600 = 200 (150 with BASESEL set to Alternative)01 = 50 (350 with BASESEL set to Alternative)10 = 100 (500 with BASESEL set to Alternative)11 = 250 (700 with BASESEL set to Alternative)
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
Table 6.3: User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 1 (Partial ATI)
tHALT1 tHALT0 MUL5 MUL4 MUL3 MUL2 MUL1 MUL0bit 7 Bank 1 - Partial ATI bit 0
Bank 1: bit 7:6 tHALT1:tHALT0: Halt time of Long Term Average Section 7.500 = 20 seconds01 = 40 seconds10 = Never11 = Always (Prox on 40)
Bank 1: bit 5:4 MUL5:MUL4: Sensitivity Multipliers Section 7.700 = Lowest11 = Highest
Bank 1: bit 3:0 MUL3:MUL0: Base Multipliers Section 7.80000 = Lowest1111 = Highest
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
Table 6.4: User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 2
BaseSEL TFRQ STREAMING ND PMODE1 PMODE0 CX1 Block LOGICbit 7 Bank 2 bit 0
Bank 2: bit 7 BaseSEL: Base Select Section 7.90 = Default1 = Alternative
Bank 2: bit 6 TFRQ: Charge Transfer Frequency Section 7.100 = 250kHz1 = 1MHz
Bank 2: bit 5 STREAMING: 2-wire Streaming mode Section 7.110 = Disabled1 = Enabled
Bank 2: bit 4 ND: Noise Detect Section 7.120 = Disabled1 = Enabled
Bank 2: bit 3:2 PMODE1:PMODE0: Low Power Mode Section 7.1300 =9ms (Boost Power Mode)01 = 32ms (Normal Power Mode)10 = 128ms (Low Power 1)11 = 1s (Low Power 2)
Bank 2: bit 1 CX1 Block: Guard channel enable Section 7.140 = Disabled1 = Enabled
Bank 2: bit 0 LOGIC: Output logic select Section 7.150 = Active Low (SW open drain)1 = Active High
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
Table 6.5: User Selectable Configuration Options: Bank 3
Sys Use Sys Use Sys Use Sys Use Sys Use Sys Use Delay Targetbit 7 Bank 3 bit 0
Bank 3: bit 7:2 Sys Use: System UseBank 3: bit 1 Delay: ATI Delay After Prox cleared Section 7.16
0 = 0 seconds1 = 10 seconds
Bank 3: bit 0 Target: ATI Target Counts Section 7.170 = Proximity Channel - 1024; Touch Channels - 5121 = Proximity Channel - 512; Touch Channels - 256
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
7 Description of User Options
This section describes the individual user pro-
grammable options of the IQS232 in more de-
tail. Azoteq can supply pre-configured devices
for large quantities.
Thresholds and other settings can also be
evaluated in Test Mode streaming without pro-
gramming the OTP options. For appropriate
software, visit www.azoteq.com
7.1 ATI Method
The IQS232 can be setup to start in two ways;
Full ATI and Partial ATI. In Full ATI mode, the de-
vice automatically select the multipliers through
the ATI algorithm to setup the IQS232 as close
as possible to its default sensitivity for the envi-
ronment where it was placed. The designer can,
however, select Partial ATI, and set the multipli-
ers to a pre configured value. This will cause the
IQS232 to only calculate the compensation (not
the compensation and multipliers as in Full ATI),
which allows the freedom to make the IQS232
more or less sensitive for its intended environ-
ment of use.
7.2 Touch Base Values
The IQS232 has the option to change the Base
Values of the touch channels during the ATI al-
gorithm. Depending on the application, this pro-
vides the user with another option to select the
sensitivity of the touch channels (along with the
touch thresholds, charge transfer frequency and
the target counts) without changes in the hard-
ware (CX sizes and routing, etc) The default
Base Value 250, and can be set to 100 to in-
crease the sensitivity. The Base Value cannot
be changed independently for each channel.
7.3 Touch Thresholds
The IQS232 has 8 touch threshold settings. The
touch threshold is selected by the designer to
obtain the desired touch sensitivity. The touch
threshold is expressed as a fraction of the LTA
as follows:
TTH = SelectedValue × LTA (7.1)
Where LTA is the Long Term Average The touch
event is triggered based on TTHR, CS and LTA.
A touch event is identified when for at least 2
consecutive samples of the following equation
holds:
TTHR =< LTA − CS (7.2)
With lower average CS (therefore lower LTA)
values the touch threshold will be lower and
vice versa. Changing the target counts of the
touch channels, will also change the value of
the LTA, which affect the counts required for a
touch event. The Touch Threshold for CH0 &
CH2 is set in Bank 0, while the Touch Threshold
for CH1 is set in Bank 1 (when in full ATI-mode).
This enables the designer to set the blocking
channel’s touch threshold independently from
the other two channels, when not using the Par-
tial ATI feature.
7.4 Proximity Threshold
The IQS232 has 4 proximity threshold settings.
The proximity threshold is selected by the de-
signer to obtain the desired sensitivity and noise
immunity. The proximity event is triggered
based on the selected proximity threshold; the
CS and LTA (Long Term Average). The thresh-
old is expressed in terms of counts; the same
as CS. For a proximity event, the CS (counts) of
the prox channel should fall the PTHR value be-
low the LTA for at least 6 consecutive samples.
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IQ Switch®
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7.5 Halt time
The Halt Timer is started when a proximity or
touch event occurs and is restarted when an
event is removed or reoccurs. When a prox-
imity condition occurs on any of the channels,
the LTA for that channel will be "halted", thus
its value will be kept fixed, until the proximity
event is cleared, or the halt timer reaches the
halt time. The Halt timer will count to the se-
lected Halt time (tHALT). If the timer expires, all
outputs will be cleared. It is possible that the CS
could be outside the ATI band (Target +- 160 or
+- 80) when the timer expires, which will cause
a re-ATI event. The designer needs to select a
Halt Timer value to best accommodate the re-
quired application.
20 seconds The halt timer will halt for 20 sec-
onds after the last proximity or touch
event.
40 seconds The halt timer will halt for 40 sec-
onds after the last proximity or touch
event.
Never With the Never Halt option, the filter will
not halt when any proximity or touch con-
dition occurs. This means the LTA will fol-
low the CS and an event will clear when
LTA reaches below the CS + threshold
value.
Always With the ’ALWAYS’ option, the detec-
tion of a proximity event will halt the LTA
for only 40 seconds and with the detec-
tion of a touch event will halt the LTA for
as long as the touch condition applies.
7.6 Proximity Base Value
The IQS232 has the option to change the Base
Value of the distributed Proximity channel dur-
ing the ATI algorithm. Depending on the appli-
cation, this provides the user with another op-
tion to select the sensitivity of the proximity de-
tection without changes in the hardware (CX
sizes and routing, etc). There are 4 available
options, with another 4 options becoming avail-
able when the BASESEL bit is set to alternative.
7.7 Sensitivity Multipliers
Sensitivity multipliers are added after the base
value is selected through the base multipliers.
If the sensitivity multipliers are selected high,
the ATI algorithm could reach the target counts
without adding any compensation, thus render-
ing the device less sensitive. For the same rea-
soning, setting the sensitivity multipliers low, will
add more compensation, and increase the de-
vice sensitivity.
7.8 Base Multipliers
Base multipliers selects the base value of the
ATI algorithm. Thus, if lower values are se-
lected, the algorithm needs to add more sen-
sitivity multipliers and compensation to reach
the target counts, rendering the device more
sensitive. For the same reasoning, the device
will be less sensitive when using higher base
multipliers. Care should be taken when setting
the base multipliers low, as setting them to low,
could cause the algorithm not to reach the tar-
get. Not reaching the target impact the touch
thresholds, as the are derived from the LTA.
7.9 Base Select
The Base Select bit, changes the values of the
proximity channel’s base value options. This al-
lows for a different range of available options,
as illustrated in Table 7.9.
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IQ Switch®
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Table 7.1: Distributed proximity channel’sbase values.
Base Select
0 1
200 150
Bas
e1:B
ase0
50 350
100 500
250 700
7.10 Charge Transfer Frequency
The IQS232 has two available for the charge
transfer frequency. The default (512kHz) is
more sensitive, while the 1MHz option allows for
better immunity against false detection in appli-
cations where moisture could be present near
the sense electrodes. The faster frequency is
recommended for better stability and response
rate in applications with very thin overlays.
7.11 Streaming mode
There is a streaming bit available that allows
for serial data communication on the IQS232.
Streaming is done via an I2CTM compatible 3-
wire interface, which consist of a data (SDA),
clock (SCL) and ready (RDY) line. The IQS232
can only function as a slave on the bus, and will
only acknowledge on address 0x44H. The RDY
line is to be used by the host controller as an
indication of when to start communication to the
device. The RDY line will be low when it is ready
for communication, and it will high when it is do-
ing conversions. The IQS232 will not ack on its
address while the RDY line is high (thus while
the IQS232 is doing conversions).
7.12 Noise Detect
The IQS232 has advanced immunity to RF
noise sources such as GSM cellular tele-
phones, DECT, Bluetooth and WIFI devices.
Design guidelines should however be followed
to ensure the best noise immunity. Notes for
layout:
o A ground plane should be placed under the
IC, except under the Cx lines
o Place the sensor IC as close as possible to
the sense electrodes.
o All the tracks on the PCB must be kept as
short as possible.
o The capacitor between VDDHI and GND as
well as between VREG and GND must be
placed as close as possible to the IC.
o A 100 pF capacitor can be placed in paral-
lel with the 1uF capacitor between VDDHI
and GND. Another 100 pF capacitor can
be placed in parallel with the 1uF capaci-
tor between VREG and GND.
o When the device is too sensitive for a spe-
cific application a parasitic capacitor (max
5pF) can be added between the CX line
and ground.
o Proper sense electrode and button design
principles must be followed.
o Unintentional coupling of sense electrode to
ground and other circuitry must be lim-
ited by increasing the distance to these
sources.
o In some instances a ground plane some
distance from the device and sense elec-
trode may provide significant shielding
from undesirable interference.
However, if interference from RF noise sources
persist after proper layout, see Application
NoteAZD015, the IQS232 has a noise detect
function which will detect RF noise and block
outputs from the device. Different antenna lay-
outs can be used on the RF detect pin (pin
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IQ Switch®
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6) and more details can be found in Aplication
Note AZD015.
7.13 Low Power Mode
The IQS232 IC has four power modes specif-
ically designed to reduce current consumption
for battery applications. The power modes are
implemented around the occurrence of charge
cycle every tSAMPLE seconds (refer to Table
7.2). Lower sampling frequencies yield lower
power consumption (but decreased response
time). During normal operation charge cycles
are initiated approximately every 32ms. This
is referred to as Normal Power Mode (NP).
The IQS232 by default, (before programming
OTP options for power modes) charges in Boost
Power Mode (9ms). The timings for all the
Power Modes are provided in the table below.
While in any power mode the device will zoom to
BP whenever a sampled count indicates a pos-
sible proximity or touch event. This improves
the response time. The device will remain in
BP for tZOOM and then return to the selected
power mode if no further events are detected.
The Zoom function allows reliable detection of
events with counts being produced at the BP
rate. The time, tZOOM, is 5 seconds, however,
the timer will restart upon undebounced events.
This could make the time, tZOOM, apear longer
in noisy environments.
Table 7.2: IQS232 Low Power Mode Timings
Power Mode tSAMPLE (ms)
tBP (default) 9
tNP 32
tLP1 128
tLP2 1000
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IQ Switch®
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Figure 7.1: LP Modes: Charge cycles.
7.14 Guard Channel
When the guard channel (or blocking channel)
is enabled, the other touch outputs from the de-
vice are blocked when a touch condition is de-
tected on CH1 (CH1’s touch output is still ac-
tive). This can prevent accidental activation
when picking up a product, or give a blocking
function against water or other environmental
factors.
7.15 Output Logic Select
The IQS232 can be set to sink or source cur-
rent in stand-alone mode, by setting the logic
output active high or active low. For character-
isation data, please refer to Table 10.3. When
used in Active Low mode, the I/O’s are defined
as software open drain, and requires a 10k pull
up resistor to VDDHI.
7.16 ATI Delay
The IQS232 allows an ATI delay option of 0
seconds (immediately) or 10 seconds after the
Proximity output is cleared (and the countss are
not within the allowed ATI band).
7.17 ATI Target
The default target counts of the IQS232 are
1000 for the proximity channel, and 500 for the
touch channels. However, for some applica-
tion, a less sensitive and lower target is accept-
able, which will also increase the response rate.
Therefore, the ATI Target bit can be set, chang-
ing the targets to 500 for the proximity channel,
and 250 for the touch channels.
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IQ Switch®
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8 Charge Transfers
The IQS232 samples in 3 time slots, with one
internal CS capacitor. The charge sequence is
shown in 8.1, where CH0 is the Proximity chan-
nel, and charges before each of the 2 touch
channels. The proximity channel is realised by
connecting both sense electrodes with internal
switches. Therefore: CH0 is a distributed elec-
trode formed by the 2 touch electrodes.
CH1 0 CH2 0 CH1
CH1 +
CH2
CX0 CX1 CX0
CH0
PROX
Figure 8.1: Charge Transfer for IQS232.
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IQ Switch®
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9 Auto Tuning Implementation
ATI is a sophisticated technology implemented
in all but the first generation ProxSense® de-
vices that optimises the performance of the sen-
sor in a wide range of applications and envi-
ronmental conditions refer to Application Note
AZD027, AZD027 - Auto Tuning Implementa-
tion. ATI makes adjustments through internal
reference capacitors to obtain optimum perfor-
mance. ATI adjusts internal circuitry according
to two parameters, the ATI multipliers and the
ATI compensation. The ATI multiplier can be
viewed as a course adjustment and the ATI com-
pensation as a fine adjustment. The adjustment
of the ATI parameters will result in variations in
the counts and sensitivity. Sensitivity can be ob-
served as the change in counts as the result of
a fixed change in sensed capacitance. The ATI
parameters have been chosen to provide signifi-
cant overlap. It may therefore be possible to se-
lect various combinations of ATI multiplier and
ATI compensation settings to obtain the same
counts. The sensitivity of the various options
may however be different for the same counts.
9.1 Full ATI
The IQS232 implements an automatic ATI al-
gorithm. This algorithm automatically adjusts
the ATI parameters to optimise the sense elec-
trodes connection to the device. The device will
execute the ATI algorithm whenever the device
starts-up and when the counts are not within a
predetermined range. While the Automatic ATI
algorithm is in progress this condition will be in-
dicated in the streaming data and proximity and
touch events cannot be detected. The device
will only briefly remain in this condition and it
will be entered only when relatively large shifts
in the counts has been detected. The automatic
ATI function aims to keep the counts constant,
regardless of the capacitance of the sense elec-
trode (within the maximum range of the device).
The effects of auto-ATI on the application are
the following:
o Automatic adjustment of the device config-
uration and processing parameters for a
wide range of PCB and application de-
signs to maintain an optimal configuration
for proximity and touch detection.
o Automatic tuning of the sense electrodes at
start-up to optimise the sensitivity of the
application.
o Automatic re-tuning when the device detects
changes in the sensing electrodes capac-
itance to accommodate a large range of
changes in the environment of the appli-
cation that influences the sense electrodes.
o Re-tuning only occurs during device opera-
tion when a relatively large sensitivity re-
duction is detected. This is to ensure smooth
operation of the device during operation.
o Re-tuning may temporarily influences the nor-
mal functioning of the device, but in most
instances the effect will be hardly notice-
able.
o Shortly after the completion of the re-tuning
process the sensitivity of Proximity detec-
tion may be reduced slightly for a few sec-
onds as internal filters stabilises. Auto-
matic ATI can be implemented so effec-
tively due to:
o Excellent system signal to noise ratio (SNR).
o Effective digital signal processing to remove
AC and other noise.
o The very stable core of the devices.
o The built in capability to accommodate a large
range of sense electrodes capacitance.
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IQ Switch®
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9.2 Partial ATI
If the ATI Select bit is set to Partial ATI, the touch
threshold for CH2 is the same as for CH1 (see
Section 7.1, CH2’s touch threshold is now also
set in Bank 0). If the ATI bit is not set (default),
CH2 has its own touch threshold. The same
applies to the Proximity channel’s base value,
which is not set in the first two bits of Bank 1
anymore. Instead, the first 5 bits of Bank 1,
changes to Multiplier bits (both Sensitivity and
Compensation). Setting the partial ATI bit is
useful for production devices (after prototyping
has revealed the correct setup) as it decreases
the start-up time of the IC, since the full ATI al-
gorithm is not implemented at from a cold-start.
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IQ Switch®
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10 Specifications
Absolute Maximum Specifications
The following absolute maximum parameters are specified for the device: Exceeding these maxi-
mum specifications may cause damage to the device.
o Operating temperature −20 °C to +85 °Co Supply Voltage (VDDHI - GND) 3.6Vo Maximum pin voltage VDDHI + 0.5Vo Maximum continuous current (for specific Pins) 2mAo Minimum pin voltage GND - 0.5Vo Minimum power-on slope 100V /so ESD protection ±4 kVo Moisture Sensitivity Level MSL 3
Table 10.1: IQS232 General Operating Conditions
Description Condition Parameter MIN TYP MAX Unit
Supply voltage VDDHI 1.8 3.6 V
Internal regulator output 1.8 ≤ VDDHI ≤ 3.3 VREG 1.62 1.7 1.79 V
Boost operating current 1.8 ≤ VDDHI ≤ 3.3 IIQS232BP 148 µA
Normal operating current 1.8 ≤ VDDHI ≤ 3.3 IIQS232NP 80 µA
Low power operating current 1.8 ≤ VDDHI ≤ 3.3 IIQS232LP1 18 µA
Low power operating current 1.8 ≤ VDDHI ≤ 3.3 IIQS232LP2 3.5 µA
Table 10.2: Start-up and shut-down slope Characteristics
Description Condition Parameter MIN MAX Unit
POR VDDHI Slope ≥ 100V/s POR 1.2 1.6 V
BOD BOD 1.15 1.55 V
Table 10.3: POUT and TOUT Characteristics for each I/OSymbol Description Conditions ISOURCE UNIT
VOH Output High voltage VDDHI = 3.3V 5 mA
Symbol Description Conditions ISINK UNIT
VOL Output Low voltage VDDHI = 3.3V 10 mA
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IQ Switch®
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Table 10.4: Initial Touch Times
Description Parameter MIN MAX Unit
BP Report Rate 20 61 ms
NP Report Rate 63 120 ms
LP1 Report Rate 63 216 ms
LP2 Report Rate 63 1088 ms
Table 10.5: Repetitive Touch Rates
DESCRIPTION Sample rate Response Rate UNIT
All power modes 5ms > 15 Touches/second
All power modes 9ms > 8 Touches/second
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
11 Mechanical Dimensions
�
��
�
�
�
�
�
Figure 11.1: SO 8 Package.
Table 11.1: SO-8 Package Dimensions.
Dimension [mm]
Amin 3.75
Amax 4.15
Bmin 4.73
Bmax 5.13
Hmax 1.80
Lmin 5.70
Lmax 6.30
Tmin 0.30
Tmax 0.70
Pitch 1.27
Wmin 0.31
Wmax 0.51
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IQ Switch®
ProxSense® Series
� � ���
�
�
�
Figure 11.2: SO 8 Footprint.
Table 11.2: SO 8 Footprint Dimensions
Dimension mm
Pitch 1.27
C 5.40
Y 1.55
X 0.60
�
�
Figure 11.3: SO 8 Silk Screen.
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IQ Switch®
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Table 11.3: SO-8 Silk Screen Dimensions
Dimension mm
R1 3.20
R2 4.90
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IQ Switch®
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12 Device Marking
REVISION x = IC Revision NumberTEMPERATURE RANGE t = I −20 °C to 85 °C (Industrial)
= C 0 °C to 70 °C (Commercial)IC CONFIGURATION zzzzzzzz = Configuration (Hexadecimal)DATE CODE P = Package House
WW = WEEKYY = YEAR
13 Ordering Information
Orders will be subject to a MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) of a full reel. Contact the official distrib-
utor for sample quantities. A list of the distributors can be found under the "Distributors" section of
www.azoteq.com. For large orders, Azoteq can provide pre-configured devices. The Part-number
can be generated by using USBProg.exe or the Interactive Part Number generator on the website.
IC NAME IQS232 = IQS232CONFIGURATION zzzzzzzz = IC Configuration (hexadecimal)PACKAGE TYPE SO = SO-8BULK PACKAGING R = Reel (2500pcs/reel) - MOQ = 2500pcs
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IQ Switch®
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14 Memory Map
00H
Product Number R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Product Number
Default 0x1F R
01H
Version Number R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Version Number
Default 0x09 R
10H
System Flags R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
System Use LP ATI Busy ND Zoom
Default 0 0 0 R
31H
Proximity Channels R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CH2 CH1 CH0
Default 0 0 0 R
35H
Touch Channels R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CH2 CH1 CH0
Default 0 0 0 R
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IQ Switch®
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36H
System Use R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Default 0 R
37H
System Use R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Default 0 R
39H
Filter Halt R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CH2 CH1 CH0
Default 0 0 0 R
3DH
Channel Number R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Default Current Channel R
42H
Current Sample (CS) R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
High Byte
Default R
43H
Counts (CS) R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Low Byte
Default R
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IQ Switch®
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83H
Long Term Average (LTA) R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
High Byte
Default R
84H
Long Term Average (LTA) R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Low Byte
Default R
C4H
OTP Bank 0 R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Details in Table \ref
Default R/W
C5H
OTP Bank 1 R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Details in Table \ref
Default R/W
C6H
OTP Bank 2 R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Details in Table \ref
Default R/W
C7H
OTP Bank 3 R/W
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Details in Table \ref
Default R/W
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IQ Switch®
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15 Contact Information
USA Asia South Africa
Physical Address 6507 Jester Blvd Rm2125, Glittery City 109 Main Street
Bldg 5, suite 510G Shennan Rd Paarl
Austin Futian District 7646
TX 78750 Shenzhen, 518033 South Africa
USA China
Postal Address 6507 Jester Blvd Rm2125, Glittery City PO Box 3534
Bldg 5, suite 510G Shennan Rd Paarl
Austin Futian District 7620
TX 78750 Shenzhen, 518033 South Africa
USA China
Tel +15125381995 +8675583035294 +27 21 863 0033
ext 808
Fax +15126728442 +27 21 863 1512
Email [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Please visit www.azoteq.com for a list of distributors and representations worldwide.
The following patents relate to the device or usage of the device: US 6,249,089; US 6,952,084; US 6,984,900; US
7,084,526; US 7,084,531; US 8,395,395; US 8,531,120; US 8,659,306; US 8,823,273; US 9,209,803; US 9,360,510; EP
2,351,220; EP 2,559,164; EP 2,656,189; HK 1,156,120; HK 1,157,080; SA 2001/2151; SA 2006/05363; SA 2014/01541; SA
2015/023634
IQ Switch®, SwipeSwitch™, ProxSense
®, LightSense™, AirButton
TM, ProxFusion™, Crystal Driver™ and the
logo are trademarks of Azoteq.
The information in this Datasheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. Azoteq uses reasonable effort to maintain the information up-to-date and accurate, but does not warrant the accuracy, completeness or reliability of the information contained herein. All content and information are provided on an “as is” basis only, without any representations or warranties, express or implied, of any kind, including representations about the suitabili ty of these products or information for any purpose. Values in the datasheet is subject to change without notice, please ensure to always use the latest version of this document. Application specific operating conditions should be taken into account during design and verified before mass production. Azoteq disclaims all warranties and conditions with regard to these products and information, including but not limited to all implied warranties and conditions of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title and non-infringement of any third party intellectual property rights. Azoteq assumes no liability for any damages or injury arising from any use of the information or the product or caused by, without limitation, failure of performance, error, omission, interruption, defect, delay in operation or transmission, even if Azoteq has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The applications mentioned herein are used solely for the purpose of illustration and Azoteq makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Azoteq products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. No licenses to patents are granted, implicitly, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. In the event that any of the abovementioned limitations or exclusions does not apply, it is agreed that Azoteq’s total liability for all losses, damages and causes of action (in contract, tort (including without limitation, negligence) or otherwise) will not exceed the amount already paid by the customer for the products. Azoteq reserves the right to alter its products, to make corrections, deletions, modifications, enhancements, improvements and other changes to the content and information, its products, programs and services at any time or to move or discontinue any contents, products, programs or services without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information and binding Terms and Conditions please refer to www.azoteq.com
www.azoteq.com/ip
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