INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF OPEN-GRADED FRICTION COURSES IN WISCONSIN
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Transcript of INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF OPEN-GRADED FRICTION COURSES IN WISCONSIN
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byRichard E. Root, P.E.
Root Pavement Technology, Inc.
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Task 1 Literature ReviewTask 2 Cost AnalysisTask 3 General Review of
Wisconsin Accident DataTask 4 Develop Recommended
Procedures for OGFC Construction
Task 5 Final Report
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Develop Recommended Procedures for OGFC Construction
Mixture DesignConstruction PracticesAcceptanceDraft Specifications
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Following the completion of Task 1, a preliminary report will be prepared on the possible use of OGFC mixtures in Wisconsin. Work on the project will be temporarily halted at this point. The preliminary report will be reviewed by the TOC and a decision will be made on the future direction of the WHRP project. The following three options will be considered:
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1. If the literature review looks promising and the TOC supports that position, work will continue on the project according to this proposal.
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2. If the literature review indicates that the use of OGFC in cold weather is not a good idea and the TOC concurs, the project will be halted.
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3. If the literature review indicates that the use of OGFC in cold weather is not a good idea and the TOC concurs, consideration will be given to adjust the research proposal to look at the use of a modified SMA mixture to provide some of the benefits of OGFC with out the problems.
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Freeze early and last to thaw Difficult to remove snow and ice Surface subject to snow plow damage May need special deicing chemicals Require more treatments Cold weather and plows may accelerate raveling
Possible issue on bridge decks Problems with transitions to normal surface
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Country Life - years
Europe 10
Australia 8-10
England* 7-10
Denmark 7
France 8-12
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Country Life
Denmark 5 years
England* 86 percent
Australia 38-60 percent
Europe 50-80 percent
May be extended by cleaning the pores.
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Approximate 15 percent increase in yield
Most agencies give it no credit in the pavement structure
May require special pavement marking
Requires more marking material Limited construction season
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Fine Graded HMA
Coarse Graded HMA
SMA
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Safety and the Law?Requires best practices on all projects
Where to use?High traffic to aid in cleaning mixture and justify added cost
Areas with high frequency of wet weather accidents
Balance against possible increase winter accidents
Should not be used on short segments or bridge decks
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Construction issues?Requires paving at higher ambient temperature
High traffic areas may require night work Service Life?
Expect a substantial reduction in life compared to standard mixtures and/or SMA
Functional life significantly less than service life
Requires more construction and could result in more construction related accidents
Failure can be quite rapid at end of service life (worst case weeks)
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Costs?Mixture 50 to 80 percent more than standard mix
Functional life less than half standard mix
Higher construction costs – markingsHigher winter maintenance costs
Repairs?Not ease to repair damage section of mix without losing drainage capabilities
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Part 1Draft report submitted to TOCWaiting for responses from three states on current usage of OGFC
Reviewing references for added information for report
TOC review Part 1 report and provide guidance on the need for Part 2
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Information is already available The recommendations would be presented in a table format
Responses from three of four key sources along with recommendation
Example
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Item NCAT NCHRP 9-41 TTI Study Recommend
Mixture Design
Compaction
Gyratory 50 25 35 35
Marshall 50 - - -
Construction
Min Temp 60 70 60 60
Rolling Design voids
3 passes 1 pass 3 passes
Acceptance
Binder % NCAT oven Nuclear NCAT oven Recordation
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