Introduction to Women’s Health Care
description
Transcript of Introduction to Women’s Health Care
![Page 1: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to
Women’s Health Care
![Page 2: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Women’s HealthWhat does a teen girl need to know? What in the world is a women’s
health exam?
Why would anyone have one?
Do I need one?
![Page 3: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Rachel Sieman, CNMCertified Nurse-Midwife
![Page 4: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Nurse MidwifeMidwife: “with woman”
Women’s Health CarePregnancy and
Birth
![Page 6: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Women’s Health CareAnnual exams and PAP testsBirth controlSTD testing and treatmentCommon problems
Pregnancy and BirthPrenatal careBirth
![Page 7: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Everything you need to know(but were afraid to ask) Why do I need an exam? When do I need one? Who will do my exam? What will happen?
![Page 10: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Why does anyone need an exam? Screening for breast and cervical
cancer Common gynecologic problems Family planning STD testing and treatment
![Page 11: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Why? Breast Cancer Screening Lifetime risk is 12.8%
This is one out of every eight women!
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women (skin cancer 1st)
Lung cancer is leading cause of cancer death in women, breast cancer is second
![Page 12: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Breast Cancer Risk FactorsNon-Modifiable ModifiableBeing femaleAgingFamily historyGenetic RisksPersonal historyCertain types of breast cancerMenstrual historyRace
Reproductive historyOral contraceptivesHormone replacementAlcoholWeight
*Injury to the breast is NOT a risk factor
![Page 13: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Breast Cancer Facts Early diagnosis is the key to
surviving breast cancerNearly 97% of women who are
diagnosed with breast cancer at an early stage survive for more than 5 years
Breast cancer occurs when there is erratic cell growth and proliferation in the breast tissue
![Page 15: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Normal Breast Structure
![Page 16: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Cancer vs. Non-cancerMalignant(cancer)
Non-malignant(not cancer)
Invades, compresses and destroys normal tissue
80% of breast lumps
Cells may break away to form new tumors
Do not invade or spread
Life-threatening Not life-threatening
![Page 17: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Breast Cysts Fluid-filled sacs within the breast May become enlarged and tender just
before your period Not cancer, but any new lump should
be checked out by a health care provider
Treatment: possibly decreasing caffeine
![Page 18: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Early Detection Methods:3 ways to catch breast cancer early Screening Mammogram
Yearly for women over 40 Clinical Breast Exam
Performed by a doctor, nurse practitioner
or nurse-midwifeYearly for women >40Every 3 years for women 20-39
Breast Self Exam (BSE)Monthly
![Page 20: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mammogram X-ray of the breast to detect breast
cancer
Can detect a lump before it can be felt
Studies demonstrate that mammograms reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer
![Page 21: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
How to do a Self Breast Exam (SBE)
![Page 24: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
When to contact your health care provider You feel a lump There is a change in your skin
DimplingRetractionLooks like an orange peelRed, warm, swollen
Your breasts hurt, and it’s not related to your cycles
Nipple discharge when you are not pregnant or breastfeeding
There is anything that concerns you
![Page 25: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
A word about nipple piercing Potential complications
Infection, can be severeNerve damage*Blood-filled cystScarring, including keloid formationCan contract hepatitis B or C, or HIV (rare)Allergic reaction to the metal Damage to the nipple if pulledNeed to remove to breastfeed, may leak
breast milk through piercing hole
![Page 26: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Why? Cervical cancer screening
Abnormal cells on the cervix that multiply out of control
![Page 27: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Most cases of cervical cancer caused by HPV virus
Human Papillomavirus Common virus: more than 100
subtypes 30 of these sub-types are sexually
transmittedHigh-risk strains cause cervical cancer,
cancer of the tonsils and throat** Low-risk types cause genital warts
![Page 28: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
How common is cervical cancer? Most common sexually transmitted
infection 11,000 new cases each year 3,600 women die each year
(that’s 10 per day in the U.S.)
Worldwide, the 2nd most common type of female cancer
![Page 29: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Cases of Cervical Cancerhave decreased 75% in last 50 years in the U.S.
![Page 30: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Surviving Cervical Cancer: better screening is key
Overall 5-year survival rate for women diagnosed with cervical cancer, regardless of stage - 73%
Screening done with PAP testCells collected from cervixLooked at under microscope
![Page 31: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
How common are abnormal PAP test results?
Abnormal Pap test results are quite common
They are usually only slightly abnormal
If followed up and treated early, you can prevent the abnormality from turning into cervical cancer
![Page 32: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
When do I need a PAP test?
Starting at age 21 Every year until age 30 After age 30, if you have had
only normal results, you may have them every 2 to 3 years (after talking with your health care provider about your level of risk)
![Page 33: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Why do I need to keep getting tested?
PAP testing is not a one-time test
New changes (abnormalities) can occur after you get tested, even if you have not had new partners
It could take many years for changes to develop or to be noticed
Your risk changes if you have new partners, or if your partner has other partners *
![Page 34: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
When should I have my first women’s health exam? Age 21 When sexually active (or considering
it) Women’s health problem
![Page 35: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Women’s health problems Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Periods more often than every 3 weeksPeriods less often than every 6 weeksBleeding between periodsPeriods that last longer than a weekVery heavy periods (soaking a pad per hour)
Painful PeriodsCramps that interfere with your lifestyleHeadaches that occur with menstruation
PMS
![Page 36: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Other reasons to see a health care provider Breast lump or pain Vaginal itching, burning, or odor Painful urination, or blood in your
urine
Testing for STDs Family planning (birth control) Pregnancy care
![Page 37: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Who will do my exam? Women’s health provider
Physician or physician’s assistantNurse practitionerNurse-midwife
Male or Female
Physicians and Midwives also deliver babies
![Page 39: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The GYN exam and PAP test: What to Expect First things first
WeightBlood pressure
![Page 40: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Lots of Questions(while you are still dressed) Know the first day of your last
menstrual period Medical history (asthma, diabetes,
etc.) Surgical history (tonsils, etc.) Menstrual history Sexual history Problems you want to address
![Page 41: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
General exam
Breast exam
![Page 42: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Positioning for the PAP test and pelvic exam
![Page 43: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
The Pelvic Exam with PAP testExternal exam
Examine external anatomyInternal exam: 2 parts
1. Speculum ExamExamine vaginal walls and cervixPAP test and testing for STD’s can be done
2. Bimanual Exam Feel uterus and ovaries
![Page 44: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Instruments Speculum
Collection devices and liquid medium
![Page 45: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Speculum Exam
![Page 46: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
What is a PAP test?
Cells are collected from the surface of your cervix by a health care provider
![Page 47: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Bimanual exam
![Page 48: Introduction to Women’s Health Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062218/56816676550346895dda140f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
What now?