Introduction to WAP Protocol ISSUE1[1].1

7/29/2019 Introduction to WAP Protocol ISSUE1[1].1

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Service and Software Curriculum Development Section

ISSUE

OEL011001 Introduction toWAP Protocol

1.1


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2Confidential Information of Huawei.No Spreading without Permission. Security Level: Internal

Review

Which services have you ever had with your

mobile phone ?

What do you think about the data service today?


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Why do we need WAP?

The requirement of consumer

Communicating at anytime and anywhere

Browsing the Webpage to get more information

The development of the network

Internet become more popular

Mobile consumers increase more quickly than PC users

The synergetic tendency of PC & MT (PDA)


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Why do we need WAP?

internet

BTS BSC/PCU

GGSN/Gi

SGSN

GPRS Backbone

NAS

1 Poor CPU function2 Little Storage

3 Limited power

consumption

4 Small screen

5 Different Terminal.

1 Narrow bandwidth

2 Long delay time

3 Poor continuality & stability

4 Unpredicted Utilization1 Large storage;

2 Big screen;

3 Short delay time ;

4 Stability network;

and etc.

SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node

GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node

NAS: Network Access Server

PCUPacket Control Unit


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Objectives

Know the concept of WAP

Know the WAP Evolution

Know the Structure of WAP Stack

Upon completion of this course,you will be able to:


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References

infoX-WAP GW User Manual

Training Slides


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Course Contents

Chapter 1 Basic Concept of WAP

Chapter 2 WAP Evolution

Chapter 3 WAP Stack


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Basic Concept

WAP is an abbreviation for Wireless Application Protocol.

WAP specifies an application environment and a set of

network protocols.

It enables mobile phones, pagers and Personal Digital

Assistants (PDA) to access the Internet and other data services.

WAP is the de-facto standard that enables enterprises to

provide market-differentiating services to the users of mobile

devices. This gives them a powerful tool to be competitive in

the market place and also increase their revenues.


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Basic Concept

WML: WAP Markup Language. The WML presentation for

multimedia messaging offers the same sequencing and

layout capabilities as with browsing.

HTML: Hypertext Mark-up Language. A Standard Generic

Mark-up Language used for WWW documents. Defined by

IETF RFC 1866 (Version 2).

XHTML: eXtensible Hyper Text Mark-up Language. A

more standard generic HTML, which used XML syntax.


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WAP Applications

As a global wireless protocol for all network types and multiple

wireless devices, the WAP enables MSs to access Internet

contents and advanced data services.

The WAP technology has been widely applied in various

services, such as:

Browsing news on the Internet.

Receiving Emails.

Obtaining information such as latest stock condition and weather

broadcast.

Downloading new mobile phone games and ringing tones.


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Course Contents

Chapter 1Basic Concept of WAP

Chapter 2WAPEvolution

Chapter 3 WAP Stack


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Development of WAP

1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

XHTML

1.0 1.1 1.2 2.0WAP

HTML

2G 2.5G 3G

OMA

Phase of WAP1.X Phase of WAP2.0 Phase of OMA


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Bearer of WAP

2G mobile communication system

GSM: Global System for Mobile communications,

CDMA IS95: also called CDMA, Code Division Multiple Access,

2.5G mobile communication system GPRS: General Packet Radio Service system, which developed

based on GSM

CDMA 1X: the upgraded one of CDMA IS95

3G mobile communication system

WCDMA: Wideband CDMA,


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WAP 1.X Stage

Narrow bandwidth for network data transmission (GSM CSD

9.6KB)

Poor network QoS: Excessive access delay and exclusive

occupation of speech channel by the data service lead to the

incompatibility of voice and data services.

Small mobile terminal screen, and poor color display

capability

The disadvantage of the 2G radio network includes:


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Confidential Information of Huawei.No Spreading without Permission. Security Level: Internal

WAP 2.0 Stage

Broader data transmission bandwidth

Increasingly improved network service quality .

Support HTTP/TCP/XHTML

The wireless data transmission technology developed

greatly in the 2.5G radio network:


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WAP 2.0 Stage

Support MMS/Provisioning/Pictograms/UAProf

Provisioning: pre-configuration capability of networkparameters and service parameters of the client.

Pictograms: small pictures

UAProf: User Agent Profile ,the capacity of mobile station

software/hardware.

The wireless data transmission technology developed

greatly in the 2.5G radio network:


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OMA Stage

OMA : Open Mobile Alliance

The WML and HTML are standardized to the XHTML.

The SP and CP become one uniform provider of the

fixed/mobile Internet service support.

Internet-related protocols gradually take the place of the

WAP1.X protocol stack.

Customized and non-customized Push services become rather

significant.


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Summary

Therere three stages during the development of WAP,

WAP1.X

WAP2.0

OMA

This follows the development of network.

2G

2.5G

3G


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Chapter 3 WAP Stack

3.1 WAP Protocol

& Internet Protocol

3.2 WAP1.X protocol stack

3.3 WAP2.0 protocol stack


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WAP VS Internet

HTMLJavaScript

HTTP

TLS - SSL

TCP/IPUDP/IP

Wireless Application Protocol

Wireless ApplicationEnvironment (WAE)

Session Layer (WSP)

Security Layer (WTLS)

Transport Layer (WDP)

Other Services andApplications

Transaction Layer (WTP)

SMS USSD CSD IS-136 CDMA Etc..

Bearers:

Internet


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WWW Model

ServerHTTP

Server

contents

Client

Web

Browser

Request Content

Response


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WAP Model

The WAP gateway waits for the WWW text protocol response tothe original request, receives the response via TCP/IP and then

reformats it back to the binary WAP protocols.The WAP gateway sends the reformatted response to the WAPclient via WDP.


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Chapter 3 WAP Stack

3.1 WAP Protocol

& Internet Protocol




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WAP1.x stack


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WAP1.x stack

WSP: Wireless Session Protocol

WTP: Wireless Transaction Protocol

WTLS: Wireless Transport Layer Security

WDP: Wireless Datagram Protocol


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WSP

OSI Session layer level protocol

Based on HTTP

Provides services to WAE

Uses services of WTP in connection-oriented mode and

WDP/WTLS in connection-less mode

Most suited for browsing type applications


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WSP Function

Establish a reliable session from client and server

Common level of protocol functionality using capability

negotiation

Exchange content between client and server using compact

encoding

Suspend and Resume on need basis

Unsolicited content Push from server to client


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WTP

Provides services for interactive (request/response) of

applications

Reliable delivery of the transaction

Provides services to WSP

Uses services of WDP/WTLS


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WTP Function

Reliability is achieved through transaction identifier ( TID )

and retransmission

Concatenation- Multiple protocol data units in one Service

data unit of transport


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WTLS

The WTLS protocol ensures the security of the transmission

layer, including:

Ensuring consistency and security of data transmission.

Providing authentication mechanism.

Discarding unverified data.

Conducting encrypting.


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WDP

WDP (Datagram)

provides a connection-less, unreliable datagram service

WDP is replaced by UDP when used over an IP network layer

Reliable delivery of the transaction

Provides services to WTP


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Chapter 3 WAP Stack

3.1 WAP Protocol

& Internet Protocol




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WAP2.0 stack


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HTTP* Protocol

The HTTP* protocol has the following features:

Being completely compatible with the HTTP 1.1 (RFC2616).

Supporting Pull and Push services.

Supporting compressing response message bodies to improveair transmission efficiency.

Supporting establishing security channels in the CONNECT

mode to ensure end-to-end security.


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TCP* Protocol

The TCP* protocol is compatible with TCP-related protocols

(RFC0792, RFC2211 and RFC2581), and supports

optimizing the TCP (WP-TCP).

As a transmission layer protocol, the TCP* protocol adopts

the sliding window technology to ensure reliable data

connection.


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WAP2.0 function

WAP Push

User Agent Profile ( UAProf )

Provisioning

Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)

Pictogram


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Questions

Whats the difference between WAP1.X & WAP2.0?


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Answers

WAP2.0 is more similar to Internet Protocol,

and its stack is more simple.


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Summary

As we studied the WAP protocol, you should

know:

WAP developed through three stages

The protocol stack of different stage


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