Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright...
Transcript of Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright...
![Page 1: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter 1Chapter 1Introducing Social
Psychology
![Page 2: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
PowerPoint Presentation
Prepared By
Fred W. Whitford
Montana State University
![Page 3: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter Outline
I. What is Social Psychology?
![Page 4: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
Social influence is the effect that
words, actions, or mere presence of
other people have on our thoughts,
feelings, attitudes, or behavior.
![Page 5: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
Social Psychology is defined as the
scientific study of the way in which
people’s thoughts, feelings, and
actions are influenced by the real or
imagined presence of other people.
![Page 6: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
Other people can influence us either
through direct attempts at
persuasion, or more indirectly
through their presence and the
transmission of cultural values.
![Page 7: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• The Power of Social Interpretation
Social psychology is distinct from other
social sciences because of its emphasis
on people’s construals, or personal
interpretations.
![Page 8: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• How Else Can We Understand Social
Influence?
We can understand social influence
through journalists, instant experts, and
social critics.
![Page 9: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• How Else Can We Understand Social
Influence?
Social psychology is distinct from
philosophy because it is an empirical field.
![Page 10: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• Social Psychology Compared with
Personality Psychology
Individual differences are defined as the
aspects of people’s personalities that
make them different from other people.
![Page 11: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• Social Psychology Compared with
Other Social Sciences
![Page 12: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter Outline
II. The Power of Social Influence
![Page 13: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
The Power of Social Influence
• Understanding the Power of Social
Influence
People are prone to the fundamental
attribution error, the tendency to
overestimate the role of traits and
underestimate the role of the situation in
determining people’s behavior.
![Page 14: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
The Power of Social Influence
![Page 15: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
The Power of Social Influence
• The Subjectivity of the Social Situation
Behaviorism is a school of psychology maintaining that to understand human behavior, one need only consider the reinforcing properties of the environment.
![Page 16: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
The Power of Social Influence
• The Subjectivity of the Social Situation
Gestalt Psychology is a school of psychology stressing the importance of studying the subjective way in which objects appear in people’s minds, rather than the objective, physical attributes of the object.
![Page 17: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter Outline
III. Where Construals Come From:
Basic Human Motives
![Page 18: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Where Construals Come From
• The Self-Esteem Approach: The Need
to Feel Good about Ourselves
Self-esteem is a person’s evaluation of
their own self-worth.
![Page 19: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Where Construals Come From
• The Social Cognition Approach: The
Need to Be Accurate
Social Cognition is how people think
about themselves and the social world.
![Page 20: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter Outline
IV. Social Psychology and Social
Problems
![Page 21: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Social Psychology and Social
Problems
Whereas social psychologists are
often motivated by curiosity to study
social behavior, they are also
motivated by the desire to help
resolve social problems.
![Page 22: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Social Psychology and Social
Problems
Example: Social psychologists have
contributed important insights to
AIDS education and prevention.
![Page 23: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What do social psychologists
study scientifically?
![Page 24: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What are some examples of social
influence?
![Page 25: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What is contained in a person’s
construal of the world?
![Page 26: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
Although they may share the same
questions, what advantages
does social psychology have
over folk wisdom and philosophy
in answering these questions?
![Page 27: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What do sociologists study?
![Page 28: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
Which branch of psychology
studies how individual
differences between people
explain their behavior?
![Page 29: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What are some examples of
individual differences?
![Page 30: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What is the fundamental
attribution error?
![Page 31: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What are some consequences of
committing the fundamental
attribution error?
![Page 32: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
According to behaviorism, what
do we need to consider to
understand human behavior?
![Page 33: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What has Gestalt psychology
contributed to social
psychology?
![Page 34: Introduction to Social Psychology presentation 1€¦ · Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Power of Social Influence •The Subjectivity of](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042613/5f8be0f3dcd0a073c0294b8f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Aronson Social Psychology, 5/e
Copyright 2005 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Study Questions
What is the relationship between
people’s motive to be accurate
and their expectations about the
social world? What can result
from people’s expectations?