Introduction to Romantics

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Introduction to Romantics

1798-1832

+The Beginning?

Disagreement history,

literature Book starts with Lyrical ballads (Coleridge / Wordsworth) 1789 - Burns and Blake because they were more similar to the

Romantics than the Restoration. Agreement – ending date – 1832 – Parliamentary Reforms in

1789 – 1832 French Rev. began in 1789

+ADJECTIVES/THE ROMANTIC PERIOD1798-1832

Turbulent RevolutionaryFrustratingIdealisticRadical changes in life and thinking

Changes/reforms sometimes violent; sometimes peaceful.

New focus = common man Search for ways to improve

which sometimes resulted in frustration.

+6 Characteristics/Traits of Romantic Poetry

Ideal A perfect situation. Romantics admired the pursuit of the ideal, of attempting to perfect what

they could.

+6 Characteristics/Traits of Romantic Poetrycontinued

Individual The power of one person to affect change, to make a difference (good or

bad) in people’s lives and the world.


Imagination The power of the mind to go “outside the box.” To delve into a realm outside of logic, and the ability of the mind to

CREATE .


Intuition The FEELING one has about something that cannot be explained through

logical reasoning.


Nature – The belief that Nature should be respected, revered, almost worshiped; Humans should strive for a “oneness” with Nature. If the unity/union between humanity and nature is broken, a

“disconnectedness” prevails and carries over into human relationships; If allowed to continue, a breakdown of society could follow.


Supernatural The belief that forces exist beyond human comprehension (that can’t be

explained through logic). Anything religious or spiritual falls into this category.

+Romantic Period Discussion

The Romantic Period began with the publication of Wordsworth’s _____________________________________.

1798-1832

Lyrical Ballads

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Which two Romantic poets published a book of poetry together at the beginning of the Romantic Period? _______________________________ _______________________________

Which two poems published in that book are considered among the most important in English literature? _______________________________ _______________________________

Romantic Period Discussioncontinued …

ColeridgeWordsworth

Wordsworth’s “Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey”Coleridge’s “Rime of the Ancient Mariner”

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What political uprising happened in Europe at the beginning of this time period that affected the writers and their works? _______________________________________

Which six poets dominated the Romantic era? _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________


French Revolution - 1789

BlakeWordsworthColeridgeShelleyByronKeats

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Which of those six were considered first generation? ______________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________

Which of those six were considered second generation? ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________


BlakeWordsworthColeridge

ShelleyByronKeats

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An age of revolution began in American in the year _____________ with the _______________________________. This spirit spread across Western Europe, releasing _____________________________________________ forces that produced some of the most radical changes inhuman life.

How did the American Revolution specifically affect England? ________________________________________________________

Which revolution affected England most—the American or the French? ______________ Why? ______________________


1776 American Revolution

political, economic and social

Loss of economy, prestige, and confidence

French Europe is unstable and nearer to England.

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For the ruling class of England, the French Revolution came to represent their worst fear: __________________________________

Not all of England hated the French Revolution. Democratic idealists and liberals like ___________ backed it.

However, many supporters of the French Revolution were disillusioned by: ______________________________________ _____________________________________________________


Overthrow of an anointed king by democratic rabble.

Wordsworth

September massacre – killing of 100’s of French aristocrats by guillotine. Commoners became the tyrants.

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______________________ first emerged as a dictator of France, then as an _________. His name is synonymous with the word ______. He was as ruthless when he executed king himself.

Napoleon’s navy was defeated at the Battle of _______________ in 1805 and at ________________ in 1815 by the __________________________.

What happened to society because of the effects of the Industrial Revolution? A shift in _______________________, the population of ________

increased, and appalling __________________conditions.


Napoleon Bonaparteemperor

tyrant

Trafalgar Waterloo (Belgium)English/British allies

manufacturing citieshousing/living

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Communal land was taken over by ________________________ which resulted in large numbers of _______________________. Because of this they migrated to the __________.

The economic philosophy that kept all this misery going was a policy called ____________, which means ________________________.

The result of this policy is that the rich grew _______ and the poor grew _______, suffering even more.


individual private landownershomeless/landless peoplecities

laissez-fairelet it alone/let people do as they please.

richerpoorer

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Frustrated by England’s resistance to political and social change, the Romantic poets turned from the formal, public verse of the eighteenth century Augustans to a more private, spontaneous ________________________________.


lyric poetry

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Three useful meanings of the term “Romantic:” Term signifies a fascination with _______ and ____________,

with “growing up” by _______________ and _____________ to trust our _________________ and our sense of will and dignity.


youth innocenceexploring learning

emotions

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Term refers to stage in cyclical development of societies: stage when people need to ______________________________ in order to imagine better. This definition is associated with ____________.

Western societies reached the conditions for industrialization. This demanded that people acquire a stronger awareness of _______________ and that they find ways to ________________ to it.

The Romantic poets were often called ______ poets.


question tradition and authorityidealism

change adapt (or die)

nature

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The ROMANTIC VIEW of nature is NOT HOSTILE. The Romantic poets had a strong sense of the __________________________ of the natural world. Their concept of nature might be called PSYCHOLOGICAL because they believed that the mind of man is a ____________ to the __________________________________ of nature.

The ____________ is also a kind of desire, a motive that drives the ______ to ______________ and ____________ it cannot learn by rational and logical thinking.

Wordsworth says that a poet is a man ________________ to men.


mysterious qualities/forces

mirrorfairest and most interesting properties

imaginationmind learn know things

speaking

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Wordsworth also says, “A poet is someone who writes a poem in which there is a man ‘speaking to men’ in order to _____________________________________________.

The _________ in the poem is different from the poet. This ________ speaks to someone or something else.

Not only does a reader need to imagine that the “speaking” is taking place, but a reader needs to consider ___________ of speaking is taking place.


accomplish something else (listen to content, believe, change mind, appreciate nature, etc.

speakerspeaker

what kind

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The speaking in lyric poetry is not the Augustan reasoning in verse. It is a more _______________________ speaking from the __________________.

The artful illusion of the voice of the speaker (the poet tries to accomplish through the speaker) conveys certain ___________ or _____________________.

The speaker of the poem is seen as an __________________ which is a very democratic idea.

Poetry during this period is to be about human _______________ about the fundamental relationship between the ______________ (including the _________ and ______________ and other ________________ and ______________.


passionateheart

truthsideas

ordinary person

experiencemind

heart imaginationpeople things

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The speaking in a lyric poem must be ___________________.

The poet is a __________________ person, with more sensibility enthusiasm, and tenderness. He is also a ______, an inspired revealer and _______________. He brings “the whole _____________ of man into activity by employing that synthetic and magical power … the _________________.” He has also been called a ___________________ to all men, pouring out a __________________ upon the world.

The poet is someone that _______________ cannot do without.


convincing/believable

special and adoredbard

teachersoul

imaginationphysician

balm

human beings

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Define LYRIC POETRY. Use the handbook of literary terms from the back of your literature book to find this answer: _______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________


Poetry that focuses on expressing emotions or thoughts rather than on telling a story.Melodeons (musical qualities) activated through rhyme, alliteration and onomatopoeia.

Introduction to Romantics

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