INTRODUCTION TO PIRACY & MARITIME SECURITY...Sights: Adjustable iron sights, 100m – 800m...

Copyright 2008 – INTERNATIONAL ARMOUR Co. – All rights reserved

PIRACY & MARITIME SECURITY

INTRODUCTION TO

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PIRACY AN ANCIENT RISK

WITH MODERN

FACE

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Maritime security has become an important requirement for merchant vessels in today‟s time.

Increasing shipping piracy threats have resulted in huge losses for shipping conglomerates around the world.

In order to tackle this problem successfully, many security Companies have started to provide maritime security

services, which are custom made for the present modern piracy at sea.

Across the world, there are many such maritime security Companies which command a unique respect for the

stellar security services they offer.

AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

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But, what is this that makes today a maritime security Company trustable?

What are the criteria that you must set in order to decide if this or that maritime security Company is good and

effective in all your demands?

What you expect a maritime security Company to fulfill in order you feel safe and secure?

Maritime Security it is not just another business. Maritime Security it is based on knowledge, methodology,

correct equipment, technology, accuracy, the well trained personnel and the high experience of the managers of

the Maritime Security Company.

AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

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With the aid of maritime protection offered under such qualifications, shipping conglomerates can be assured of

plenteous security to its crew and cargo. Oceanic navigation routes are necessary and cannot be done without.

Since shipping piracy has become an unchecked evil in certain water parts and is spreading towards other

oceanic networks, opting for maritime security services has become a choice that cannot be overlooked

So, Think well before you decide WHO will keep your property and your crew safe!

AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

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While pirate attacks grow increasingly common, international transport and shipping companies lack the

ability to adequately protect entire fleets.

It is estimated that damages tied with the consequences of piracy and Terrorism may cost shipping

companies millions of dollars each year, while causing critical harm to the company's image and inflicting

physical and psychological damage to the employees and their families.

AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

Piracy & Armed Robbery Map , early 2012 Actual Attack Attempted Attack

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Over the last few years there has

been a significant rise in the

number of ships being assaulted

and hijacked in various locations

around the world by the pirates.

AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

Originally, they operated close to the coastline, but have extended their range over 500 miles the past year,

using "mother ships" from where they deploy their small speedboats. These mother ships are ocean-seized

trawlers.

Capture of a vessel usually means that the pirates take control of that vessel and deviate it to small coastal

towns.

The crew members are generally Not harmed, although resistance Is treated harshly and quite a few Injuries

and deaths have resulted.

However, the main purpose of the hijackers

is to obtain a substantial cash ransom for

crew and vessel.

First light & last light are the most common

times of day when the pirates attack.

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AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

"Modern" Pirates are operating from small ports and are well equipped with AK-47 automatic rifles, RPG's and

machine-guns, navigation systems and proper communication devices.

AK47

Weight: 5.21 kg (11.5 lb) with loaded magazine

Length: 870 mm (34 in) fixed wooden stock

875 mm (34.4 in) folding stock extended

645 mm (25.4 in) stock folded

Barrel length: 415 mm (16.3 in)

Cartridge: 7.62×39mm M43/M67

Rate of fire: 600 rounds/min

Muzzle velocity: 715 m/s

Effective range: 400m (440 yd) semi-automatic

300m (330 yd) full automatic

Feed system: 10, 20 , 30 , 40, 75, or 100-round detachable box and drum style magazine

Sights: Adjustable iron sights, 100m – 800m adjustments, 378 mm (14.9 in) sight radius

RPG

Weight: 7 kg (15 lb)

Length950 mm (37.4 in)

Caliber: 85mm

Muzzle velocity:115 m/s

Effective range: 200m

Maximum range: ~ 920 m (1000 yd) (self detonates)

Sights: PGO-7 (2.7x) and UP-7V Telescopic sight) MA

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AN UPDATE ON PIRACY

In all missions, the procedures that an on board team is following are

according to the MARSEC Company SOP‟s (standard operating

procedures and BMP4/ Best Managing Practices for Protection against

Somalia Based Piracy) and in full cooperation with the Master of the

ship.

Through Operation Centers and from the very first moment that a team embarks a vessel, the MARSEC

Company is live monitoring, tracking and recording vessel‟s position and condition in cooperation with the on

board personnel (7d / 24h) and according to its mission protocol.

Team provides to crew members a basic training (before deployment in the high risk zone) in

order to be in preparedness on any "surprise drill.”

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Protocols & Security Procedures

ON BOARD SECURITY TEAM TH

E TE

AM

TEAM

LEADER

DEPUTY

TEAM LEADER

PERSONNEL PERSONNEL

A team on board is usually constituted by 4 armed

guards.

1

2

3 4

On board team will conduct all necessary preparations to reinforce Vessel’s security.

Under Master’s approval will conduct Drills with the participation of the Crew to optimize

security level.

Also, team will conduct drills for its own training and familiarization with ship, under Master’s

approval.

SECURITY PREPARATION ON BOARD TH

E TE

AM

Master will indicate the CITADEL (a safe place in ship) that all crew will

move in the event of attack by pirates.

If a boarding by pirates is imminent (the protection of the vessel by the

security team has failed), Master and remaining bridge crew is to seek

shelter in the citadel too, so that all crew is present in the citadel.

CITADEL

A Well citadel is designed and

constructed to resist a determined pirate

trying to gain entry. Such a space would

probably have, but not be limited to, its

own self-contained air-conditioning,

emergency rations, water supply, good

external communications; emergency

shut-down capability for the main and

auxiliary engines and remotely operated

CCTV cameras as well as basic hygienic

facilities.

Appoint a safe place

(Citadel) in ship

THE

TEA

M

CODE GREEN

CODE YELLOW

CODE RED

SHIP SAFE

SUSPICIOUS SIGHTING

ATTACK IMMINENT

All non-essential crew to Citadel

All Crew to CITADEL

CREW IMPORTANT NOTICE

Ale

rt C

od

es

THE

TEA

M

CODE GREEN

CODE YELLOW

CODE RED

WEAPONS UNLOADED

WEAPONS LOADED

WEAPONS READY TO FIRE

All non-essential crew to Citadel

All Crew to CITADEL

WEAPONS STATES

Ale

rt C

od

es

THE

TEA

M

During any periods of heightened security, and when transiting High Risk Areas, firearms and ammunition

are to be issued to the security team (according SOP).

Authorization for the issue of weapons and ammunition is to be given by the Master of the vessel.

TEAM OPERATIONS ON BOARD TH

E TE

AM

Team will remaining alert (in arms – following SOP procedures) throughout the transit, while will check to

Company‟s operating center, close authorities and ship Owners/Charterers both at predetermined intervals

and in case of emergency.

TEAM OPERATIONS ON BOARD TH

E TE

AM

Hig

h R

isk

Are

as

GREEN shading represents a

reduced likelihood of pirate activity,

while RED represents a higher

likelihood of pirate activity.

HIGH RISK AREAS

Indian Ocean

DANGER ZONE REACTION PLAN UNDER MASTER’S APPROVAL

ETA (approx. values)

12 miles 30 minutes

6 miles 15 minutes

400 yards 1 minute

6 Miles

Unknown Vessel or

Activity within 12 miles

- YELLOW ZONE -

SURVEILLANCE

Unknown Vessel or Activity

within 6 miles

- ORANGE ZONE -

MONITORING CPA

T/L AT BRIDGE / VHF CALLS

SEARCH LIGHT / FLARES

Unknown Vessel or Activity

within 400 Yards

- RED ZONE -

ENGAGEMENT

WARNING SHOTS

Conversion Table (approx. values)

12 miles 24,000 yards

6 miles 12,000 yards

400 yards 0.2 miles

400 Yards

Hig

h R

isk

Are

as

THE UNEXPECTED!

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Y EV

ENTS

It is recommended that any persons or companies operating in the Gulf of Aden, Horn of Africa or Somali

Basin be familiar with the content of IMO Maritime Safety Committee Circulars 1332, 1334, and the

United Nations Guidance on Surviving as a Hostage.

Be aware that piracy in the Somali region differs from other regions in two main areas.

1. As we already mentioned, pirates attack the ship, mainly to capture it and its crew for ransom, but also

for looting, or robbery of belongings and equipment onboard.

Thus any successful acts of piracy will inevitably result in a protracted period of captivity for the crew

onboard.

2. Somali pirates consider the act of piracy as a business, and recognize that unnecessary harm or injury

to the crew is counter-productive and may harm their negotiations or the amount of ransom received.

To date the level of violence against ships crews is relatively low when compared to other regions around

Africa.

PIRACY IS A BUSINESS, MARITIME SECURITY IT IS NOT!

THE UNEXPECTED

If your vessel has

been pirated!

PIR

AC

Y EV

ENTS

Try to remain calm!

Weapons may be brandished or used during an attack.

To date, all indications have been that such actions are designed to intimidate ships Masters into submission,

and not actual violence against the ship or crews.

If your ship is pirated, a calm cooperative approach to the pirates will assist in reducing the level of violence,

and potential for accidents.

Remember, immediately after a successful attack, the pirates may be concerned that military forces may

attempt to retake the vessel.

They will be keen to establish their authority, and will Reinforce

their numbers as quickly as possible.

It is important at this stage that you do not cause any

increase in tension with the pirates, as this may result

in injury or harm to yourself.

REMAIN CALM!

PIR

AC

Y EV

ENTS

If your vessel has been pirated, accept that you may be held in captivity for an extended period of time.

Typically periods of detention range from 6 to 12 weeks, but may last considerably longer depending on the

success of the negotiations.

You should:

Reassure the pirates that you will not be a cause of concern against them.

Seek to maintain the best possible living conditions onboard – negotiate this if necessary with the pirates.

Remember as many as fifty or more pirates may live onboard during your period of captivity.

They will take living spaces, however by being reasonable; you can

maintain good conditions for yourself and your crewmates.

Formulate a positive physical and mental exercise routine.

This will help you cope with captivity; maintain your well being

and help pass the time productively. Try to maintain a regular

sleep pattern.

ACCEPTANCE

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Y EV

ENTS

Cooperate with pirate demands.

Remember, negotiations will be ongoing while you are in

captivity.

As part of these negotiations, the pirates may stage

violence or acts of intimidation, to try and bolster their

demands.

They may also demand you pose for photographs, or

muster on deck in clear view. This can often be to prove

you are still alive and well.

These actions are part of the negotiation process and you

should not resist. Try to maintain a positive mental

attitude, and be as good humored as possible.

You are less likely to be the subject of abuse or violence if

you are „liked‟ by your captors.

COOPERATE WHEREVER POSSIBLE!

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Alert your family and relatives at home to the possible

dangers that exist.

This may cause some upset, but by discussing these

matters openly before you transit the area, you will help

them deal with your captivity if your ship is pirated.

You may be forced (or asked) to make contact with your

family while you are in captivity.

You may be told to inform your family that things are

worse onboard then they really are.

By discussing such matters in advance, the impact on

your loved ones at home will be less then if they are

unprepared and do not understand what is happening.

BE PREPARED

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Y EV

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Khat is a common drug used in the Somali region.

If the pirates onboard your vessel use this or other drugs, you should be careful to avoid any confrontations

whilst they are under the influence of such substances.

You should not be tempted to take drugs, other than for legitimate medical conditions, whilst in captivity.

The taking of drugs may offer temporary relief, however the negative effects of withdrawal symptoms and

increased tension due to cravings could result in unnecessary violence from your captors.

AVOID DRUGS

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Y EV

ENTS

Do not get involved in disputes between your captors.

Remember the pirates may have fears about other pirate groups in addition to normal tensions regularly

experienced in the region.

Such tensions or fears may result in squabbles or fights between the pirates.

Try to remain removed during such arguments.

DO NOT INTERFERE

PIR

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Y EV

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Be aware that the ransom payment process is very stressful for the pirates and they may be more agitated

than normal.

Try to avoid contact with the pirates at this time.

Confine yourself to established routines and behavior patterns so as not to attract unnecessary attention

on you.

It may be some days after payment before you are released.

Do not expect to be released immediately.

BE PATIENT

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Y EV

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Contribute to a post incident debrief as soon after your release as possible.

The information you provided could assist you in dealing with what you have experienced, and will aid the

authorities to gain as clear a picture as possible regarding the tactics and methods employed by the pirates.

TAKE PART

This information can assist in preventing or dealing with future

attacks.

Try to remember as much as possible about the pirates.

Their actions, equipment, mannerisms, communications

onboard and off-board, weapons carried, numbers onboard,

routines, personnel changes etc.

Relay this information during the post incident debrief to help

the authorities

PIR

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Seek advice and support on your release.

Monitor your moods and behavior after your release.

Do not react negatively if others comment on changes to your personality, mannerisms etc.

Remember you have been through a difficult and stressful experience.

You need to ensure you deal with the emotional, physical and psychological effects of your experience.

Be open about your experience, accept whatever assistance is available.

SEEK ADVISE

WE KEEP YOU SAFE

INTERNATIONAL ARMOUR is a Safety, Security and

Advanced Defense Technology Company, with worldwide

interests, working and complying with the highest market

standards.

Our industry registration and policy ensures that we are

providing the quality expected from a successful

established defense and security provider and our philosophy

is to fully protect your life, your business and your property

through a range of innovative and quality technologies,

systems, services, knowledge and skilled personnel.

We are specialized in providing security and safety services

to commercial vessels, yachts/ mega yachts and cruising

ships, in all their passages through the areas that the threat

of piracy and the risk of other illegal activities is increased.

Ab

ou

t U

s ABOUT US

WE CAN AND WE PROVIDE A

COMPREHENSIVE ON BOARD SECURITY

PROTECTION WITHIN A VERY SHORT NOTICE

Our role,

We Don't Blink, when you want to be safe and secure!

What you “need” to be safe may not be the same as what

you “want” to feel safe.

At International Armour we can provide you both “need” and

“want”.

Ab

ou

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s

When they cross the line,

We are always there!

INTERNATIONAL ARMOUR Co.

DEFENSE & SAFETY

125 Menelaou Street

17676 Kallithea - Athens - Greece

VAT# EL043083741

EORI: GR043083741

NCAGE: G2181

UNMG: 400640

T: +30 210 9577743

F: +30 211 2219310

Skype: armour.international

E: [email protected]

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Piracy has seen a resurgence in the last decade, and now

lurk in waters from the Atlantic to the West Pacific

threatening maritime security.

According to the International Maritime Bureau Piracy

Report, Oil tankers and bulk carriers are the most at risk

to be attacked, easy to board and slow moving vessels

that often carry valuable cargo.

International Naval Forces have done a great deal to

secure the waters between Africa and India – in recent

years, piracy has decreased in the Gulf of Aden, the

Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean.

Other waters, however, off the coast of Nigeria and

between the many islands of Indonesia, have seen an

uptick in piracy.

It is ultimately up to the private shipping

companies and their crews to secure their

vessels.

HAVING THE RIGHT PROTECTION

& TRAINING IS CRITICAL!

What you must know in order you protect your property and your crew?

1. Know the areas you’re traveling through:

Each crew should do a thorough risk assessment before beginning each journey.

There are many areas that are very safe for international maritime travel, but knowing where the dangerous

waters are is a key to survival.

There are often maritime security organizations that specialize in a certain area.

For instance the Maritime Security Centre: Horn of Africa, focuses on threats off the east coast of Africa, and

ReCAAP, a similar organization in Southeast Asia, protects ships there.

These organizations have invaluable information for ships traveling through those regions, including real-time

warnings of pirate activity.

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2. Know what kind of weapons you might face:

According to the IMB Piracy Reports, there are differences between the three main regions of piracy – West

Africa, East Africa and Southeast Asia.

Knives are common near Bangladesh; guns are more common near Nigeria and Indian Ocean.

Indonesian pirates tend to be the best armed.

Different weapons will dictate which physical defenses you should prepare and how you plan to react to an

attack.

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3. Travel wisely:

Check in with the United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations to make sure your travel is registered.

Make sure to get up to date information on the recommended international shipping travel corridors - these

tend to be better protected and have far less of a risk of pirates.

Be sure to leave your ship‟s automatic identification system on, so you can be easily located in the event of

an incident.

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4. Know how pirates attack:

The pirates attack on small, fast skiffs that rapidly approach the ship.

The pirates, sometimes armed with AK-47‟s or RPG‟s, fire at the bridge of the ship, trying to get the captain to

slow down or stop.

They then position themselves alongside the ship and board with lightweight ladders, brutally overcoming any

resistance from the crew.

What comes next depends on the area. Pirates in Nigeria are well known for their smash and grab tactics –

they‟re more likely to steal the cargo and/or latest take hostages.

East African pirates also will take hostages and hope that the shipping companies will pay a high ransom fee.

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5. Increase lookouts to guarantee maritime security:

Provide extra lookouts on each watch, and make sure all lookouts are keeping in communication with each

other.

Short rotations will prevent them from getting sleepy, optimizing their alertness.

Lookouts equipped with binoculars will be able to see over long distances during the day, and those equipped

with night ocular devices when it‟s dark will also have an advantage.

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6. Secure the bridge:

The bridge is the main focus of pirate attacks.

High Level (IV) Body armor and helmets for the bridge team will protect from the initial fire pirates direct at the

bridge.

Placing a double layer chain link fence around the back and sides of the bridge can decrease the

effectiveness of RPG‟s.

Every second counts – pirate entry into the bridge can be delayed with reinforced doors and locks.

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7. Physical barriers to prevent boarding:

The Best Management Practices for Protection Against Somalia Based Piracy guide recommends using

physical barriers to hinder pirates if they try to board your vessel.

A barbed wire fence at the edge of the deck can especially effective if constructed to hang overboard,

preventing pirates from hooking their ladders.

Electric fences can also work for certain vessels, but shouldn‟t be used for ships carrying hydrocarbon.

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9. Private guards:

On board armed security personnel must guarantee maritime security

Private armed guards are a major deterrent to pirates for several reasons.

They‟re trained maritime security operators and are often equipped with body armour and longer range

weapons.

Oftentimes all it takes are a few warning shots from a private guard to scare off the pirates all-together.

But international maritime law can make working with these contractors tricky; many ports ban ships with

weapons on board.

A recent rise in floating armories is a solution to this problem – contractors can store their weapons before

heading in to port.

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10. Citadel

A citadel is a fortified room where a crew can go in case of a pirate attack. Citadels have heavily reinforced

doors, stocks of food and water, and communications equipment.

Citadels are constructed as a last resort – if the ship isn‟t able to evade or deter the pirates, and has no

armed guard, the captain can order the crew to retreat.

Citadels are also very expensive to construct and nothing is impenetrable – a clever or determined pirate can

find his way through almost anything.

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CO

NTA

CTS

PRIMARY EMERGENCY CONTACT

UKMTO (United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations)


T: +971 50 552 3215

SECONDARY CONTACTS

MSC-HOA (Maritime Security Centre – Horn of Africa)


T: +44 1923 958545 | F: +44 1923 958520

www.mschoa.org

NATO Shipping Centre


T: +44 1923 956 574 | F:+44 1923 956 575

www.shipping.nato.int

MARLO (Maritime Liaison Office – Bahrain)


T: +973 1785 3925 | Cellular: +973 3940 1395

www.cusnc.navy.mil/marlo/

IMB Piracy Reporting Centre

T: +603 2031 0014 | F: +603 2078 5769 | Telex: MA34 199 IMBPC1


www.icc-ccs.org

USEFUL CONTACTS

INTRODUCTION TO PIRACY & MARITIME SECURITY...Sights: Adjustable iron sights, 100m – 800m...

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Transcript of INTRODUCTION TO PIRACY & MARITIME SECURITY...Sights: Adjustable iron sights, 100m – 800m...