Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety Management ...

Ujwal RitwikCRSP, QEP, REM, LA ISO 45001/14001/9001/22000/50001

Kuwait Chapter

Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety Management System ISO 45001

Course Objectives

To gather

Background – environment and environment management system

Foundational knowledge of ISO 45001

The ISO 45001 requirements

What needs to be done to implement an occupational health and safety management system and become certified

Gather useful tips on handling audit session

Usefulness of ISO 45001 to your professional career

Syllabus

Introduction

Recap of last two sessions

Foundational knowledge – OHS

Background and basics of ISO 45001

ISO 45001 contents

Certification process

Benefit of ISO 45001 knowledge to professionals

Conclusion

Class quiz and Homework

Preparation

Pre-read ?

Pre-questionnaire completed?

This is a training course, you would be required to take notes

Keep blank paper and pen ready and take class notes, marked

in blue color

Introduction

Do we want people to work, get paid and provide for the necessities of life, food, shelter, education to children?

Opening question

Introduction to OHSMS ISO 45001 : Ujwal Ritwik

It requires to protect the workers.

Who’s job is to protect? Government? Society? Top management?


But

owner’s/top management accountability

Why I am interested– A safety professional since 35 years

– Was interested in Management Systems as a student, as an engineer and when doing

Management Course

– Was influenced by authors like Peter Drucker, Edward Deming, Joseph Juran, Philip

Crosby, and Kaoru Ishikawa etc.

– Was a certified tutor for Quality Circles/TQM, a program popular in 1980s

– Came to actually participate implement ISO 9000 in 1996

– Got on road to ISO 14001 in 2000

– First hand implementation and auditing experience ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS

18001, and ISO 45001

– Administrator of IMS program in KNPC, the leader in ISO certifications in Kuwait

– I remain deeply interested in spreading what I learnedIntroduction to OHSMS ISO 45001 : Ujwal Ritwik

What did we do the last session?

What is a Management System?

A Framework

• Consisting of policies & procedures,

• To ensure that organization can execute and manage their business,

• To achieve the organizational objectives.

With Management System

Without Management System Different functions work independently as per their intended objectives without taking into account of organization goal/target and system may collapse or perform ineffective.

Management system helps to synchronise all functions in the organization to achieve company’s goal/target and improve overall performance.


Why a company needs to follow ISO Standards?

1. ISO is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies

2. ISO standards are highly reliable, developed by international subject matter experts and deliver proven methodologies

3. ISO standards offer structured approach/clear road map for establishing and implementation of QHSE management system

4. ISO standards offer sustained suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of management system to the company

5. Offer international benchmarking and comparison with other companies within and outside Kuwait to become industry leader

6. Provides opportunity integrated implementation of related standards thereby optimizing resources and easier implementation

Background of ISO

• ISO is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 161 national standards bodies

• On 23 February 1947, ISO began operations

• ISO from Greek means equal (IOS in English, OIN in French for Organisation internationale de normalisation)



Based in Geneva, Switzerland

Some Relevant ISO Standards

• ISO 9001 – “Consistent, conforming products”

• ISO 14001 – “Prevention of pollution”

• ISO 45001 – “Safe working conditions”

• ISO 22000 – “Safe food”

• ISO 50001 – “Efficient energy usage”

• etc.


Quality Management System

1. Helps the company consistently provide products and services as per customer and applicable statutory /regulatory requirements.

2. Provide Opportunities for Customer Satisfaction

3. Addressing risk and opportunities associated with its context and objectives

4. Improves overall performance of the organization.

Environment Management System

1. Protecting environment by mitigating adverse environment impacts

2. Mitigating the potential adverse effect of environment conditions

3. Assisting in fulfilment of compliance obligations

4. Enhancing environmental performance

Goals of ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 standards

Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS)

1. Provide framework for managing OH&S risks

2. Provide safe and healthy work places

3. Prevent injuries and ill-health

4. Eliminate hazards and minimize OH&S risks

5. Improve Organization OH&S Performance

6. Fulfil legal and other requirements

Goal of ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 standards

Key Terms

QUALITY

Meeting the customer requirements

Performance improvement of Product / Service

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY

Maintaining good health and safety of people at the workplace

ENVIRONMENT

Maintaining good surroundings such as Air, Water and Land


The ISO Recipe

Foundation

Cost of Progress


Three Pillars of Sustainability


Safety & health, environmental regulations, global climate change, crisis management, environmental justice

Job creation, skill enhancement, local economic impacts, social investments,

business ethics, security

Resource efficiency, product stewardship, life cycle assessment,products to services

People

PlanetProfit

Sustainable Development

• Defined by the United Nations Environment Program as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs,"

• Achieving a balance between the environment, society and the economy the three pillars of sustainability.

• Societal expectations for sustainable development, transparency and accountability have evolved with increased legislation

• Growing pressures on the environment from pollution, inefficient use of resources, improper waste management, climate change, degradation of ecosystems and loss of biodiversity.

• This has led organizations to adopt a systematic approach to environmental management system contributing to the environmental pillar of sustainability.



Who is the worker?


Not a child’s play, not romantic

World Statistics

• 7,600 people die each day, 2.78 million people die each year from work-related injuries or disease

• Diseases related to work cause the most deaths among workers. Hazardous substances alone are estimated to cause 651,279 deaths a year.

• The construction industry has a disproportionately high rate of recorded accidents.

• Younger and older workers are particularly vulnerable. The ageing population in developed countries means that an increasing number of older persons are working and need special consideration.

• The gross underreporting of occupational accidents and diseases, including fatal accidents, is giving a false picture of the scope of the problem


Causes of fatalities


Challenges

• Deaths: 2.78 million a year

• Non-fatal diseases: 160 million a year

• Accidents: 270 million a year

• Tend to see the negative consequences due to - globalization of the economy; liberalization of world trade; new technology

• Psychosocial factors and emerging issues –Stress, alcohol and drug abuse, workplace violence, passive smoking at work

• High-risk sectors – Agriculture, Mining, construction, Fishing, Shipbreaking,

• Informal sector - manual collection and recycling of waste, agriculture; poor working environment and unsatisfactory welfare facilities; occupational health services are virtually non-existent; meaningful safety statistics are a rarity


Cost of work accidents and illness

• In 2001, over $1,250,000 million a year 4 per cent of world GDP

• Compensation payments

• Early retirements

• Absenteeism

• Unemployment

• Poorer households


Impacts of poor health and safety on a company's bottom line

• Loss of productivity

• Loss of skilled, experienced employees

• Payment of compensation and/or damages

• Material damage to equipment and premises

• Disputes with trade unions, public authorities

• Loss of image

• etc.


Reputation and responsibility

Occupational health and safety are important elements in –

• Triple bottom line - Profits, People and Planet

• Sustainability

• Corporate social responsibility - corporate image has a major impact on companies' economic performance

• Greater emphasis on the valuation of intangible assets, including "human capital“


Two major strategies to improve OHS


An integrated approach to streamline - standard-setting, codes and guidelines, technical cooperation, international cooperation, statistical analysis and

information dissemination

Use of voluntary measures, wide use of the ISO standard on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems

OSH Laws


Some sample OHS laws• Argentina: Law No. 19587 of 21 April 1972 on Occupational Hygiene and Safety and its implementing

Regulation- Decree No. 351 of 22 May 1979

• Canada: Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (SOR/86-304)

• Egypt: The labour code (Law 12/2003) devotes a specific section (Book V)

• Europe: European directives on safety and health at work - Directive 89/391/EEC - OSH "Framework Directive"

• India: Factories Act, 1948 (Act No. 63 of 1948), as amended by the Factories (Amendment) Act, 1987 (Act 20 of 1987)

• Kuwait: Law No. 6 of the year 2010 - Promulgating the Law of Labor in the Private Sector

• Saudi Arabia: Rules of Implementation for the Control and Regulation of Labor Inspection Activities of 1970 and more recently the Minister's Labour Decree No. 159 of 2009

• UAE: Federal law on labour (1980). In addition, Order No. 32 of 1982 on Protection from Hazards and Ministerial Decision No. 37/2 of 1982

• UK: The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974

• USA: 1970 – Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act created OSHA and NIOSHIntroduction to OHSMS ISO 45001 : Ujwal Ritwik

OSH Act of 1970

• NIOSH

• OSH Standards 29 CFR

• Regulations 1910

• General Duty Clause• Each employer shall furnish to each of his

employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards

• Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations


34 Sections

•Section 1 - Introduction

•Section 3 - Definitions

•Section 5 - Duties

•Section 6 - Occupational Safety and Health Standards

•Section 7 - Advisory Committees; Administration

•Section 8 - Inspections, Investigations, and

Recordkeeping

•Section 9 - Citations

•Section 10 - Procedure for Enforcement•Section 22 - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/oshact/section_1









Quiz 1

1. 1,000 people die each day, from work-related injuries or disease

a) true b) false

2. All countries have same law on OSH

a) true b) false


Approach


Overview

What is the standard?

• 52 page PDF document

• Annex A: Guidance on use of this document

• Bibliography of referenced standards


ISO 45001 is all about workers!

•Where? At workplace

•By whom? By owners – the top management

•How? By maintaining a good management system


ISO 45001:2018

• Latest, most mature, most precisely and clearly stated

• Has strong ties with ISO 31000, Risk Management


Foundation

• This International Standard employs the process approach, which incorporates the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle and risk-based thinking.


Process Approach

The process approach enables an organization to plan its processes and their interactions.

The application of the process approach in a quality management system enables:

a) understanding and consistency in meeting requirements;

b) the consideration of processes in terms of added value;

c) the achievement of effective process performance;

d) improvement of processes based on evaluation of data and information.


What is a Process (Business)?

ProcessInputs Outputs

Resources

Controls Objectives

Monitoring & Performance Measures (KPI)

Feed to the process Result of a process

Supports to transform input into output

SOPs, Operations & Maint. manual, Procedures

• What to do? Goals• How to do it?

Procedure

• Do what was planned

• Did things happen as per plan?

W. Edward Deming1900 - 1993


PDCA Deming Cycle

Plan-Do-Check-Act model

— Plan: establish environmental objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the organization’s environmental policy.

— Do: implement the processes as planned.

— Check: monitor and measure processes against the environmental policy, including its commitments, environmental objectives and operating criteria, and report the results.

— Act: take actions to continually improve.


Risk-based thinking

• Risk-based thinking (Clause A.4) is essential for achieving an effective management system.

• To conform to the requirements of this International Standard, an organization needs to plan and implement actions to address risks and opportunities.

• Addressing both risks and opportunities establishes a basis for increasing the effectiveness of the management system, achieving improved results and preventing negative effects.


What is Risks & Opportunities?

What is Risk? Risk is effect of uncertainty in achieving result.

What is Opportunity? Opportunity is circumstance or set of circumstances that can lead to improvement of performance.

The outcome of the risk can be negative or positive. • When effect is negative, it is a Threat.

Need to control by eliminate / mitigate / transfer by appropriate control measures. • When effect is positive, it is an Opportunity. Need to maximize to get benefited.

RISK

OPPORTUNITY

Language

In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used:

— “shall” indicates a requirement;

— “should” indicates a recommendation;

— “may” indicates a permission;

— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.

Information marked as “NOTE” is for guidance in understanding or clarifying the associated requirement.


Background


What is an OHS Management System?


Why was ISO 45001 Developed?

International LabourOrganization’s Guidelines on Occupational Safety

and Health Management

• “…the essential message is that the hens

• have come home to roost regarding

• leadership accountability. Although

• functional tasks may be delegated, the

• ultimate responsibility for implementing

• OH&S policies, as expressed by ISO

• 45001, squarely rests with senior

• management. “


Top Management Commitment

• ISO 45001 = a top exec is responsible for implementation at an organization.


• No welfare, off work or social issues

• No product safety

• No process safety

• But, synergistic with OSHA standards


Can be integrated with other Management Systems

• This International Standard conforms to ISO’s requirements for management system standards.

• These requirements include a high level structure, identical core text, and common terms with core definitions, designed to benefit users implementing multiple ISO management system standards.

• International Standard enables an organization to use a common approach and risk-based thinking to integrate its environmental management system with the requirements of other management systems.


How to Demonstrate Conformity with this Standard?— making a self-determination and self-declaration, or

— seeking confirmation of its conformance by parties having an interest in the organization, such as customers, or

— seeking confirmation of its self-declaration by a party external to the organization, or

— seeking certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external organization.


Who are Behind this Standard?

• The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 283,

• The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1

• This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

• Martin Cottam, Committee Chair


Supporting Publications

• ISO 31000, Risk management — Principles and guidelines

• ISO Guide 73:2009, Risk management — Vocabulary

• IEC 31010, Risk management — Risk assessment techniques

• ISO 37500, Guidance on outsourcing

• ISO 19011, Guidelines for auditing management systems

• ISO 39001, Road traffic safety (RTS) management systems — Requirements with guidance for use

• ILO. Guidelines on occupational safety and health management systems, ILO-OSH 2001. 2nd ed. International Labour Office, Geneva


Quiz 2

1. ISO 45001 is in existence since 23 years

a) true b) false

2. ISO 45001 is prepared by International Labour Office

a) true b) false


ISO 45001 Contents


L

L

L

Overview of Annex L

Annex L High Level StructureCommon to ISO 9001, 14001, 45001 etc. (further sub-sub-clauses may be different / additional)

1. Scope 2. Normative references 3. Terms and definitions 4. Context of the organization

• Understanding the organization and its context

• Needs and expectations interested parties• Determining the scope Management System•

5. Leadership• Leadership and commitment • Policy • Roles, responsibility and authority

6. Planning• Actions to address risks & opportunities • Objectives and plans to achieve them

7. Support • Resources • Competence • Awareness • Communication• Documented information

8. Operation • Operational planning and control

9. Performance evaluation • Monitoring, measurement, analysis & evaluation • Internal audit• Management review

10. Improvement • Non conformity and corrective action • Continual Improvement


Contents


Foreword

Introduction

1 Scope

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4-10 Requirements

1 Scope

• This document specifies requirements for an occupational health and safety (OH&S) management system, and gives guidance for its use, to enable organizations to provide safe and healthy workplaces by preventing work-related injury and ill health, as well as by proactively improving its OH&S performance.

• The intended outcomes of an OH&S management system include:

a) continual improvement of OH&S performance;

b) fulfilment of legal requirements and other requirements;

c) achievement of OH&S objectives.

• All the requirements of this International Standard are generic and are intended to be applicable to any organization, regardless of its type or size, or the products and services it provides.

• This International Standard does not state specific OHS performance criteria.


2 Normative references

• There are no normative references.


Definitions

3.3 workerperson performing work or work-related activities that are under the control of the organization Note 1 to entry: Persons perform work or work-related activities under various arrangements, paid or unpaid, such as regularly or temporarily, intermittently or seasonally, casually or on a part-time basis.

Note 2 to entry: Workers include top management (3.12), managerial and non-managerial persons.

Note 3 to entry: The work or work-related activities performed under the control of the organization may be performed by workers employed by the organization, workers of external providers, contractors, individuals, agency workers, and by other persons to the extent the organization shares control over their work or work-related activities, according to the context of the organization.


3.6 workplace

place under the control of the organization (3.1) where a person needs to be or to go for work purposes

Note 1 to entry: The organization’s responsibilities under the OH&S management system (3.11) for the workplace depend on the degree of control over the workplace.

3.4 participation

involvement in decision-making

Note 1 to entry: Participation includes engaging health and safety committees and workers’ representatives, where they exist.

3.5 consultation

seeking views before making a decision


3.11 occupational health and safety management system

OH&S management system

management system (3.10) or part of a management system used to achieve the OH&S policy (3.15)Note 1 to entry: The intended outcomes of the OH&S management system are to prevent injury and ill health (3.18) to workers (3.3) and to provide safe and healthy workplaces (3.6).

Note 2 to entry: The terms “occupational health and safety” (OH&S) and “occupational safety and health” (OSH) have the same meaning.

3.19 hazard

source with a potential to cause injury and ill health (3.18)Note 1 to entry: Hazards can include sources with the potential to cause harm or hazardous situations, or circumstances with the potential for exposure leading to injury and ill health.


3.20 risk

effect of uncertainty

Note 1 to entry: An effect is a deviation from the expected — positive or negative.

Note 2 to entry: Uncertainty is the state, even partial, of deficiency of information related to, understanding or knowledge of, an event, its consequence, or likelihood.

Note 3 to entry: Risk is often characterized by reference to potential “events” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.5.1.3) and “consequences” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.3), or a combination of these.

Note 4 to entry: Risk is often expressed in terms of a combination of the consequences of an event (including changes in circumstances) and the associated “likelihood” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.1) of occurrence.

Note 5 to entry: In this document, where the term “risks and opportunities” is used this means OH&S risks (3.21), OH&S opportunities (3.22) and other risks and other opportunities for the management system.

Note 6 to entry: This constitutes one of the common terms and core definitions for ISO management system standards given in Annex SL of the Consolidated ISO Supplement to the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. Note 5 to entry has been added to clarify the term “risks and opportunities” for its use within this document.


3.21 occupational health and safety risk / OH&S risk

combination of the likelihood of occurrence of a work-related hazardous event(s) or exposure(s) and the severity of injury and ill health (3.18) that can be caused by the event(s) or exposure(s)


4 Context of the organization

4.1 Understanding the organization and its context

The organization shall determine external and internal issues that are relevant

4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties

4.3 Determining the scope of the OH&S management system

The organization shall determine the boundaries and applicability of the OH&S management system to establish its scope.

4.4 OH&S management system

Establish, implement, maintain and continually improve an OH&S management system, including the processes needed


Clause 4: Context of the Organization

External Issues

• Culture, social, legal, market, technology

• Competitors, subs, suppliers, laws

• Industry trends

• External parties


Internal Issues

• Org chart, roles, responsibilities

• Policies, strategies

• Capabilities of staff

• IT, decision making

• Products, tools, services

• Relationships and culture

• Standards and guidelines

• Working conditions

Clause 4: Context of the Organization

Interested parties / Stakeholders

• Authorities

• Parent orgs, subsidiaries

• Supply chain and subs

• Workers’ reps and orgs (union)

• Owners, shareholders, clients, public…

• Customers, media…

• OH&S, healthcare pros


5 Leadership and worker participation

5.1 Leadership and commitment

5.2 OH&S policy

5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities

5.4 Consultation and participation of workers


5.1 Leadership and commitmentTop management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment with respect to the OH&S management system by:

a) taking overall responsibility and accountability for the prevention of work-related injury and ill health, as well as the provision of safe and healthy workplaces and activities;

b) ensuring that the OH&S policy and related OH&S objectives are established and are compatible with the strategic direction of the organization;

c) ensuring the integration of the OH&S management system requirements into the organization’s business processes;

d) ensuring that the resources needed to establish, implement, maintain and improve the OH&S management system are available;

e) communicating the importance of effective OH&S management and of conforming to the OH&S management system requirements;

f) ensuring that the OH&S management system achieves its intended outcome(s);

g) directing and supporting persons to contribute to the effectiveness of the OH&S management system;

h) ensuring and promoting continual improvement;

i) supporting other relevant management roles to demonstrate their leadership as it applies to their areas of responsibility;

j) developing, leading and promoting a culture in the organization that supports the intended outcomes of the OH&S management system;

k) protecting workers from reprisals when reporting incidents, hazards, risks and opportunities;

l) ensuring the organization establishes and implements a process(es) for consultation and participation of workers (see 5.4);

m) supporting the establishment and functioning of health and safety committees, [see 5.4 e) 1)].

NOTE Reference to “business” in this document can be interpreted broadly to mean those activities that are core to the purposes of the organization’s existence.


5.2 OHS policy

• Top management shall establish, implement and maintain an OHS policy

a) includes a commitment to provide safe and healthy working conditions for the prevention of work-related injury

b) provides a framework for setting the OH&S objectives;c) includes a commitment to fulfil legal requirements and other

requirements;d) includes a commitment to eliminate hazards and reduce OH&S risks• The OH&S policy shall:— be available as documented information;— be communicated within the organization;— be available to interested parties, as appropriate;— be relevant and appropriate.


5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities

• Top management shall ensure that the responsibilities and authorities for relevant roles within the OH&S management system are assigned and communicated at all levels within the organization and maintained as documented information.

• Workers at each level of the organization shall assume responsibility for those aspects of the OH&S management system over which they have control.


5.4 Consultation and participation of workers

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a process(es) for consultation

and participation of workers at all applicable levels and functions, and, where they exist,

workers’ representatives, in the development, planning, implementation, performance

evaluation and actions for improvement of the OH&S management system.

The organization shall:

a) provide mechanisms, time, training and resources necessary for consultation and participation;

NOTE 1 Worker representation can be a mechanism for consultation and participation.

b) provide timely access to clear, understandable and relevant information about the OH&S management system;

c) determine and remove obstacles or barriers to participation and minimize those that cannot be removed;

NOTE 2 Obstacles and barriers can include failure to respond to worker inputs or suggestions, language or literacy

barriers, reprisals or threats of reprisals and policies or practices that discourage or penalize worker participation.


d) emphasize the consultation of non-managerial workers on the following:

1) determining the needs and expectations of interested parties (see 4.2);

2) establishing the OH&S policy (see 5.2);

3) assigning organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities, as applicable (see 5.3);

4) determining how to fulfil legal requirements and other requirements (see 6.1.3);

5) establishing OH&S objectives and planning to achieve them (see 6.2);

6) determining applicable controls for outsourcing, procurement and contractors (see 8.1.4);

7) determining what needs to be monitored, measured and evaluated (see 9.1);

8) planning, establishing, implementing and maintaining an audit programme(s) (see 9.2.2);

9) ensuring continual improvement (see 10.3);

e) emphasize the participation of non-managerial workers in the following:

1) determining the mechanisms for their consultation and participation;

2) identifying hazards and assessing risks and opportunities (see 6.1.1 and 6.1.2);

3) determining actions to eliminate hazards and reduce OH&S risks (see 6.1.4);

4) determining competence requirements, training needs, training and evaluating training (see 7.2);

5) determining what needs to be communicated and how this will be done (see 7.4);

6) determining control measures and their effective implementation and use (see 8.1, 8.1.3 and 8.2);

7) investigating incidents and nonconformities and determining corrective actions (see 10.2).

NOTE 3 Emphasizing the consultation and participation of non-managerial workers is intended to apply to persons carrying out the work activities, but is not intended to exclude, for example, managers who are impacted by work activities or other factors in the organization.

NOTE 4 It is recognized that the provision of training at no cost to workers and the provision of training during working hours, where possible, can remove significant barriers to worker participation.


6 Planning

6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities 6.1.1 General

6.1.2 Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities

6.1.3 Determination of legal requirements and other requirements

6.1.4 Planning action

6.2 OH&S objectives and planning to achieve them 6.2.1 OH&S objectives

6.2.2 Planning to achieve OH&S objectives


6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities

6.1.1 General

When planning for the OH&S management system, the organization shall consider the issues referred to in 4.1 (context), the requirements referred to in 4.2 (interested parties) and 4.3 (the scope of its OH&S management system) and determine the risks and opportunities that need to be addressed to:

a) give assurance that the OH&S management system can achieve its intended outcome(s);

b) prevent, or reduce, undesired effects;

c) achieve continual improvement.

When determining the risks and opportunities for the OH&S management system and its intended outcomes that need to be addressed, the organization shall take into account:

— hazards (see 6.1.2.1);

— OH&S risks and other risks (see 6.1.2.2);

— OH&S opportunities and other opportunities (see 6.1.2.3);

— legal requirements and other requirements (see 6.1.3).

The organization, in its planning process(es), shall determine and assess the risks and opportunities that are relevant to the intended outcomes of the OH&S management system associated with changes in the organization, its processes or the OH&S management system. In the case of planned changes, permanent or temporary, this assessment shall be undertaken before the change is implemented (see 8.1.3).

The organization shall maintain documented information on:

— risks and opportunities;

— the process(es) and actions needed to determine and address its risks and opportunities (see 6.1.2 to 6.1.4) to the extent necessary to have confidence that they are carried out as planned.


6.1.2 Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities

6.1.2.1 Hazard identification

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a process(es) for hazard identification that is ongoing and proactive. The process(es) shall take into account, but not be limited to:

a) how work is organized, social factors (including workload, work hours, victimization, harassment and bullying), leadership and the culture in the organization;

b) routine and non-routine activities and situations, including hazards arising from:

1) infrastructure, equipment, materials, substances and the physical conditions of the workplace;

2) product and service design, research, development, testing, production, assembly, construction, service delivery, maintenance and disposal;

3) human factors;

4) how the work is performed;

c) past relevant incidents, internal or external to the organization, including emergencies, and their causes;

d) potential emergency situations;

e) people, including consideration of:

1) those with access to the workplace and their activities, including workers, contractors, visitors and other persons;

2) those in the vicinity of the workplace who can be affected by the activities of the organization;

3) workers at a location not under the direct control of the organization;

f) other issues, including consideration of:

1) the design of work areas, processes, installations, machinery/equipment, operating procedures and work organization, including their adaptation to the needs and capabilities of the workers involved;

2) situations occurring in the vicinity of the workplace caused by work-related activities under the control of the organization;

3) situations not controlled by the organization and occurring in the vicinity of the workplace that can cause injury and ill health to persons in the workplace;

g) actual or proposed changes in organization, operations, processes, activities and the OH&S management system (see 8.1.3);

h) changes in knowledge of, and information about, hazards.


6.1.2.2 Assessment of OH&S risks and other risks to the OH&S management system

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a process(es) to:

a) assess OH&S risks from the identified hazards, while taking into account the effectiveness of existing controls;

b) determine and assess the other risks related to the establishment, implementation, operation and maintenance of the OH&S management system.

The organization’s methodology(ies) and criteria for the assessment of OH&S risks shall be defined with respect to their scope, nature and timing to ensure they are proactive rather than reactive and are used in a systematic way. Documented information shall be maintained and retained on the methodology(ies) and criteria.

6.1.2.3 Assessment of OH&S opportunities and other opportunities for the OH&S management system

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a process(es) to assess:

a) OH&S opportunities to enhance OH&S performance, while taking into account planned changes to the organization, its policies, its processes or its activities and:

1) opportunities to adapt work, work organization and work environment to workers;

2) opportunities to eliminate hazards and reduce OH&S risks;

b) other opportunities for improving the OH&S management system.

NOTE OH&S risks and OH&S opportunities can result in other risks and other opportunities for the organization.


OHS Risk Register Sample


7 Support

7.1 Resources

7.2 Competence

7.3 Awareness

7.4 Communication 7.4.1 General 7.4.2 Internal communication 7.4.3 External communication

7.5 Documented information 7.5.1 General 7.5.2 Creating and updating 7.5.3 Control of documented information


7 Support

7.1 Resources• determine and provide the resources needed for the establishment,

implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the OHS management system.

7.2 Competence• determine the necessary competence, ensure persons are competent on

the basis of appropriate education, training or experience; training needs take actions to acquire the necessary competence, and evaluate the effectiveness

7.3 Awareness• The organization shall ensure that persons doing work under the

organization’s control are aware of: the OH&S policy and OH&S objectives; hazards, OH&S risks and actions determined that are relevant to them; etc.


7 Support

7.4 Communication

• The organization shall establish, implement and maintain the process(es) needed for internal and external communications relevant to the OHS management system,

7.5 Documented information

• 7.5.1 General

• The organization’s OHS management system shall include: documented information required by this International Standard; and as determined by the organization

• 7.5.2 Creating and updating

• 7.5.3 Control of documented information


8 Operation

8.1 Operational planning and control 8.1.1 General

8.1.2 Eliminating hazards and reducing OH&S risks

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a process(es) for the elimination of hazards and reduction of OH&S risks using the hierarchy of controls:

8.1.3 Management of change

8.1.4 Procurement

8.2 Emergency preparedness and response


8.1.4 Procurement

Establish, implement and maintain a process(es) to control the procurement of products and services to ensure their conformity to its OH&S management system

8.1.4.2 Contractors

The organization shall coordinate its procurement process(es) with its contractors, in order to identify hazards and to assess and control the OH&S risks

8.1.4.3 Outsourcing

The organization shall ensure that outsourced functions and processes are controlled.


8.1.3 Management of change

The organization shall establish a process(es) for the implementation and control of planned temporary and permanent changes that impact OH&S performance, including:

a) new products, services and processes, or changes to existing products, services and processes, including:

— workplace locations and surroundings;

— work organization;

— working conditions;

— equipment;

— work force;

b) changes to legal requirements and other requirements;

c) changes in knowledge or information about hazards and OH&S risks;

d) developments in knowledge and technology.

The organization shall review the consequences of unintended changes, taking action to mitigate any adverse effects, as necessary.

NOTE Changes can result in risks and opportunities.


8.2 Emergency preparedness and response

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a process(es) needed to prepare for and respond to potential emergency situations, as identified in 6.1.2.1, including:

a) establishing a planned response to emergency situations, including the provision of first aid;

b) providing training for the planned response;

c) periodically testing and exercising the planned response capability;

d) evaluating performance

Etc.


9 Performance evaluation

9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and performance evaluation 9.1.1 General - establish, implement and maintain a process

9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance - with legal requirements and other requirements

9.2 Internal audit - conduct internal audits at planned intervals 9.2.1 General

9.2.2 Internal audit programme - plan, establish, implement and maintain an audit programme(s) including the frequency, methods, responsibilities, consultation, planning requirements and reporting,

9.3 Management review Top management shall review the organization’s OH&S management system, at planned intervals, to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.


10 Improvement

10.1 General

10.2 Incident, nonconformity and corrective action

reporting, investigating and taking action, to determine and manage incidents and nonconformities.

evaluate, with the participation of workers the need for corrective action to eliminate the root cause(s) of the incident or nonconformity, in order that it does not recur or occur elsewhere

10.3 Continual improvement

The organization shall continually improve the suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the OH&S management system,


Annex to Standard

Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard

Bibliography

Alphabetical index of terms


Quiz 3

1. Apart from approving resources management has no role in OHS MS

a) true b) false

2. Dealing with emergencies is part of fire safety, not ISO 45001

a) true b) false


Certification

Number of popular ISO Certifciates2018


Your ISO 45001 Journey

Getting started

Find what OHS management means and why ISO 45001 is

good for business

Implementing

Best way to implement

Certification

Assessment and certification

Maintaining

MS Continually improves to deliver the best for business


1

3

2

4

What are the certifications?

• There are two types of certification: • certification of a company’s environmental management system against the

ISO 45001 requirements, and • certification of individuals to be able to audit against the ISO 45001

requirements.

• This section discussed the steps for a company to implement an ISO 45001 OHS management system and have it certified.

• ISO 45001 certification for your company involves -• implementing an OHS based on the ISO 45001 requirements, and• then hiring a recognized certification body to audit and approve your OHS as

meeting the requirements of the ISO 45001 standard.


Steps to becoming ISO 45001 certified 1/2

• Gather management support

• Establish/identify context of organization, identify stakeholders

• Identify the legal requirements for the OHS

• Defining your OHS policy,

• Establish OHS and other Risks and Opportunities, and objectives,

• Create the mandatory and additional processes and procedures necessary for your organization’s operations.

• There are some mandatory processes that need to be included, and others to be added as the company finds them necessary.

• This creation of documents and records can be done internally by your company, or you can get help through hiring a consultant

• Once all of the processes and procedures are in place, operate the OHS for a period of time

• Collect the records necessary to go to the next steps


Steps to becoming ISO 45001 certified 2/2

• After finishing all your documentation and implementing it, your organization also needs to perform these steps to ensure a successful certification:

• Internal audit – The internal audit is in place for you to check your OHS processes. The goal is to ensure that records are in place to confirm compliance of the processes and to find problems and weaknesses that would otherwise stay hidden.

• Management review – A formal review by your management to evaluate the relevant facts about the management system processes in order to make appropriate decisions and assign resources.

• Corrective actions – Following the internal audit and management review, you need to correct the root cause of any identified problems and document how they were resolved.

• The company certification process is divided into two stages:

• Stage One (documentation review) – The auditors from your chosen certification body will check to ensure your documentation meets the requirements of ISO 45001.

• Stage Two (main audit) – Here, the certification body auditors will check whether your actual activities are compliant with both ISO 45001 and your own documentation by reviewing documents, records, and company practices.


Migration from OHSAS 18001

• If you’re currently certified to OHSAS 18001 then you will need to migrate to ISO 45001 as OHSAS 18001 will be withdrawn.


• Obtain training / familiarity with ISO 45001• Conduct a gap assessment act to close the gaps• Get ‘Migration Audit’ done by CB• Obtain ISO 45001 certificate if successful

8 key differences between OHSAS 18001 and ISO 45001

1. Annex L – new structure, risk based

2. The role of the management representative

3. Enhanced role of top management

4. Health and safety culture

5. Risks, hazards and opportunities

6. Improved planning – linked to organizational goals

7. A new definition of 'health‘ – includes mental health

8. Terminology updates – worker, workplace, documented information



Certification not a requirement


Certification is a business decision


ISO does not certify

ISO 45001 Advantage to Professionals

The Professional Value of ISO 45001 to a Person's Career

• Increasing competence regarding ISO 45001 can help in enhancing career but also in creating new career opportunities

• Knowledge of ISO 45001 and other standards, concepts and requirements, helps a professional whatever he / she pursuing

• ISO 45001 competence may also be pursued as a career in consulting and auditing


Career choices regarding ISO 45001

• OHS Manager

• Independent consultant

• Lead Auditor


What ISO 45001 training and certification are available if you’re an individual?

• Training in the concepts of ISO 45001 is available, and there are a range of course options for individuals to choose from. Only the first of the courses mentioned below can lead to certification for the individual to be able to audit for a certification body, but the others are very useful for those who will be using these skills within their own company:

• ISO 45001 Lead Auditor Course

• ISO 45001 Internal Auditor Course

• ISO 45001 Awareness and Implementation Course

• For Lead Auditor course – ensure course is accredited by IRCA or Exemplar Global


Quiz 4

1. ISO 45001 is exactly like OHSAS 18001 except for two definitions

a) true b) false

2. To obtain a ISO 45001 certification one must approach ISO office

a) true b) false


Further Help

ISO 45001 on ISO Website

https://www.iso.org/iso-45001-occupational-health-and-safety.html


ISO 45001 -OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETYIn this free brochure, learn more about ISO’s international standard for occupational health and safety and what it can do for your organization.

Conclusion

What did we do?

1. Foundational knowledge – OHS and OHS management system and ILO

2. Background - ISO 45001, the journey

3. The ISO 45001 contents

4. Certification process

5. Migration from OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001

6. Usefulness of ISO 14001 to professional career


Home Work

• The detailed class presentation mailed to you contains more slides, including explanation of all the clauses

• Study the full presentation and other materials sent

• Prepare a plan for implementing ISO 45001 standard at a company M/s Excellent 2100


Develop Your Personal Action PlanWhat you want to do after this course?

1. Plan

2. Identify your role

3. Future

4. Improve your competence


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Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety Management ...

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