Introduction to Michigan Geography and History
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Transcript of Introduction to Michigan Geography and History
An Introduction to the Geography & History of Michigan
Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice
(If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you)
Michigan
By Alexrk2 (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Consists of two separate
peninsulas.
• The U.P.• Upper
Peninsula• The L.P.• Lower
Peninsula
Being made up of two peninsulas, Michigan is
almost completely surrounded by water.
Do you know what these bodies of water are called???
Michigan
The Great Lakes
Great Lakes from space crop labeled. Public Domain. SeaWiFS Project, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE; cropped and labeled by Beyond My Ken (talk) 05:49, 11 September 2012 (UTC) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes#mediaviewer/File:Great_Lakes_from_space_crop_labeled.jpg
The word Michigan is derived from the Indian word “Michigama” meaning large lake.
State nicknames include: Great Lake State, Wolverine State, and Water Winter Land.
Admitted to the Union in 1837 as the 26th state.Michigan has over 11,000 inland lakes and
more than 36,000 miles of streams.Only state to touch four of the five Great
Lakes.From anywhere in Michigan, you are within 85
miles of one of the Great Lakes.
Quick Facts
Length and Width: 456 miles long and 386 miles wide.
Total Area: 96,810 sq. miles (the 11th largest in the nation and the largest state east of the Mississippi River).57,022 sq. miles of land area1,194 sq. miles of inland waters38,575 sq. miles of Great Lake water area3,126 miles of Great Lake shoreline (more
freshwater coastline than ANY other state)19,000,000 acres of forest cover
Quick Facts Cont’d.
Michigan Geography• Michigan belongs in
the southern extension of the Canadian Shield (seen in red).
• The shield is made up of very old bedrock and includes Michigan’s oldest rock outcroppings (exposed in Western U.P.).
• Mostly made up of Igneous rock.
Canadian Shield. Public Domain. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 3 July 2014 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Shield#mediaviewer/File:Canada_geological_map.JPG
Michigan Geography Cont’d.
Michigan Basin. Public Domain. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 3 July 2014http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Michigan_Basin_2.jpg
• Michigan is essentially a “bowl-shaped” basin.
• The oldest part of the state (in geology terms) is located on the outermost part of the state.• NW Upper Peninsula
(marked in purple and orange)
• The youngest part of the state is located in the interior of the Lower Peninsula.• Youngest bedrock
marked by light blue and green.
Glaciers in Michigan
Glacial Lakes. Public Domain. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 3 July 2014http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes#mediaviewer/File:Glacial_lakes.jpg
Glaciers have played a major part in the history of Michigan!
Glaciers (moving ice) came down from what is now Canada and covered most of Michigan.
Sometimes the glaciers would retreat (move back towards Canada) and then come back down.This movement of ice had MANY affects on the land!
Ice moved millions of tons of surface and created new landforms.
The weight of the ice helped carve out our Great Lake Basin.
Glaciers in Michigan Cont’d.
Paleo-Indian hunters inhabited parts of Michigan roughly 12,000 years ago.Migrated with food sourcesHunted big game animalsUsed stone tools
Projectile points, along with caribou bones, found at an excavation site near Detroit.
Most Paleo-Indian sites found near Michigan’s shorelines (with more sites located just offshore).
Early Peoples of Michigan
When Europeans started to come over to the New World, there were THREE main Native American tribes living in Michigan.
The Chippewa-OjibiwaThe OttawaThe Potawatomis
These three tribes formed what was called the “Council of Three Fires”.
Tribes Living in Michigan
The French are credited with discovering Michigan.
Etienne Brule reached Michigan in 1618 or 1619.
Brule was an interpreter for Samuel de Champlain.
Learned language by living with Indians.
Europeans Discover Michigan
Etienne Brule Plaque. PFHLai. Uploaded to Wikimedia on 6 October 2007. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 licensehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/%C3%89tienne_Br%C3%BBl%C3%A9_-_The_Old_Mill_Inn%2C_Toronto.JPG
Etienne Brule
1. European explorers come over to Michigan.
Etienne Brule, Jean Nicolet, Jacques Marquette
2. Missionaries are set up.L’Anse, Sault Ste Marie, St. Ignace
3. Traders (fur) come in and ‘set up shop’.4. Begin to set up military forts to protect
trade/Europeans.Fort Miami, Fort Michilimackinac, Fort
Pontchartrain
5. Settlers begin to flow into newly protected areas.
Europeans Move In
Fur TradeFarmingLumberMining
CopperIronSalt
Early Economy
Alberta 1890s fur trader. Public Domain. Copyright expired in Canada. Credit: Library and Archives Canada/C-001229. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 7 July 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fur_trade#mediaviewer/File:Alberta_1890s_fur_trader.jpg
Michigan has been controlled by several different countries before it was officially let into the Union (became a U.S. state) in 1837 as the 26th state.
Claimed by:FranceSpainEnglandUnited States
Part of the Northwest Territory before becoming a state.
Michigan: Changes in Ownership
Throughout this course, we will learn in more detail the history and geography of our great state!
I hope this introductory presentation has sparked an interest in the state we live in!
Let us look at a few famous people who hail from our great state. Could you be the next one???
More to Learn About Michigan
Gerald Ford (38th U.S. President – Grand Rapids)
Earvin “Magic” Johnson (Basketball - Lansing)
William Boeing (Aviation – Detroit)
Malcolm X (Political Activist – Lansing)
Madonna (Musician – Bay City)
Henry Ford (Automotive- Detroit)
Bob Seger (Musician – Lincoln Park)
John Smoltz (Baseball - Lansing)
Rosa Parks (Political Activist – Detroit)
Robin Williams (Actor – West Bloomfield)
Famous Michiganders
Michigan Location Map. By Alexrk2 (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Canadian Shield. Public Domain. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 3 July 2014 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Shield#mediaviewer/File:Canada_geological_map.JPG
Great Lakes from space crop labeled. Public Domain. SeaWiFS Project, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE; cropped and labeled by Beyond My Ken (talk) 05:49, 11 September 2012 (UTC) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes#mediaviewer/File:Great_Lakes_from_space_crop_labeled.jpg
Michigan Basin. Public Domain. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 3 July 2014 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Michigan_Basin_2.jpg
Glacial Lakes. Public Domain. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 3 July 2014 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes#mediaviewer/File:Glacial_lakes.jpg
Etienne Brule Plaque. PFHLai. Uploaded to Wikimedia on 6 October 2007. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/%C3%89tienne_Br%C3%BBl%C3%A9_-_The_Old_Mill_Inn%2C_Toronto.JPG
Alberta 1890s fur trader. Public Domain. Copyright expired in Canada. Credit: Library and Archives Canada/C-001229. Retrieved from Wikipedia on 7 July 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fur_trade#mediaviewer/File:Alberta_1890s_fur_trader.jpg
References