Introduction to Medical Imaging - Télécom ParisTech · Introduction to Medical Imaging Pietro...
Transcript of Introduction to Medical Imaging - Télécom ParisTech · Introduction to Medical Imaging Pietro...
Introduction to Medical Imaging
Pietro Gori and Isabelle BlochEnseignant-chercheur
Equipe IMAGES - Télécom Paris - IP [email protected]
September 18, 2019
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 1 / 9
History of medicine
Humours: Until 19th century western medicine was based on Galen’stheory of humours, or principal fluids: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm(strange liquid related to tumors), and blood
Healing included physical and spiritual therapeutics like herbs, healthydiet, cleaning, meditation, prayers, musicIt was understood that environment influenced the humoursHowever they also used leeches (sangsue)...
De Humani Corporis Fabrica - 1543: series of books of AndreasVesalius on human anatomy (University of Padova). Great and clearillustrations of the human anatomy.19th century: advances in technology and science make moresystematic the analysis of symptoms for diagnosis (e.g. stethoscopeinvented in 1816 by René Laennec at the Necker-Enfants MaladesHospital in Paris.)
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 2 / 9
History of medicine
Before 19th century: anatomical and functional study of humanbody is based on the strategy open, examine, report.
During 19th-20th century: externaltools are used to probe the humanbody (non invasive). For instance,neurosurgeon Penfield stimulated thebrain of conscious patients withelectrical probes and observed theirresponses → cortical homunculus
Figure 1: Image taken from Wikipedia.
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 3 / 9
History of medicine
During 20th century: Medical imaging transforms clinical practiceand research ! We can now see inside the human body in anon-invasive way !
1895: first X-ray image(Rontgen)1940-1950: medicalultrasonography1973: first Magnetic Resonanceimaging on a animal1990: development of nuclearmedicine
Figure 2: Image taken from Wikipedia.
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 4 / 9
Medical Imaging
There are different medical imaging techniquesEach technique is based on different physical principles and can beused to analyze only specific tissues/organs/functions of the humanbodyDifferent techniques give different results → choice depends on whatyou want to do/analyzeYou need to understand the physical principles behind theimaging modalities to correctly analyze/interpret the resultingimages !
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 5 / 9
Medical ImagingIn this course, you will learn about:
X-ray imaging
Ultrasound imaging
Magnetic Resonance imaging
and much more...P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 6 / 9
Complex and multi-disciplinary topic
PhysicsMathematicsComputer ScienceBiologyMedicine, AnatomyNeuroscience, PsychologyEngineer - Doctor communicationand the patient....
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 7 / 9
Research in medical imaging
Reconstruction, DenoisingImprove qualitySegmentation, Detection, ClassificationModelingVisualizationFusion of Information among modalitiesComputer-aided tools for clinicians...
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 8 / 9
Research in medical imaging
P. Gori and I. Bloch BIOMED 18/09/2019 9 / 9