Introduction To Management- Organaizational Structure and Design

8/9/2019 Introduction To Management- Organaizational Structure and Design

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5Chapte

r

Organizati

onalStructureand

CultureCopyright ©2011 PearsonEducation, Inc. Publishing as

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Culture

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earning !b"ecti#es

• Describe si$ %ey ele&ents inorgani'ational design

• Identify the contingency (actors that

(a#or the &echanistic &odel or the organic&odel

• Compare and contrast traditional andconte&porary organi'ational designs

• Discuss the characteristics andi&portance

• o( organi'ational culture

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5-)

*hat Is !rgani'ing+

• !rgani'ing – he (unction o( &anage&ent that

creates the organi'ations structure

• !rgani'ational esign – *hen &anagers de#elop or change the

organi'ations structure

•

*or% /peciali'ation – i#iding or% acti#ities into separate "ob

tas%s also called di#ision o( labor



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*hat Isepart&entali'ation+• epart&entali'ation

– Ho "obs are grouped together

• 3unctional epart&entali'ation

– 4rouping acti#ities by (unctions per(or&ed• Product epart&entali'ation

– 4rouping acti#ities by &a"or product areas

•Custo&er epart&entali'ation – 4rouping acti#ities by custo&er



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epart&entali'ation 6cont.7

• 4eographic epart&entali'ation – 4rouping acti#ities on the basis o(

geography or territory

•

Process epart&entali'ation – 4rouping acti#ities on the basis o( or% or

custo&er 8o

• Cross-(unctional ea&s

– ea&s &ade up o( indi#iduals (ro& #ariousdepart&ents and that cross traditionaldepart&ental lines



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*hat ;re ;uthority and


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*hat are i?erent ypes o(;uthority


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*hat is Poer+

• ;uthority goes ith the "ob, but• Power

– re(ers to an indi#iduals capacity to

in8uence decisions. ;uthority is part o(the larger concept o( poer



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*hat Is /pan o( Control+

• /pan o( Control

– he nu&ber o(e&ployees a

&anager cane@ciently ande?ecti#elysuper#ise



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*hat Is 3or&ali'ation+

•3or&ali'ation – Ho standardi'ed an organi'ations "obs

are and the e$tent to hich e&ployeebeha#ior is guided by rules and procedures

• Centrali'ation

– he degree to hich decision &a%ing ta%esplace at upper le#els o( the organi'ation

• ecentrali'ation – he degree to hich loer-le#el &anagers

pro#ide input or actually &a%e decisions

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*hat Contingency Aariables;?ect

/tructural Choice+• Bechanistic !rgani'ation – ; bureaucratic organi'ation a structure

thats high in speciali'ation,

(or&ali'ation, and centrali'ation• !rganic !rgani'ation

– ; structure thats lo in speciali'ation,(or&ali'ation, and centrali'ation


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5-1:Copyright ©2011 Pearson

Education, Inc. Publishing asPrentice Hall.


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Ho oes echnology ;?ect/tructure+• nit Production

– he production o( ite&s in units or s&allbatches

• Bass Production – arge-batch &anu(acturing

• Process Production

– Continuous 8o o( products beingproduced


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*hat is the /i&ple/tructure+• /i&ple /tructure

– ;n organi'ational design ith lodepart&entali'ation, ide spans o(

control, authority centrali'ed in a singleperson, and little (or&ali'ation


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raditional !rgani'ationalesigns• 3unctional /tructure

– ;n organi'ational design that groupssi&ilar or related occupational

specialties together• i#isional /tructure

– ;n organi'ational structure &ade up o(separate business units or di#isions


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Conte&porary!rgani'ational /tructures• ea& /tructure

– ; structure in hich the entire organi'ation is&ade up o( or% tea&s

• Batri$ /tructure

– ; structure in hich specialists (ro& di?erent(unctional depart&ents are assigned to or%on pro"ects led by a pro"ect &anager

•

Pro"ect /tructure – ; structure in hich e&ployees continuously

or% on pro"ects


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C i


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Conte&porary esigns6cont.7• Doundaryless !rgani'ation

– ;n organi'ation hose design is notde=ned by, or li&ited to, boundaries

i&posed by a prede=ned structure• Airtual !rgani'ation

– ;n organi'ation that consists o( a s&allcore o( (ull-ti&e e&ployees and outsidespecialists


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Conte&porary esigns6cont.7• etor% !rgani'ation

– ;n organi'ation that uses its one&ployees to do so&e or% acti#ities

and netor%s o( outside suppliers topro#ide other needed productco&ponents or or% processes


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odays !rgani'ationalChallenges

• earning!rgani'ation

– ;n organi'ation

that hasde#eloped thecapacity tocontinuouslylearn, adapt, andchange


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*hat is !rgani'ationalCulture+• !rgani'ational Culture

– he shared #alues, principles, traditions,and ays o( doing things that in8uence

the ay organi'ational &e&bers act


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Ho oes Culture In8uence/tructure+

• /trong Cultures

–!rgani'ationalcultures inhich the %ey#alues aredeeply held

and idelyshared


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Introduction To Management- Organaizational Structure and Design

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