Introduction to Linguistics_2 Linguistics, Language and the Origin of Language New
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Introduction to Linguistics
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Second Meeting:Linguistics And Language
Edi BrataMathla’ul Anwar University Banten
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It is scientific study of language.
What is Linguistics?
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Scientific study of language, you think this?
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Science Vs. Knowledge
Systematic inquiry
Experiences
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Systematic Inquiry
Th
eore
tical
Deductive
Em
pir
ical
Inductive
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Naturally, human have language. Why does it needs to be learnt scientifically?
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Naturally, human have eyes, but why do people need to learn eyes scientifically? Then, why do we have eyes’ doctor?
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Linguist
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Linguistics Traditional
Grammar
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• Linguistics is descriptive not prescriptive• Linguist regard the spoken language as primary,
not written• Linguistics does not force into a Latin-based
framework• Traditional grammar tends to use logic
How does linguistics differ from traditional grammar?
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The Scope of Linguistics
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The Scope of Linguistics
General Linguistics Vs. Specific LinguisticsSynchronic Vs. Diachronic
Micro Linguistics Vs. Macro Linguistics
Theoretical Vs. Applied
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WHY SHOULD WE CARE?
o Because we need diversityo Because languages express identityo Because languages are repositories of
historyo Because languages contribute to the sum
of human knowledgeo Because languages are interesting in
themselves
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LANGUAGE:The Object of Linguistics
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A system of arbitrary, vocal symbols which permits all people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture , to communicate or to interact (Finochario, 1974:3 in Alwasilah, 1993:82). What is
language?
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Language is the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way (Kwary, 2009). What is
language?
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A system of arbitrary vocal symbol used for human communication.What is
language?
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The Concept of Language
De Saussure (1916):o Lange (English, Malaya,
Sundanese)o Langage (Human differs from
Animal) o Parole (Sounds)
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LANGUAGE: THE OBJECT OF LINGUISTICS
Langage
Lange
Parole
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THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE:TRADITIONAL THEORY
o Human origin is language origin (Fromkin and Rodman, 1983:26).
o Divine Origin Theory (Fromkin and Rodman, 1983:17; Alwasilah: 1993:1).
o Organic Phase Theory (Alwasilah: 1993:2)1. Pooh-pooh Theory (Charles Darwin) - Emotional
Expression
2. Dingdong/ Nativistic Theory (Max Muller) – Natural
3. Yo-he-ho Theory – Social Interactivity
4. Bow-wow / Onomatopoetic/ Echoic Theory – Come from Nature
5. La-la Theory – Romantic
6. Gesture Theory - Gesture before Speech
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THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE:MODERN APPROACH
o Human and language growth together (Alwasilah, 1993:5).
o Human is the perfect creature (Alwasilah, 1993:6).
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