INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET

HISTORY OF INTERNET

→In 1969,ARPANETwas started to connect computers at U.S defense &different universities.→In 1980s,NSFnet was started to make a high-capacity network to be used strictly for academic and engineering research.→In 1980s many private networks were also built to cater to the activities , which were not allowed on NSFnet . →In 1990s,the networking of ARPNET ,NSFnet and other private network resulted into INTERNET.

WORKING OF INTERNETInternet works on two devices . They are:-1.GATEWAY:-A gateway is a device that connects dissimilar networks.2.BACKBONE:-It is a central interconnecting structure that connects one or more networks just like the trunk of a tree or the spine of a human being.

GOVERNING OF INTERNETVarious organizations are

responsible for different types of activities .These are:-1.The Internet Architecture Board(IAB)2.The Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)3.The Inter NIC

WORLD WIDE WEB(WWW)

The World Wide Web(WWW) is a set of programs, standards and protocols that allows the multimedia and hypertext files to be created ,displayed and linked on the internet

WWW ATTRIBUTES1.USER FRIENDLY:-www resources can work easily with most internet browsers, which are very user friendly.2.MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENTS:-Information on the web, which may be graphics , and text is viewed in pages.3.HYPER TEXT AND HYPER LINK:-Hypertext refers to the combination of text , graphics, images , audio , video tracks and hyperlink.HYPRELINK refers to a dynamic link upon clicking at which a new web page or program opens. 4.INTERACTIVE:- WWW, with its pages , supports and enables interactivity between users and servers through hyperlinks or input boxes.5.FRAMES:-WWW also supports frames. FRAMES is the display of more than one independently controllable section on single web page.

SOME TERMS RELATED TO INTERNET

1.WEB BROWSER:-It is a WWW client that navigates through world wide web and displays web pages.2.WEB SERVER:-It is a WWW server that responds to the request made by web browser.3.WEB SITE:-A location on a net server is called a web site.4.WEB PAGES:-A document that uses HTTP is called WEB PAGE.

ELECTRONIC MAIL

E-MAIL stands for Electronic mail. It is the most widely used tool to send messages electronically on a network.E-MAIL ADDRESS:-E-mail address commonly take this form:- username@hostname.Email :–address has two parts separated by”@”symboli)USERNAME:-On the left of@ separator is the user name. A user name cannot have blanks.ii)DOMAIN NAME FOR THE HOST SERVER:-The portion at the right of @ identifies the server or host or network that services your e-mail.

ADVANTAGES OF E-MAIL

→LOW COST→HIGH SPEED→WASTE REDUCTION→EASE OF USE→RECORD MAINTENANCE→PATEINCE

INTERNET PROTOCOLS

DEFINITION:-A PROTOCOL IS A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF MESSAGE FORMATS AND THE RULES THAT TWO OR MORE MACHINES MUST FOLLOW TO EXCHANGE THOSE MESSAGES.

Some of the common protocols are:-1.HTTP:-HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL2.FTP:-FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL3.TCP:-TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL

USES OF INTERNET

1.Bussiness uses the internet to provide access to complex database , such as financial data base.2.Companies carry out electronics commerce including advertising, selling, buying , distributing products and providing after sale services.3.The use of e-mail over the internet has greatly speeded communication between companies among co-workers and between other individuals.5.Scientist and scholars use the internet to communicate with colleagues to perform research, to distribute lecture notes and courses materials to student ,and to publish paper and articles.6.Individuals use the internet for communication , entertainment , finding information , to buy and cell goods and services.

THANK YOU……….