Introduction to Immunology and immunolabeled probes
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Immunology Overview
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Transcript of Introduction to Immunology and immunolabeled probes
Immunology Overview
Innate vs Acquired Immunity
• Non-specific, rapid• Physical, Chemical
Barriers• Complex Biochemical
Mechanisms– Fever– Inflammation– Complement– Toll and Nod
• Antigen specific and initially slow
• Memory• Lymphocytes• Humoral and Cellular• Exquisitely Specific
Recognition molecules
Eukaryote Innate Immunity
Cells of the Immune System
The Immune System
The Clonal Selection Theory
Primary vs Secondary Response
Antigenicity
• Antigen - any molecule that binds to and activates the specific receptors of lymphocytes– Immunogenicity
– Specificity• Epitopes
• Some molecules (haptens) have specificity but no immunogenicity -- these need a carrier
– Digoxigenin
– peptides
DIG - KLH
Requirements for Immunogenicity
• Foreignness
• High Molecular Weight
• Chemical Complexity
• Degradability
• Host Factors– Genetics– Route of encounter / Adjuvants
Protein Structure
Myoglobin Epitopes
Lysozyme Epitopes
Compare Epitope Structures
Antibody Structure
The 5 Antibody Classes
Mammalian Antibody Isotypes
The Immunoglobulin Superfamily
The Central Dogma
and GOD said, “Let there be light chains!”
Light chain exon rearrangement
“and let there be heavy chains!”
The Clonal Selection Theory
Monoclonal Antibodies
