Introduction to Exercise Science Chapter 1 Dr. Andrea Fradkin.
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Transcript of Introduction to Exercise Science Chapter 1 Dr. Andrea Fradkin.
Introduction to Exercise Science
Chapter 1
Dr. Andrea Fradkin
What is Exercise Science? Many definitions of Exercise Science
“The study of numerous aspects of physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance that have the common characteristic of movement and the adaptations that occur as a result of physical activity and regular exercise”
Exercise Science broadly includes: Nutritional, Physiological, Psychological, and
Functional adaptations to movement and sport
The term “Kinesiology” is often used instead of “Exercise Science”
Important definitions Physical activity:
Activities of daily living that include all movement that humans perform
Exercise: Structured movement process for the purpose of
improving fitness and performance
Sport and athletic competition: Movement in structured and organized activities
that involves a competitive aspect
Definitions of Physical Activity Definition that is too inclusive:
Bodily movement that is produced by skeletal muscles and substantially increases energy expenditure
Definition that is too inclusive: Human movements that are
Involuntary Performed aimlessly and without a specific purpose
All human movement NOT all movement is physical activity All physical activity is movement
Disciplines, Sub-Disciplines, and Specialty Areas
Exercise Science:Study of how and why the body responds to physical activity
What Do Exercise Scientists Study?
Two primary areas of inquiry: Health-related aspects of physical activity Sports performance
Total picture regarding health benefits of physical activity is far from complete
Greatest impact has been how low - moderate exercise improves health and well-being
Throughout history repeated references to physical activity and exercise Important for promoting good health
Research shows physical inactivity results in: Early morbidity
Premature mortality
Morbidity and mortality rates from lifestyle related diseases are at an all time high in US
Introduction to Exercise Science
Causes of Mortality in US in 2005
Why Don’t People Exercise?
Changing work and living environments have resulted in decreased physical labor
At the same time, they have increased opportunities for leisure time activities
Many individuals do not exercise enough to promote good health and reduce disease risk
Physical Inactivity Levels 2002 - 04
Overweight or Obesity in US Adults
Sport in History Physical prowess and ability to succeed in
sport are highly valued by people and society
Importance of athletic competition so high that Olympic Games were born
Currently have Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating on a 2 year cycle
Sport Nowadays Professional, college, and high-school
sporting events are integral part of society
More opportunities for individuals of all ages to participate than ever before
Many other people participate in professional, amateur, and recreational competitions yearly
Not All Good News Athletes continuously looking for exercise
science professionals to assist them in: Developing an effective training program The safest equipment A sound nutritional program The best treatment for acute and chronic injuries
Unfortunately, desire and pressure to succeed creates a “win at all costs” mentality for some
Benefits Outweigh Negatives
Benefits derived from physical activity are important personally and as a society Individuals gain improvements in physical and
mental health Society gains from reduced levels of lifestyle
diseases and illness
Exercise Science professionals play a role in: Promoting individual and population health Physical activity and exercise Contributing to successful performance
Academic Preparation in Exercise Science
Exercise Science professionals come from a variety of educational backgrounds
Broad-based coursework Anatomy and physiology Biological sciences Chemistry and biochemistry Human development and psychology Mathematics and statistics Physics
These fields provide a solid foundation for understanding how and why humans move
Professional Standards for Programs A number of organizations cooperated to
establish academic standards and guidelines
Content areas for undergraduate level include: Anatomy and physiology Biomechanics Kinesiology Physiology of exercise Nutrition / weight control Exercise testing for normal and special populations First aid Exercise leadership Practicum (applied) experience Computer proficiency
NASPE Basic Standards for Exercise Science Foundational core
Exercise prescription for normal and special populations
Health promotions
Human relations
Administrative tasks
Professional development
Practical experience
Preparations for Careers in Health Care
Common for Exercise Science students to complete graduate work in a healthcare field
An Exercise Science degree helps meet requirements for: Medical school Dental school Chiropractic school Physician assistant programs Physical and occupational therapy
TO READ Chapter 1
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