Introduction to Control Engineering at Power Plantsalkar/SEC510/Introduction wk6_to...Unrestricted /...
Transcript of Introduction to Control Engineering at Power Plantsalkar/SEC510/Introduction wk6_to...Unrestricted /...
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Introduction to
Control Engineering
at Power Plants
Lesson 1
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1 - Power plant processSchematic of a coal-fired steam power plant
Page 2
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1 - Power plant processSchematic of a combined cycle power plant
Page 3
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1 - Power plant processProcess and Instrumentation Diagram with KKS codes
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1 - Power plant processIdentification system for power plants : KKS
Page 5
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1 - Power plant processIdentification system for power plants : KKS
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Ex: 1 LDA04 AP001 KP01
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1 - Power plant processIdentification system for power plants : KKS
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Ex: 0 BFA03.03
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1 - Power plant processIdentification system for power plants : KKS
Page 8
Ex: 1 UHA04.01
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1 - Power plant processCentral Control Room Layout Concept Example
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1 - Power plant processCentral System Room Layout Concept Example
Page 10
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1 - Power plant processExamples of process engineering redundancy
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1 - Power plant processPower plant components (KKS codes)
Page 12
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1 - Power plant processPower plant components (KKS codes)
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2 - InstrumentationDirect measuring circuits (KKS)
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2 - InstrumentationVarious types
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Level
Capacitance Ultrasonic Radar
Pressure Temperature
Rail Head
Field
Positioner
Electropneumatic
Flow
Ultrasonic
Clamp On Coriolis Vortex
Magnetic
Analytics Weighing
Belt ScalesDelta-P
Vibration and
ExpansionPosition
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2 - InstrumentationField Instrument Mounting Racks
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Furnace pressureDrum level
Suction & discharge pressure
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2 - InstrumentationField Instrument Mounting Racks
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Furnace pressureDrum level
Suction & discharge pressure
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2 - InstrumentationField Instrument Measuring Chain
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Furnace pressure
Drum level
Suction & discharge pressure
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2 - InstrumentationField Instrument Hook Up
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Furnace pressure
Drum level
Suction & discharge pressure
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3 - Signal TypesDigital signals
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Digital signals are used to represent items that only have two states,
such as ON (binary 1) or OFF (binary 0) states.
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3 - Signal TypesAnalog signals
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Analog signals have variable states in contrast to digital signals.
Input signals: Position feedback,temperature, pressure, level...etc.
Output signals: Set points (for VFDs, proportional control valves...etc.)
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3 - Signal TypesRTD & Thermocouples
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RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detector) and thermocouples are used
for temperature measurement. These signals have variable states as
analog signals.
Thermocouple RTD
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4 - Signal LoopsRelay & Contact Types
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Relay Socket
Bracket
Label
LED
Relay Set
Coil C/O Contact
Circuit Diagrams
Coil NO Contact
NO: Normally open
NC: Normally close
C/O: Changeover
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4 - Signal LoopsDI signals
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4 - Signal LoopsDI signals
Single Contact Changeover Contact Electronic Sensor
24V 24V
24V
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4 - Signal LoopsDO signals
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4 - Signal LoopsAI signals (Voltage)
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Range Mod. Set
A
B
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4 - Signal LoopsAI signals (Current)
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Range Mod. Set
D
C
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4 - Signal LoopsAI signals (Resistance transducers or RTDs)
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Range Mod. Set
A
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4 - Signal LoopsAI signals (Thermocouples)
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Range Mod. Set
A
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4 - Signal LoopsAO signals (Voltage)
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4 - Signal LoopsAO signals (Current)
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4 - Signal LoopsSymbols and terms on drawings
Page 33
Signal module Terminal Device
DCS cabinet Field
Cable
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4 - Signal LoopsExample drawings (Digital signals)
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DO signal connection
Relay coil
DI signal connection
Relay contact
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4 - Signal LoopsExample drawings (Analog signals)
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AI signal connection (4-20mA_2wire)
AI signal connection (4-20mA_4wire)
AO signal connection (4-20mA)
24V
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5 - CablesPower cables
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Outer sheath Armour Filler Insulation Conductor
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5 - CablesInstrumentation & Control Cables
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Outer sheath Overall screen Individual screen Insulation Conductor
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5 - CablesCommunication Cables
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Profibus DP Industrail Ethernet Fiber Optic
Multimode fiber cable distance <3km
Single mode fiber cable >3km
Cat6 (eight cores) cables up to 1Gbit/s
Cat5 (four cores) cables up to 100Mbit/s
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Page 39
Thank you