Client/Server Architecture. Components Clients Servers Communication Networks Client Server.
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Transcript of Introduction to client/server architecture. Objectives Explain what is the client/server...
![Page 1: Introduction to client/server architecture. Objectives Explain what is the client/server architecture How it works Examples for client/server architecture.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082505/56649d8c5503460f94a73de9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to client/server architecture
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Objectives
• Explain what is the client/server architecture• How it works• Examples for client/server architecture• Other network architectures
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What is a computer network?
• Computer network A collection of computing devices that are connected in various ways in order to communicate and share resources
• Usually, the connections between computers in a network are made using physical wires or cables, However, some connections are wireless, using radio waves or infrared signal
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What is a computer network?
• The generic term node or host refers to any device on a network
• Examples of networks…
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client-server Model
• client-server Model: Model of a computer network in which many clients (remote processors) request and receive service from a centralized server (host computer)
• The most basic type of client-server architecture employs only two types of nodes: clients and servers.
• This type of architecture is sometimes referred to as two-tier.
• It allows devices to share files and resources.
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Server-Based Networking
• Server– A single computer that provides extensive
multiuser access to network resources– Can handle hundreds of users at once• Fast response• Less network congestion when multiple workstations
access the same resource
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What Servers do?
• Essentially, any server must serve a network — either clients or other servers, or some combination of the two.
• The term server also includes the actual server operating system that makes the computer do its job.
• Commercial server software products such as Windows Server 2008 are designed to handle a greater frequency and variety of tasks than are typical in either the desktop or workstation
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How it works
The client will follow this process:1. Initiate a request: The client caller requests access to some resource or information from the remote server.2. Wait for a reply: A participating server issues a reply, either permitting or forbidding the connection, which may require authentication in some cases.3. Connect and interact: If access is granted, the client possibly authenticates and then begins interacting in some fashion with the server.
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How it works
• The server will do the following:1. Listen for a request: Calling clients come and go as they
please, requesting to initiate and interact with hosted services.
2. Process the request: Once received, the client request may optionally require authentication.
3. Connect and interact: At this point, both client and server are connected on a common channel and able to share resources or information.
Examples: E-mail clients send and receive messages from e-mail servers.
Web browser clients broker data connections to FTP and Web servers.
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Client/server roles
• Server provides the service • Client is considered as the customer requesting the service • The server service can be shared among a number of clients • Clients must request or initiate the service • The location of the server in the network is transparent to
clients • Transaction between C/S is message-passing based • C/S architecture is scalable • horizontally (more clients can added)• Vertically (more servers can be added)
• The server is centrally maintained where as clients are independent of each other
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Why do we use servers
• A server is designed and intended to provide services and run server applications under heavy workloads, left unattended and self-managing most of the time.
• Larger amounts of memory (upwards of 8GB or more), larger storage capacity (terabytes, petabytes, and beyond), special storage methods (mirroring, striping, and multiple disk aggregation), redundant power supplies.
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Systems with Client server model• File servers – File sharing and file processing
• Data base servers– Passing file results – Example: Query in DBMS server – Typically one single request/reply
• Transaction servers– Transaction server includes DBMS and transaction
monitoring– Server has remote procedures run online by the client
• web servers– Super-fat servers and clients – Uses HTTP protocol – Java was first to introduce interactive C/S forms
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Clustering
• ClusteringLinking two or more discrete computer systems so they
appear to function as though they are one
– Advantages• Increases computer speed.• Provides more computing power.• Increase performance.
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Peer to Peer Model P2P
• In this model, participants act as both clients and servers, sometimes sharing multiple parts of a single piece of data
• In P2P networks, clients provide resources as well as using them. This means that unlike client-server systems, the content serving capacity of peer-to-peer networks can actually increase as more users begin to access the content (especially with protocols such as Bittorrent that require users to share)
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Homework
• What is the difference between Client/server and peer to peer model? (do some research to find the answer and summarize it in a table )