Introduction to Cambridge Journals

Katy Christomanou Publishing Director, STM Journals

Neil HammondPublishing Editor, STM Journals

Anglia Ruskin University, 20 January 2010

Introduction to Cambridge Journals

• About Cambridge Journals• Cambridge Journals Online (CJO)• How to publish in Cambridge Journals• Open Access policy

Cambridge University PressA very selective history

• 1534 – Cambridge University Press receives Royal Charter

• 1584 – First book published by CUP• 1893 – Journal of Physiology becomes

first journal to be published by CUP.

• 1997 – Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is launched

Cambridge JournalsOver 240 journals, covering a wide range of

subjects, split roughly evenly into two groups:

HSS – Humanities and Social SciencesSTM – Science, Technical and Medical

Over 26,000 articles were published in 2009.

Journals are a mixture of CUP-owned, society-owned, and shared ownership.

Sample HSS Journals

Sample STM Journals

Production• Excellent reputation for quality

– Thorough quality-control procedure– Regular investment in new workflow systems– Industry-leading position on sustainable printing

• Efficient and timely– Typically, acceptance to online publication

within 5 weeks– Typically, acceptance to print issue within 8

weeks

Production workflow

Cambridge Journals Online (CJO)

Cambridge Journals Online (CJO)

• All journals hosted online on our own platform

• Continuous development Annual cycle includes 3 releases, plus

bespoke development and weekly meetings of steering committee.

• Collaborations across the publishing industry

COUNTER, CrossRef, RightsLink

Cambridge Journals Onlinehttp://journals.cambridge.org

370,000 articles

10 Million Unique Sessions each month

1 Million full text downloads each month

350,000 Registered Users

10,000 Organisation Administrators

Robust: close to 99% uptime

CJO Screenshot (new design)

CJO features

• Electronic archive for almost all journals back to volume 1 • Single homepage and branding for each journal• Links to most-cited articles (tracking cites from other

journals and publishers) and most-read articles• Articles online ahead of print – FirstView • COUNTER-compliant usage statistics for all journals• Email alerts for new issues and FirstView articles• Fully hyperlinked text, articles, and references• ‘Cited by’ links to Google Scholar and Crossref• Free sample content for all journals

How to publish in Cambridge Journals

How to publish in Cambridge Journals

Points to Consider:1) Selecting a Journal2) Instructions to Contributors3) Types of Article4) Structure and Style5) Tables, Illustrations and Photographs6) Rejections and Revision7) How to Submit8) Post Acceptance

1) Selecting a Journal• Select a journal in the preliminary stages

- Predetermines style and intended audience• Impact Factor – The IF can provide some broad indications• Intended readership, aims and scope• Read current articles - All Cambridge journals have free

issues• Search for previous articles on topic - Free Searches on

CJO• Journal Citation Reports Service• Consider editorial decision time and post acceptance

turnaround• Does the journal offer FirstView online access?• Ask the Editor about suitability if in doubt!

2) Instructions to ContributorsPay attention to journal specific guidelines for contributors as papers that have to be revised will take longer to be published These guidelines can include instructions for:– Specific page layouts– Short Title– Keywords– Number of Pages– Reference Style

If the journal provides a template or style file, use it.

3) Types of Paper

Consider the type of paper you are writing, as this will have implications on both likelihood of acceptance and the citation rate, and check that the journal accepts such paper types.- Original Article- Review Article- Case Report (Now less acceptable for publication unless they are unique and report on an unexpected association or outcome.)

4) Structure and Style

• ABC of Effective WritingA – AccuracyB – Brevity C – Clarity

• Keep sentences short and simple (20 words is a guideline)

• Be positive rather than negative• Consider an international readership• Avoid needless words and jargon• Define any abbreviations on first use• Check references carefully• Correctly label figures

5) Tables, Illustrations and Photographs

• May need to be separate from text, check instructions.• Tables should be simple and not duplicate information

in the text.• Figures typically required in low-resolution format for

review and high-resolution TIFF/EPS format for final production

• Ensure you have secured necessary permissions for any third party material you have used, prior to submission.

• Remember colour is not a substitute for careful thought about data display!

6) Rejections and RevisionsThe usual reasons for rejection are:– Poor or incomprehensible English– Insufficient originality– Serious scientific flaws– Absence of a message that is important to the

target audience– Questionnaire surveys with low response rates– Articles that are simply descriptive with little

attempt at evaluationIf you are sending a revised manuscript back to the journal, you should include a detailed point-by-point explanation of how you have addressed each reviewers’ and editors’ comments.

7) How to Submit

• Increasingly Cambridge journals use online submission systems, which enable authors to track their article.

• Email submission may still be used in some cases.• Always refer to Instructions for contributors for

journal specific information.(e.g. format for submission of any supplementary material.)

• Include a cover letter/email with any required information and if necessary a concise version of the logic of the paper.

• Remember submission of a paper is taken to denote that all authors have seen the final version and approved it.

8) Post AcceptanceWe add value to the accepted manuscript with:• Copy editing (and proof-reading stage)• Production at the highest industry standards• State-of-the-art online delivery• Print delivery meeting the Forestry Commission

standards• Intensive marketing of all our content (more than

170,000 recipients of our table-of-contents alerts)• Usage statistics available at journal and paper level• Open access options meeting funding bodies’

requirements• Supply of metadata to abstracting and indexing services

Open Access Policy

Open Access (OA)

• Historically, access to published articles was available only via a subscription to the publishing journal, and was only available in that one location.

• Publishers now offer various degrees of ‘open access’ to published articles. These can be differentiated by what is made open, when it is made open, and where it is openly available.

OA – What, when, and where?

• What? – “Author’s original” (unrefereed draft)– “Accepted manuscript” (refereed

manuscript)– “Version of record” (published article)

• When? – Immediately upon acceptance– Immediately upon publication– After some embargo period

• Where? – Author’s website– Departmental website– Subject repository (arXiv, RepEc, PMC,

…)– Institutional repository

1999 OA Initiative launchedBMC announcedE-Biomed proposed (H. Varmus)

2002 Budapest InitiativePLoS launched

2003 Wellcome Trust endorses OA

2009 120 mandates(72 institutions, 48 funders)

Open Access: Brief History

OA Archiving vs Publishing

• Archiving - ‘Green’• Mandates by

institutions and funders• Repositories

– Institutional, subject or national

• Accepted Manuscript or Version of Record PDF

• Metadata can be harvested

• Publishing - ‘Gold’• One-off payment, or

subsidised from other sources

• Version of Record PDF• Re-use, re-purposing,

modification permitted

• Deposit in PubMed Central, etc

Funders: Wellcome Trust, RCUK(c.50 to date) NIH, Canadian RC

HHMIMPG, DFG and others

Institutions: Macquarie (Australia), Hong Kong(c.100 to date) Helsinki, CNRS, INRA (France),

Humboldt (Germany), Hokkaido, Stockholm, Oslo, Glasgow, Southampton,

Harvard Schools, Stanford Dept of Education

Institutional Repositories: c.1300 repositories to date

Open Access: Mandates

Cambridge = ‘Green’ publisherwith ‘Gold’ OA offered on a hybrid basis via the

Cambridge Open Option.

We meet all* of the requirements of funders and institutional mandates (and

recommendations)

* Exception – Harvard FAS and Law School

Open Access: Cambridge Policy

• Can post a copy of the Accepted Manuscript on author’s or department’s web page and on subject or institutional repository

• Can be deposited immediately upon acceptance

• Publisher copyright and source must be acknowledged

• Publisher’s Version of Record/PDF may be used on authors’ personal or departmental web page any time after publication, with a link to the publisher’s version

• Publisher’s Version of Record/PDF may be used in a subject or institutional repository after 12 month embargo

Open Access: Cambridge Policy

• Participate in AGORA, HINARI, INASP and OARE initiatives. Provides wide dissemination to developing countries at no or heavily-discounted cost.

• Cambridge Journals offers a hybrid OA model, where authors have the option of publishing their article as OA, on payment of a one-off publishing fee.

• Cambridge Journals is an associate member of Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA).

• Cambridge Journals is participating in EU-funded PEER Project (Publishing Ecology of European Research).

Cambridge and OA Related Activities

Open Access and the future

• Sustainable ‘gold’ OA probably requires funding changes, and is likely to be limited to certain subject areas, and possibly less prestigious journals.

• No hard evidence yet to show that ‘Green’ OA has a negative impact on subscriptions, provided that VoR has a 12-month embargo period.

• However, still fears that the increase in institutional mandates may slowly erode subscriptions.