Introduction to Beef. Youtube; Beef Commercial Essential Question What is a breed? What is a breed?
-
Upload
patricia-beasley -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of Introduction to Beef. Youtube; Beef Commercial Essential Question What is a breed? What is a breed?
Important Important Terms to Terms to
KnowKnow
A Mature Male is called a:A Mature Male is called a:
BullBull A Mature Female is called a:A Mature Female is called a:
CowCow The act of Giving Birth is called:The act of Giving Birth is called:
CalvingCalving Gestation = Gestation =
283 days283 days A Castrated Male is called a:A Castrated Male is called a:
SteerSteer An Immature Female is called a:An Immature Female is called a:
HeiferHeifer
Group Discussion Group Discussion
Discuss in your small group and write Discuss in your small group and write down what you think a trait is. down what you think a trait is. What traits do you think are What traits do you think are important in identifying cattle important in identifying cattle breeds?breeds?
What is the actual What is the actual definition?definition?
After your in-depth discussion on After your in-depth discussion on traits, compare your ideas with the traits, compare your ideas with the actual definition:actual definition:
A Trait is: a distinguishing A Trait is: a distinguishing characteristic within a specific breed characteristic within a specific breed of cattleof cattle
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into Bos To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into Bos Taurus or Bos Indicus .Taurus or Bos Indicus .
To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into British, European.British, European.
To be able to Determine or Give the Make up of To be able to Determine or Give the Make up of Certain Composite Breeds.Certain Composite Breeds.
To Give the Attributes of Specific Breeds.To Give the Attributes of Specific Breeds.
Classification Why do we Classification Why do we Need ItNeed It
We classify everything. Example We classify everything. Example AutomobilesAutomobiles
We Break them down into Cars and We Break them down into Cars and Trucks, How can we break them Trucks, How can we break them down even further.down even further.
CLASSIFICATION OF BEEF CATTLE
B rit ish E U R O P E A N
B O S T A U R U S
F 1 C ro ss
B O S T A U R U S / IN D IC U S
Z E B U
B O S IN D IC US
B e ef Ca ttle
PUREBRED PUREBRED
Recognized family line of an animal Recognized family line of an animal Unmixed Unmixed Parents are standards of the breed Parents are standards of the breed Eligible for registration in a breed Eligible for registration in a breed
associationassociation
CROSSBREEDING CROSSBREEDING
Definition: Mating of 2 purebred Definition: Mating of 2 purebred animals to form a cross. animals to form a cross. Crossbreeding is used to emphasize, Crossbreeding is used to emphasize, extract, and design desired traits or extract, and design desired traits or characteristics that are reflected in characteristics that are reflected in the offspring.the offspring.
The offspring of crossbreeding, is The offspring of crossbreeding, is known as a crossbred. known as a crossbred.
Popular BRITISH BREEDS Popular BRITISH BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLEOF BEEF CATTLE
HerefordHerefordBlack AngusBlack AngusShorthornShorthorn
Popular EUROPEAN BREEDS Popular EUROPEAN BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLEOF BEEF CATTLE
SimmentalSimmentalCharolaisCharolais
HerefordHereford
• Originated in England
• Red with white points
• Horned usually
• Known for pink eye
Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification
Black AngusBlack Angus• Native to Angus (near Scotland)
• Most popular beef breed in the US
• Always black in color
• Can produce Red Angus
• Known for Marbling AbilityBos Taurus / British Breed Classification
ShorthornShorthorn
• Originated in England
• White to red in color
• Roane Color, very popular for show heifers.
Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification
SimmentalSimmental
• First recorded in Switzerland
• Large body mass
• Light red to dark red with white points
• Known for Maternal Characteristics
Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification
CharolaisCharolais
• Originated in France
• White in color
• Mature bulls weigh 2000-2500+ lbs.
• Mature bulls weigh 1250-2000+ lbs.
• Known for Size and Muscle
Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification
BrahmanBrahman
• Developed in the United States
• Breeds from India used
• Light gray or red to black
• Known for Mothering Ability
Bos Indicus Classification
ActivityActivity
Design your own breed!Design your own breed!Complete your worksheet with Complete your worksheet with
designing your own beef cattle breeddesigning your own beef cattle breedComplete Beef Crossword Puzzle Complete Beef Crossword Puzzle
when finishedwhen finished
Review Of Beef Cattle Review Of Beef Cattle ClassificationClassification
Cattle are Classified into Two Groups Cattle are Classified into Two Groups The Bos Taurus Classification The Bos Taurus Classification
includes what two Groups?includes what two Groups?What are some Breeds Attributes?What are some Breeds Attributes?
Warm UpWarm Up
A cows horns are called :A cows horns are called :
A Cow, A Chicken, A Horse and A A Cow, A Chicken, A Horse and A Dog all have THIS anatomical part in Dog all have THIS anatomical part in common. What is it? common. What is it?
ObjectivesObjectives
Review basic cattle anatomy both Review basic cattle anatomy both gross and digestive gross and digestive
Identify location of cuts of meat on a Identify location of cuts of meat on a beef animalbeef animal
Essential QuestionEssential Question
Name 4 different cuts of meat you Name 4 different cuts of meat you can find in the grocery store. can find in the grocery store.
RumenRumen
Largest of 4 compartmentsLargest of 4 compartments Its Job :FERMENTATIONIts Job :FERMENTATION
Continuous mixing and movingContinuous mixing and movingAnaerobic environment/Diverse bacterial Anaerobic environment/Diverse bacterial
pop.pop.Breaks down fibrous feed in volatile fatty Breaks down fibrous feed in volatile fatty
acids acids Papillae liningPapillae liningNonfunctional at birth , shunted off Nonfunctional at birth , shunted off
ReticulumReticulum
Feed boluses come from hereFeed boluses come from hereHoneycomb appearanceHoneycomb appearance Its Job : REGURGITATIONIts Job : REGURGITATION
Regurgitation from rumen to mouthRegurgitation from rumen to mouthExpulsion to omasumExpulsion to omasumFermentation gases Fermentation gases
. . OmasumOmasum
Many foldsMany folds Its Job: REDUCE Its Job: REDUCE
Reduces particle sizeReduces particle sizeAbsorb some water, mineralsAbsorb some water, minerals
Why would you reduce particle size? Why would you reduce particle size?
. . AbomasumAbomasum ““True Stomach”True Stomach” Glandular , meaning it secretesGlandular , meaning it secretes
Does your stomach excrete anything? Why ? Does your stomach excrete anything? Why ?
Its Job: DIGESTIONIts Job: DIGESTIONBegin digestion hereBegin digestion hereFeed leaves abomasum and enters the small Feed leaves abomasum and enters the small
intestine where further digestion takes placeintestine where further digestion takes placeFeed leaving abomasum is high in water Feed leaving abomasum is high in water
contentcontentWhy do you think this happens?Why do you think this happens?
Beef Meat Beef Meat
The meat from mature bovines that The meat from mature bovines that are generally over 12 months of ageare generally over 12 months of ageRemember that Bovine = Cow!!Remember that Bovine = Cow!!
Food Safety in the Beef Food Safety in the Beef Industry Industry
FDA: Monitors use of animal drugs by FDA: Monitors use of animal drugs by the livestock industry the livestock industry
FSIS: Inspects livestock and FSIS: Inspects livestock and carcasses for meat safety carcasses for meat safety
Beef Meat Project Beef Meat Project
You will be assigned a cut of beef. You will be assigned a cut of beef. Find a recipe on the internet that uses Find a recipe on the internet that uses
the cut of meat you were assigned. the cut of meat you were assigned. OROR Find a Product for purchase that Find a Product for purchase that
contains your cut of meat. Be sure to contains your cut of meat. Be sure to include what type of meat it is ( Angus include what type of meat it is ( Angus etc) and the company that makes the etc) and the company that makes the product and its relative price. product and its relative price.
Vocabulary Sheet Vocabulary Sheet Put your name and the date on the top.Define the following words:
Brisket, Tenderloin, Chuck Turn in when finished. Due at the end of class. Free time after you’re finished .
ObjectivesObjectives
Identify levels of beef industry and Identify levels of beef industry and their purposetheir purpose
Produce the correct chain of events Produce the correct chain of events beef cattle follow from farm to beef cattle follow from farm to factory. factory.
Essential Question Essential Question
What is the end goal when feeding What is the end goal when feeding and caring for cattle? and caring for cattle?
How to farmers achieve this goal? How to farmers achieve this goal?
The Beef IndustryThe Beef IndustryThe average size beef herd is The average size beef herd is around 100 head.around 100 head.
The beef industryThe beef industryIn the US there are over forty In the US there are over forty
different breeds as well as different breeds as well as many crosses of these breeds.many crosses of these breeds.
4 Major Segments:4 Major Segments:purebred operationspurebred operationscow-calf operationscow-calf operationsstocker operationsstocker operationsfeedlot operationsfeedlot operations
Purebred operationsPurebred operationsPurpose is to produce seed Purpose is to produce seed
stock cattle. stock cattle.
Cow-Calf operations:Cow-Calf operations:Most calves produced are Most calves produced are
crossbreeds from purebred crossbreeds from purebred parents of different breeds. parents of different breeds.
Stocker operations:Stocker operations:Provide a step between the Provide a step between the
weaning of calves and weaning of calves and slaughter. slaughter.
Feed them right Feed them right Grass fed vs. grain fed vs. a mixed ration
Feedstuffs are items that when mixed together can provide a Total Mixed Raton
Some feedstuffs includeBone and Meat MealFeather MealMolassesCottonseedCornSoybean mealDistiller’s Grain MUCH MORE
Why you feed your animals a mix of different things?
Feedlot operations:Feedlot operations:Final phase before the animals Final phase before the animals
are sent to slaughter. are sent to slaughter.
Watch them growWatch them grow
Average daily Average daily gain: Pounds of gain: Pounds of weight gained weight gained per day per day
What does it look like?What does it look like?
It is March 1It is March 1stst. Your beef cow’s ADG is 5 . Your beef cow’s ADG is 5 pounds per day. On April 1pounds per day. On April 1stst, how much , how much will your cow weigh?will your cow weigh?
In 30 days your beef cow is going to In 30 days your beef cow is going to market and needs to weigh 1300 pounds. market and needs to weigh 1300 pounds. It currently weighs 1000 pounds. What It currently weighs 1000 pounds. What does your ADG need to be for your cow does your ADG need to be for your cow to be ready for market in 30 days?? to be ready for market in 30 days??
Problems?Problems?
What problems could occur with so What problems could occur with so many animals in one place?many animals in one place?
Management Practices Management Practices Ear Tagging Ear Tagging Branding Branding Tattooing Tattooing Registration Registration
Vocabulary REVIEW Vocabulary REVIEW
Cow-Calf ProductionCow-Calf Production: own cows, : own cows, sell weaner calvessell weaner calves
StockerStocker: buy weaner calves, sell : buy weaner calves, sell yearlingsyearlings
Feedlot FinishingFeedlot Finishing: buy calves, : buy calves, fatten, sell to slaughter housefatten, sell to slaughter house
Hobby farms Hobby farms
Farm is not the main source of Farm is not the main source of income ($) for the owner.income ($) for the owner.
Most Delaware Cattle farms are Most Delaware Cattle farms are hobby farmshobby farms
Writing Prompt Writing Prompt Write a 1 page paper on the following:Write a 1 page paper on the following:
You are a beef cattle producer. You are a beef cattle producer. Explain Explain the process the process your cow will follow from farm your cow will follow from farm
to factory. Be sure to include what steps to factory. Be sure to include what steps you will take to make sure you get the you will take to make sure you get the
most money for your beef cows. most money for your beef cows. You should include topics like: breed you You should include topics like: breed you
have chosen and why, what your animals have chosen and why, what your animals live in, nutrition information, and who your live in, nutrition information, and who your
marketing to. Use correct vocabulary!marketing to. Use correct vocabulary!
Important to know!Important to know!
Beef cattle reproduce through: Beef cattle reproduce through: Artificial InseminationArtificial Insemination
Beef are Flight AnimalsBeef are Flight AnimalsWe use their Flight Zone to move themWe use their Flight Zone to move them
Hormones are injected and Hormones are injected and monitored by the : FDA monitored by the : FDA
Vocabulary Sheet Vocabulary Sheet
HerdHerd BrandingBranding RegistrationRegistration Average Daily GainAverage Daily Gain FeedlotFeedlot BSEBSE
FinishingFinishing Cow/Calf OperationCow/Calf Operation Hobby FarmHobby Farm
Test Review Test Review Vocab: Herd, Branding, Registration, Vocab: Herd, Branding, Registration,
Average Daily Gain, Feedlot, BSE, Cow/Calf Average Daily Gain, Feedlot, BSE, Cow/Calf Operation, Hobby Farm, CrossbreedingOperation, Hobby Farm, Crossbreeding
1. What are the parts of the beef digestion 1. What are the parts of the beef digestion tract? tract?
2. What are the major cuts of Beef?2. What are the major cuts of Beef? 3. What is the purpose of a feedlot?3. What is the purpose of a feedlot? 4. What are the 4 major management 4. What are the 4 major management
practices in Beef cattle? practices in Beef cattle?