Welcome…

ROBOTICS And

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATIONthe ENGINEER’S DIVINE CREATIONS

Presented by…MARATHE SOURABH ANNASAHEB

MULLA SAIFALI FAYYAZ

T.Y. MECHANICAL

M.D.J.I.T, BHOSE, TAL MIRAJ, DIST- SANGLI.

TOPIC- ROBOTICS & INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION.

Introduction The topic “INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS”Deals with the study & analysis of highly developed & efficientManufacturing processes, with help of automated controlling systems, robots, & robotic technology. These production systems are ruling the industrial markets in highly developed countries like Japan, America,China…etc.Automation & Robotics gave a huge momentum for the development to the overall manufacturing & mechanical engineering industries.

so let us move ahead…..

Reasons for Automating1. To increase labor productivity2. To reduce labor cost3. To mitigate the effects of labor shortages4. To reduce or remove routine manual and

clerical tasks5. To improve worker safety6. To improve product quality7. To reduce manufacturing lead time8. To accomplish what cannot be done manually9. To avoid the high cost of not automating

Introduction to PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC

CONTROLLERS

the PLC’S

Heart of automation…! PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS

Very commonly known as “PLC”A programmable logic controller(PLC) is the core part of automation system. The PLC’s are nothing but small computers dedicated to automation task in an industrial environment ,cabled relay control (hence 'logic'), analog (pneumatic, hydraulic) “governors, real-time (embedded) computer with extensive input/output

The programmable logic controllers are computers based devices capable of controlling many types of industrial equipment & entire automated system.

The plc’s are also called as programmable logic controllers because its operations requires logic functions to be performed.

PLC’S were introduced in 1969 & today they are widely used in software’s instead of relays.

A PLC produces on/off voltage outputs & can actuate elements such as electric motors, fans, heaters, light switches etc.

Today there are hundreds of diff. PLC’S available in market. They differ in their memory size, input capacity ,o/p capacity & the features offered.

Block diagram of PLC

Components of PLC’S

1) PROCESSOR:- ( executes a program to perform the specific operations.)

2) CPU-. ( Brain of PLC)

3) ALU.-( Performs mathematical calculations & makes logic decision)

4) Input/output interface:-

(it is designed to receive process & machine signals & convert them into PLC acceptable form.)

5) HOUSING- (elements of PLC are installed in suitable casing to withstand the shop

environment)

Advantages of PLC’S1. Programming the plc is much easier than making the

connections to the control panel.

2. PLC can be interfaced with plant computer system more

easily than conventional relay controls. 3. PLC requires less floor space than relay controls.

4. It is more reliable & has easy maintenance

5. They are reprogrammable.

6. CAN be used in home automation, traffic signals, etc

Functions of PLCTO CONTROLL, MEASURE & PROTECT

THE ENTIRE AUTOMATED SYSTEM.

Instrumentation of flow meters,tempreture, & position of machine parts.

HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE(HMI) when exsists is limited to service help and controll operators display.

displaysTo feed the programme & perform the

operations as designed in the programmes.

S.C.A.D.ASUPERVISAORY CONTROL & DATA AQUISIATION

It is the computer system which monitors & controls computer industrial infrastructure, or facility based process. The SCADA, is a software which runs the entire automation process.

Introduction to Industrial automation

Industrial automation comprises of mechanical, electronic & computer based manufacturing system. It is nothing but higher degree of automation, where all the manufacturing processes is without any human aid. In this type of manufacturing system there is no any manual operation and labor work. It means that operator is required only for supervision and can operate number of machines at one time. Automation means a closed loop system in which there is a provision of feedback.

There are four main types of automation i.e.1. Fixed automation2. Programmable automation3. Flexible automation4. Integrated automation

FIXED AUTOMATIONThe machines are arranged as per the sequence of operations to be

performed.

The product design is constant for a long period of time.

For example, transfer lines, automated assembly lines etc

Programmable automation The sequence of the operations depends on the program.

The program & physical setup has to be changed for new product.

Flexible to deal with variations & changes in the product configuration.

Used for low volume production where parts are produced in batches.

Eg:- NC machine tool, PLC, Industrial robots, etc.

FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION Capable of producing variety of parts.

No lost of time for change over when product design changes.

High initial investment.

Continous type of production.

Flexible to deal with product’s design variations.

Eg- flexible manufacturing systems.

INTEGRATED AUTOMATION

Manufacturing func. are linked through an integrated computer network.

These manufacturing func. Includes production planning & control, shop floor control, quality control, purchasing, marketing etc.

Allow changes in design to reduce cost & to optimize production requirments.

Eg- computer integrated manufacturing. (C I M)

CLASSIFICATION OF AUTOMATIC MACHINES.

a)MAGAZINE LOADED AUTOMATIC MACHINE.

b)AUTOMATIC BAR MACHINES. (single & multi spindle)

c) AUTOMATIC TRANSFER MACHINES

d)TRANSFER LINES.

e)TRANSFER MACHINES. (in-line, rotary, drum)

Control systems In automation when machines ,electronics & computers are used to control a system, It is called as control systems. It is nothing but an arrangement of different physical elements connected in such a manner so as to regulate, direct or command itself or some other system.

Elements of control sysytem-

OPEN LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM- (highly prefered, easy to design hence economical).

FEED BACK/CLOSED LOOP CS- (can sense environmental changes,modifies error, noise & distortion is reduced).

SERVO CONTROL SYSYTEM- (It is used to correct perfomance of mechanism, by means of error sensing feed back, uses servomotor & runs as per servomechanism).

Process, measurment,limi switches, proximity switches,mechanical connections, servo motor, power supply units, sensors,controllers,etc. are other important parts of AUTOMATED SYSTEM.

Factory automation model

Apps of AUTOMATIONTRANSFER LINES.

AUTOMATED ASSEMBLY LINES.

NC MACHINES, INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS.

PACKAGING INDUSRIES.

TEXTILE INDUSTRIES.

IT & COMPUTER SECTOR.

MANY OTHER FIELDS.

AUTOMATION MARKET. Industrial and Factory Automation affects employment, but is capable of increasing the income of an enterprise or entire national economy, as demonstrated in manufacturing hubs like Germany and Japan. Emerging markets for industrial and factory automation include high growth industries in Brazil, China, India and other developing Asian countries. In INDIA also the industrial automation is a taking place of conventional manufacturing systems to go hand in hand with global markets. Companies such as AMS,MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA,CUMMINS INDIA are leaders in the country.

Global players

Business in 2011, about $7000 MILLIONINR= 15217391304.348 /-

CONCLUSION By having a glance at all the factors of “ROBOTICS & INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION”, it seems that these two sectors can create tremendous revoution in entire industrial field, and has great scope for high profile jobs & also bright future for worlds economy & market.

BIBLIOGRAPHYOur hearty regards & warm thanks to…

Almighty god

Internet resources

MDJIT, BHOSE

DANEKAR SIR (lect. in mechanical dept, mdjit, bhose)

SHARAD INST. OF TECH. YADRAW, ICHALKJARANJIThank’s a lot…..