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Table of Contents

1Introduction1

1.1Purpose1

1.2Using the TRM1

1.2.1Measure Categories2

1.2.2Customer and Program Specific Data2

1.2.3End-use Categories & Thresholds for Using Default Values3

1.2.4Applicability of the TRM for estimating Ex Ante (Claimed) savings5

1.3Definitions5

1.4General Framework7

1.5Algorithms8

1.6Data and Input Values8

1.7Baseline Estimates9

1.8Resource Savings in Current and Future Program Years10

1.9Prospective Application of the TRM10

1.10Electric Resource Savings10

1.11Post-Implementation Review11

1.12Adjustments to Energy and Resource Savings11

1.12.1Coincidence with Electric System Peak11

1.12.2Measure Retention and Persistence of Savings11

1.12.3Interactive Measure Energy Savings12

1.12.4Verified Gross Adjustments12

1.13Calculation of the Value of Resource Savings12

1.14Transmission and Distribution System Losses13

1.15Measure Lives13

1.16Custom Measures13

1.17Impact of Weather14

1.18Measure Applicability Based on Sector15

1.19Algorithms for Energy Efficient Measures15

2Residential Measures17

2.1Lighting17

2.1.1ENERGY STAR Lighting17

2.1.2Residential Occupancy Sensors26

2.1.3Electroluminescent Nightlight28

2.1.4LED Nightlight30

2.1.5Holiday Lights32

2.2HVAC35

2.2.1Electric HVAC35

2.2.2Fuel Switching: Electric Heat to Gas/Propane/Oil Heat43

2.2.3Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps49

2.2.4ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioners55

2.2.5Room AC (RAC) Retirement59

2.2.6Duct Sealing65

2.2.7Furnace Whistle71

2.2.8Programmable Thermostat76

2.2.9Residential Whole House Fans79

2.3Domestic Hot Water81

2.3.1Efficient Electric Water Heaters81

2.3.2Heat Pump Water Heaters84

2.3.3Solar Water Heaters90

2.3.4Fuel Switching: Electric Resistance to Fossil Fuel Water Heater93

2.3.5Fuel Switching: Heat Pump Water Heater to Fossil Fuel Water Heater97

2.3.6Water Heater Tank Wrap104

2.3.7Water Heater Temperature Setback107

2.3.8Water Heater Pipe Insulation111

2.3.9Low Flow Faucet Aerators113

2.3.10Low Flow Showerheads118

2.3.11Thermostatic Shower Restriction Valve123

2.4Appliances127

2.4.1ENERGY STAR Refrigerators127

2.4.2ENERGY STAR Freezers135

2.4.3Refrigerator / Freezer Recycling with and without Replacement139

2.4.4ENERGY STAR Clothes Washers152

2.4.5ENERGY STAR Dryers157

2.4.6Fuel Switching: Electric Clothes Dryer to Gas Clothes Dryer160

2.4.7ENERGY STAR Dishwashers163

2.4.8ENERGY STAR Dehumidifiers166

2.4.9ENERGY STAR Water Coolers169

2.4.10ENERGY STAR Ceiling Fans171

2.5Consumer Electronics174

2.5.1ENERGY STAR Televisions174

2.5.2ENERGY STAR Office Equipment178

2.5.3Smart Strip Plug Outlets181

2.6Building Shell184

2.6.1Ceiling / Attic and Wall Insulation184

2.6.2ENERGY STAR Windows191

2.6.3Residential New Construction194

2.6.4Home Performance with ENERGY STAR199

2.6.5ENERGY STAR Manufactured Homes201

2.7Miscellaneous207

2.7.1Pool Pump Load Shifting207

2.7.2Variable Speed Pool Pumps (with Load Shifting Option)210

3Commercial and Industrial Measures215

3.1Lighting215

3.1.1Lighting Fixture Improvements215

3.1.2New Construction Lighting226

3.1.3Lighting Controls239

3.1.4Traffic Lights242

3.1.5LED Exit Signs245

3.1.6LED Channel Signage248

3.1.7LED Refrigeration Display Case Lighting251

3.2HVAC254

3.2.1HVAC Systems254

3.2.2Electric Chillers263

3.2.3Water Source and Geothermal Heat Pumps268

3.2.4Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps Commercial < 5.4 tons277

3.2.5Fuel Switching: Small Commercial Electric Heat to Natural gas / Propane / Oil Heat282

3.2.6Small C/I HVAC Refrigerant Charge Correction287

3.2.7ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioner292

3.2.8Controls: Guest Room Occupancy Sensor296

3.2.9Controls: Economizer300

3.3Motors and VFDs304

3.3.1Premium Efficiency Motors304

3.3.2Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Improvements317

3.3.3ECM Circulating Fan320

3.3.4VSD on Kitchen Exhaust Fan324

3.4Domestic Hot Water326

3.4.1Electric Resistance Water Heaters326

3.4.2Heat Pump Water Heaters332

3.4.3Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers for Retrofit Programs339

3.4.4Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers for Time of Sale / Retail Programs345

3.4.5Fuel Switching: Electric Resistance Water Heaters to Gas / Oil / Propane351

3.4.6Fuel Switching: Heat Pump Water Heaters to Gas / Oil / Propane358

3.5Refrigeration367

3.5.1High-Efficiency Refrigeration/Freezer Cases367

3.5.2High-Efficiency Evaporator Fan Motors for Reach-In Refrigerated Cases371

3.5.3High-Efficiency Evaporator Fan Motors for Walk-in Refrigerated Cases377

3.5.4Controls: Evaporator Fan Controllers383

3.5.5Controls: Floating Head Pressure Controls386

3.5.6Controls: Anti-Sweat Heater Controls390

3.5.7Controls: Evaporator Coil Defrost Control394

3.5.8Variable Speed Refrigeration Compressor397

3.5.9Strip Curtains for Walk-In Freezers and Coolers399

3.5.10Night Covers for Display Cases408

3.5.11Auto Closers411

3.5.12Door Gaskets for Walk-in and Reach-in Coolers and Freezers414

3.5.13Special Doors with Low or No Anti-Sweat Heat for Low Temp Case416

3.5.14Suction Pipe Insulation for Walk-In Coolers and Freezers419

3.6Appliances421

3.6.1ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer421

3.7Food Service Equipment429

3.7.1High-Efficiency Ice Machines429

3.7.2Controls: Beverage Machine Controls433

3.7.3Controls: Snack Machine Controls436

3.7.4ENERGY STAR Electric Steam Cooker438

3.7.5ENERGY STAR Refrigerated Beverage Machine443

3.8Building Shell446

3.8.1Wall and Ceiling Insulation446

3.9Consumer Electronics451

3.9.1ENERGY STAR Office Equipment451

3.9.2Office Equipment Network Power Management Enabling456

3.9.3Smart Strip Plug Outlets459

3.10Compressed Air461

3.10.1Cycling Refrigerated Thermal Mass Dryer461

3.10.2Air-Entraining Air Nozzle464

3.10.3No-Loss Condensate Drains468

3.11Miscellaneous473

3.11.1ENERGY STAR Servers473

4Agricultural Measures478

4.1Agricultural478

4.1.1Automatic Milker Takeoffs478

4.1.2Dairy Scroll Compressors481

4.1.3High Efficiency Ventilation Fans with and without Thermostats484

4.1.4Heat Reclaimers488

4.1.5High Volume Low Speed Fans491

4.1.6Livestock Waterer494

4.1.7Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Controller on Dairy Vacuum Pumps497

4.1.8Low Pressure Irrigation System501

5Appendices505

5.1Appendix A: Measure Lives505

5.2Appendix B: Relationship between Program Savings and Evaluation Savings510

5.3Appendix C: Lighting Audit and Design Tool511

5.4Appendix D: Motor & VFD Audit and Design Tool512

5.5Appendix E: Lighting Audit and Design Tool for C&I New Construction Projects513

5.6Appendix F: Eligibility Requirements for Solid State Lighting Products in Commercial and Industrial Applications514

5.6.1Solid State Lighting514

5.7Appendix G: Zip Code Mapping516

List of Figures

Figure 21: Daily Load Shapes for Hot Water Measurers114

Figure 22: Daily Load Shapes for Hot Water Measures119

Figure 23: Daily Load Shapes for Hot Water Measures124

Figure 24: Determination of Discard and Keep Distribution145

Figure 25: Secondary Market Impacts147

Figure 26: Savings Net of Freeridership and Secondary Market Impacts148

Figure 27: Induced Replacement149

Figure 28: Uo Baseline Requirements204

Figure 31: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types328

Figure 32: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types328

Figure 33: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types334

Figure 34: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types334

Figure 35: Dependence of COP on outdoor wetbulb temperature336

Figure 36: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types340

Figure 37: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types.341

Figure 38: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types346

Figure 39: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types.347

Figure 310: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types353

Figure 311: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types354

Figure 312: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types360

Figure 313: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types361

Figure 314: Dependence of COP on outdoor wetbulb temperature.362

Figure 315: Utilization factor for a sample week in July423

Figure 41: Typical Dairy Vacuum Pump Coincident Peak Demand Reduction498

List of Tables

Table 11: End-Use Categories and Measures in the TRM3

Table 12: kWh Savings Thresholds4

Table 13: Periods for Energy Savings and Coincident Peak Demand Savings10

Table 21: ENERGY STAR Lighting - References20

Table 22: Baseline Wattage by Lumen Output for General Service Lamps (GSL)21