Introduction - OSHC
Transcript of Introduction - OSHC
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�� !"#$%Safety Technological Achievement Award
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Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) is one of the busiest airports
in the world. Every day the airport provides services to thousands
of travelers, and handles a large volume of freight. The Airport
Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) is dedicated to ensuring the safety
and high efficiency of the airport operation in all aspects. However,
like any other airports in the world, the smooth operation of HKIA
can be affected by inclement weather.
It was reported that on one occasion, airport staff were injured by a
lightning strike in the apron parking area in inclement weather. The
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Gold award winners of Safety Technological Achievement, Safety
Promotion and Safety Enhancement Programme in Hong Kong
Occupational Safety & Health Award 2004 were invited to share
their valuable experiences in this issue. All trades can benchmark
these sucessful experiences to improve the safety and health
standards at their workplaces.
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thunderstorm warnings issued by the Hong Kong Observatory
usually last for several hours. As a busy airport currently with 50
aircrafts landing and taking off every hour, stopping operation -
even temporarily - impacts on service quality and causes
considerable inconvenience to travelers. How is it possible to keep
the airport running smoothly while at the same time protecting the
safety of aircraft staff? The Airport Lightning Warning System was
therefore developed and implemented as a response to this need.
HKIA is the only airport in Asia that has installed the Dual Data
Source Airport Lightning Warning System at the apron parking
stands. "The airport has around 25,000 staff working outdoors in
the airport apron area. In every year, a number of injuries were
caused by lightning strikes or electric shocks from aircraft hit by
lightning. Therefore since 2000, AAHK had been looking for the
technology used around the world that could reduce the risk of
lightning strikes," said Mr. Siu-fai Ng, Assistant General Manager
of Airfield Business of the AAHK.
"At first, the AAHK searched for a 100% safe thunderstorm
protection system, only to find out that no such system existed. It
was also felt that such a system would be likely to mislead staff into
thinking that their safety was guaranteed, and hence fail to take
precautionary actions. That attitude would increase the chance of
accidents". After thorough research, the AAHK imported a US
designed lightning warning system and tuned with experience of
operational the system to suit the HKIA geographical situation."
The majority of lightning warning systems used worldwide relies
on a single source to detect thunderstorm movement or the
accumulation of electrons but such system could have big number
of "false alarm", which resulted in impacting the smooth operation
of the airport The system adopted by the AAHK assesses
atmospheric conditions and lightning positions using data
measurements from two sources. The computer system then
automatically analyzes this data and a more accurate lightning threat
can be predicted. The warning signal has also been simplified to
give an "Amber" warning and a "Red" warning, rather than the
previous five-category warning system.
The system is connected to CLP Power Hong Kong Limited's
detection radar which monitors lightning movement over the entire
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region of Hong Kong. The data from CLP Power coupled with data
from a pairs of local electric mills sensors that monitor the
atmospheric conditions around the airport evaluate the likelihood
of lightning strikes accurately. Relevant warning signals are issued
based on this dual evaluation.
If the system detects a build up of electrons, indicating the possibility
that a lightning may enter the airport's atmospheric environment,
an "Amber" warning is issued. In this situation, all unnecessary
works must be suspended. If the likelihood of lightning strikes in
the area within 6-7 kilometres of the airport is calculated to be
extremely high, a "Red" warning is issued. In this situation, all
outdoor aircraft staff must be evacuated immediately to safe places.
Mr. Ng pointed out that, although the Hong Kong Observatory
also issues airport thunderstorm warnings, these warnings cover a
large area and the warnings are sometimes in effect for several
hours. The warning issued by the Airport Lightning Warning System
is relatively short and precise, and does not significantly affect the
busy airport operation. In 2003, the system issued 71 red warnings,
and most of them lasted between 15 to 30 minutes. There were no
cases of injury caused by lightning strikes in that year.
The Airport Lightning Warning System also includes the aircraft
earthing system to keep the aircraft body earthed at all time for the
discharge of excessive amount of static electric current during
thunderstorm more efficiently. When a cloud is fully charged as in
a thunderstorm, static electricity on the aircraft body also built up
quickly, lightning will take the shortest path of the lowest resistance
by flashing over to aircraft metallic parts to ground. In the past,
there are occasions that staff working on the body of an aircraft
received shocks from static electricity that have knocked them to
the ground" said Mr. H. W. Lau, Senior Manager of Airport Safety
of the Airport Authority Hong Kong.
Although simple in design, the aircraft earthing system plays a very
important role in reducing the risk of lightning strikes in open areas.
The earthing system is a devise to connect the aircraft to the earthing
pit on the apron to discharge excessive current to the ground.
Aircraft earthing receptacles are installed at each aircraft-parking
stand on the ground level, connected by copper conduits to the
nearest earthing pit on the apron floor. The earthing system�� !"#$ !%Aircraft grounding system and earthing receptacle
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designed is based on the concept of keeping the aircraft body
earthed at all times and discharges electric current during
thunderstorm. The purpose of it is to protect people or facilities
under its coverage," said Mr. Lau.
"During summer, Hong Kong experiences dramatic weather
changes which results in a high probability of lightning strikes
occurring. The Airport Lightning Warning System could also be
applied to monitor weather over public open areas and facilities,
such as golf courses, swimming pools and container terminals etc.
The Hong Kong Observatory is considering installing a similar
system for the whole HKSAR region in general. Therefore, a more
accurate local lightning threat can be predicted," added Mr. Lau.
Apart from the implementation of the lightning warning system,
AAHK also recognizes the importance of its management system
and rules and regulations to ensure safety. Mr. Ng explained that
the lightning warning system is only a piece of hardware. Software
is also essential in order to make the system work effectively.
Therefore, the AAHK has set up clear guidelines for all employees
working in the airport to follow. For instance, if an "Amber" warning
is issued, the rule is that all unnecessary works must be suspended
and all aircraft staff must comply with this guideline. "Only good
discipline will make the system function well," stressed Mr. Ng.
As the only airport in Asia that has installed the Dual Data Source
Airport Lightning Warning System, AAHK is proud of its
achievement. "The AAHK is committed to maintaining safety as a
top priority, and wishes to share its experiences with others. Since
the launch of the system for two years, it has proved to be safe and
reliable, and we want to share our experience with other airports."
Mr. Ng revealed that the representatives of US Federal Aviation
Administration and several other airports in this region visited the
airport. Very favourable comments were received.
Because of the excellent design of the lightning warning system,
the AAHK took the opportunity to participate in its first competition
in the Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Award in 2004
and received the Gold Award in Safety Technological Achievement
Award. "The AAHK is committed to enhance, safety, quality and
efficiency of its service. If any state-of-the-art technology is
applicable to improve safety and efficiency of airport operation in
the future, we will not hesitate to use it," concluded Mr. Ng.
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The Hongkong Electric Company, Limited (Hongkong Electric) has
served the customers of Hong Kong Island and Lamma Island for
over 110 years. In addition to providing reliable power supply for
customers, Hongkong Electric also values its performance in
occupational safety and health (OSH). The safety management
system has been launched in the late 1980s, and Hongkong Electric
has committed to create a safe and healthy working environment
for its employees. Since then, its annual number of accidents has
dropped from double digits to single digit, sometimes even zero.
"Our company is not only dedicated to providing a high quality
and reliable power supply, but we are also committed to overall
employee safety and health issues", said Mr. B.K. Mak, Chief
Technical Services Engineer of Hongkong Electric. He stressed the
point that, as a public utility company, if Hongkong Electric's safety
management is of a high quality, not only employees, but the
company itself and society at large will benefit from it. This is a "tri-
win" situation. Conversely, when one accident occurred, it could
affect the morale of employees, the company's reputation, and the
quality in the company's service to the public.
After years of efforts, Hongkong Electric has made tremendous
progress in terms of OSH. All employees and contractors now fully
understand the significance of safety responsibilities, and their
overall safety awareness has improved drastically. The management
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believes that the most important aspect of the Safety Management
System lies in OSH promotion and education. To that end, besides
providing resources, the management also participates in OSH
policy-making as well as promotional activities. With management's
support and recognition, Hongkong Electric's safety professionals
are heavily involved in the organization and promotion of OSH
activities and therefore strive to achieve their safety goals.
Hongkong Electric's Safety Management System structure is
composed of the following 4 tiers: The HEC Health and Safety Board,
Divisional Health and Safety Committees, Departmental Health and
Safety Committees and Health and Safety Subcommittees for Staff/
Frontline Workers. Following the system, department heads must
meet with their employees every month in a safety committee
meeting to discuss OSH issues and must also report to the respective
Divisional Health and Safety Committee; Divisional Health and
Safety Committees hold their safety management meetings
quarterly and they must report to HEC Health and Safety Board;
and the HEC Health and Safety Board in turn hold a safety
management meeting quarterly to discuss OSH issues and make
related policies with an aim to enhance safety performance. The
HEC Health and Safety Board, as the top safety decision group,
holds annual safety management meetings at the end of each year
to review whole year's safety performance, including whether the
company's performance meets targets and safety promotion is
conducted effectively. It is also responsible for setting the following
year's safety targets and plans.
"In determining the next year's OSH promotion theme, the
management will take several factors into consideration: Is there
any enforcement of new safety legislation? Any conclusive trends
of accident-related figures? What are the major causes behind
particular accidents? Are there any new types of work required
attention?" explained by Mr. Mak.
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Hongkong Electric's safety promotion theme for this year is "Safe
Manual Handling and Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders at
Workplaces". Although Hongkong Electric's accident figures have
reached a low level in recent years, manual handling operations
remain the area of concern. These jobs are carried out by frontline
workers who usually work outdoors and are therefore more likely to
suffer from musculoskeletal disorder. By promoting safe manual
handling and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, the
management hopes that it will improve frontline workers' safety
awareness when assuming manual handling operations.
Hongkong Electric organizes Health and Safety Month every year
during May or June. "The activity has been a success since its
inception. Apart from promoting particular themes, it aims to
encourage employees to participate. For instance, with the aim of
enhancing their safety awareness and behaviour, employees are
encouraged to design their own safety posters and safety promotion
leaflets are designed, with the aim to heighten their safety awareness
and behaviour," added Mr. Mak.
In addition, Hongkong Electric recently launched a Safety
Suggestion Programme in order to jointly foster a safety culture
among employees. "The programme is an important
communication mechanism from frontline to top management of
the company," said Mr. Mak. Employees' reaction to the
programme has been positive since its implementation and there
were over 60 suggestions/recommendations received in 2003. The
management greatly values these suggestions and safety
professionals consider every suggestion. If the suggestions are
constructive, an improvement will be made accordingly. For
example, when employees were concerned that traffic accident
might occur at turning a corner in the parking lot during raining
days, Hongkong Electric laid a layer of steel sand around the corner
in order to prevent cars from slipping.�� !"#$%&'()*+,-./012Safety suggestion : layer of steel sand was laid around the cornerto prevent cars from slipping.
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Hongkong Electric also organizes safety lucky draws for employees,
to encourage them to contribute to the safe operation of the
company. Hongkong Electric also presents souvenirs to employees
who have made safety suggestions as a further incentive. During
the safety lucky draw, the management will openly recognize those
employees who have made good safety suggestions. Hongkong
Electric also awards those frontline workers who have been driving
safely for every 30,000 kilometres. This award programme has
upgraded employee safe driving awareness, and reduced the
chance of traffic accidents.
"But, the most rewarding programme is Safety Ambassador Visits",
said Mr. Mak. Since its implementation in 1995, safety professionals
visit frontline work-sites every month, to see if there is room for
safety improvements. For example, as a result of their visit, they
learn from frontline workers of the difficulty in bending /straightening
electric cables. This may be the cause of possible musculoskeletal
disorder. This discovery resulted in the safety professionals working
with the frontline workers to design a cable handling device to solve
the problem. In this case, the management won respect from its
employees for improving site safety.
Mr. Mak concluded that to promote OSH successfully, the
management should carry out programmes from the top level of
the company down to the frontline, while also giving proper in-
house safety rules and guidelines. Employees should comply with
safety procedures while working, and put forward safety suggestions
when appropriate. The safety promotion program should also be
target oriented with clear objectives and messages. "Even for a
small or medium sized enterprise, it is necessary to implement the
Safety Management System. The difference between them and
that of the big companies lies merely in size and resources. But, in
the long run, it is definitely worthwhile to invest in safety and health",
said Mr. Mak.
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CLP Power Hong Kong Limited
(CLP Power) is not only committed
to providing a reliable power
supply for over two mill ion
customers, but also dedicates
itself to upgrading overall
occupational safety and health
level. The design of the "Comfort
Pro-Mobile Multi-Function Cable
Jointing Compartment" (the
Comfort Pro) is one of the
examples demonstrating its effort
in striving for excellence . The design has been awarded the Safety
Enhancement Programme Gold Award in this year's Hong Kong
Occupational Safety and Health Award.
Cable jointing, a key process in electricity transmission network
projects, is usually carried out in an outdoor environment. The quality
of the work can be easily affected by such external factors as adverse
weather and dusty environment. If the joint is contaminated, the
reliability of the power supply system can, in turns, be affected.
In the past, CLP Power constructed temporary working compartment
with metal scaffolding and canvas to shelter the work site from
external environment. Since many metal struts were required to
support the compartment, the available interior working space was
limited making it inconvenient to work inside. The limited space
inside the compartment also made it difficult to install lifting
equipment onto the scaffolding. Workers were therefore required
to carry out lifting works manually, which may cause injuries. Besides,
the compartment was still vulnerable to weather influence, meaning
on-going work would have to be postponed under adverse weather
conditions.
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�� !"E�F�� !"#E�FIr Lo Pak-cheong (left) and Ir Chow Kwok-ming (right)
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To overcome the above shortcomings, CLP Power formed a Quality
Improvement Circle, a team comprising engineers, supervisors and
frontline workers with a vision to improve the overall OSH
performance level, environmental friendliness, production quality
while balancing public interests for cable jointing works. "From
Comfort Pro's conceptualization to its final implementation, the
Safety, Health, Environment and Quality Circle had gathered various
opinions, especially from frontline workers and subcontractors.
Through their continuous reviews and refinements, Comfort Pro
finally succeeded," said Ir Lo Pak-Cheong, Acting Manager-
Engineering Projects of CLP Power.
"The design of the Comfort Pro aligned with our company's OSH
and quality commitment. It had taken into account of the OSH
elements which provides a safer and healthier working environment
for workers significantly. The chance of employee injuries is hence
significantly reduced. In a sheltered environment, the quality of the
cable jointing work is also ensured," added Ir. Lo.
The Comfort Pro typically has two levels. The upper level can be
used as a temporary office or a store room while the lower level is
mainly used as a cable jointing unit. The new compartment allows
spacious passageways and the construction of working stations.
Pre-installed on the ceiling of the lower level, the lifting supporting
facilities allow workers to use electrical/mechanical lifting equipment
thereby lowering their chance of back injures arising from manual
handling. Moreover, such work hazards as collapsing of the trench
or scaffolding are also prevented.
In addition to protecting the jointing process against bad weather
and pest problems, the enclosed design of the Comfort Pro provides
an air-conditioned environment to control humidity and temperature
inside the compartment - the two key factors affecting the quality
of cable jointing works. "An air-conditioned working environment
means a more comfortable workplace for workers. And, with
sufficient lighting, it also helps improve workers' performance inside
the compartment. The implementation of the Comfort Pro was
well received by frontline workers. They do not need to work under
strong heat and heavy rain any longer. Their work efficiency has
been improved significantly since the use of the Comfort Pro,"
added Ir. Lo.
What's more, the Comfort Pro can screen off the working area
from the public thereby avoiding inadvertent intrusions. Its sound
11
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insulating design also minimises work-related noise to the
community. And its enclosed design provides secure indoor storage
for valuable tools and equipment. Finally, its design is more compact
than the previous one, causing less inconvenience to the public.
CLP Power, on average, conducts 150 transmission cable jointing
works every year. Currently, two sets of the Comfort Pro are now
put in place, and CLP Power plans to expand its application
gradually. "Each Comfort Pro can be used for 15 times at least,
and most of its parts are reusable. Previously most of the materials
used in the old-styled compartment have to be abandoned, creating
a great deal of waste," said Ir. Lo.
The Comfort Pro's modular design also results in shorter assembling
time. "It usually takes 5 days to assemble the old-styled
compartment, but only 4 days for Comfort Pro. Because of its
modular design, the Comfort Pro can accommodate different sizes
of work sites environment. Most importantly, the Comfort Pro can
save up to 15% in terms of total cost when compared with
conventional compartment.."
Interestingly, the Comfort Pro also serves other purposes apart
from being a cable jointing compartment. "CLP Power plans to
use its outer walls as a gateway for company publicity and to
beautify the environment," said Ir. Lo.
Ir. Lo believed that a range of industries can also benefit from the
use of Comfort Pro. In the future, the Company will promote the
idea to other sectors by participating in various competitions and
symposiums. In December 2004, they attended a quality control
circle symposium held in Thailand where advantages of Comfort
Pro were introduced to overseas institutions.
The launch of the Comfort Pro demonstrates CLP Power's on-going
commitment to upgrading OSH level and working toward the target
of "zero accidents". When asked about CLP Power's future plans
in innovation, Ir. Lo revealed that their Safety, Health and
Environment Quality Circle is now studying the possibility of using
high-pressure water guns, combined with elevated working
platforms, to wash the outer walls of the Company's premises. This
practice is safer than existing practice of using gondola to perform
the task. Moreover, with preserving the environment in mind, they
intend to recycle the waste water generated by wall washing. "The
project has reached its final stage, and will soon be implemented
in the Company," finally added Ir. Lo.
�� !"#==The Comfort Pro
12
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Study Mission is one of the effective ways of benchmarking. To provideopportunities on understanding the implementation of OSH bestpractices. The Green Cross Group will organize a benchmarking visit inMarch 2005 and welcome your active participation.
Visit to Hong Yip Service Company Ltd. – Tsuen Wan PlazaHong Yip Service Company Ltd. (Hong Yip) is mainly engaged in theprovision of property and facilities management services for over 310properties in Hong Kong. Hong Yip formed its Safety Committee in2000, and then developed its Safety Management System aiming tomeet the OHSAS 18001 standards. This visit will let you know moreabout the Hong Yip's Safety Management System and itsimplementation, as well as the occupational safety and health measuresadopted for maintenance and renovation works carried out in theshopping malls under Hong Yip's management. Please don't hesitateto join this visit for experience sharing.
Date : 16 March 2005 (Wednesday)
Time : 2:30 pm - 5:00 pm
Nominal Fee : $50 (including transportation fee and insurance premium)
Quotas : 20
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“OSH Link” is a bilingual newsletter published by the Occupational Safety& Health Council. The Council accepts no responsibility for any viewsexpressed in any articles published in the “OSH Link”.
�� !"#$ OU�� !" NV�19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong�� Tel: 2739 9377 �� Fax: 2739 9779�� ! E-mail: [email protected] �� Homepage: www.oshc.org.hk
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�� ==Enrolment FormE� OMMR � O � OU�� !" OTPV=VTTV==Please fax to 2739 9779 before 28 Feb 2005F
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Visit to Hong Yip Service Company Ltd. – Tsuen Wan Plaza (16 March 2005)
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