Introduction oral medicine-primary and secondary lesions
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Transcript of Introduction oral medicine-primary and secondary lesions
Oral Medicine & Radiology
Oral Diagnosis
Oral Diagnosis
Oral Medicine
Oral Medicine
Oral Radiology
Oral Radiology
Oral Diagnosis is defined as an art and science of identifying an oral disease from its symptoms and signs.Oral Diagnosis is defined as an art and science of identifying an oral disease from its symptoms and signs.
DefinitionsDefinitions
Oral Medicine is defined as that branch of dentistry which deals with:
1. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of:
a. Oral mucosal diseases
b. Local oral diseases
c. Oral manifestations of systemic diseases
2. Dental management of physiologically compromised
patients.
Oral Medicine is defined as that branch of dentistry which deals with:
1. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of:
a. Oral mucosal diseases
b. Local oral diseases
c. Oral manifestations of systemic diseases
2. Dental management of physiologically compromised
patients.
Oral Radiology is defined as a science composed of
technical and interpretative procedures that
interdependently result in useful diagnostic data.
Oral Radiography is defined as an art and science of
producing photographic image of oral tissues through
use of x-radiation.
Oral Radiology is defined as a science composed of
technical and interpretative procedures that
interdependently result in useful diagnostic data.
Oral Radiography is defined as an art and science of
producing photographic image of oral tissues through
use of x-radiation.
Reading Material
Lecture notes
Burket’s Oral Medicine
by Malcolm Lynch, 8th / 9th Edition
Oral Radiology: Principles & Interpretation
by Goaz & White, 2nd / 3rd Edition
Differential Diagnosis of Oral Lesions
by Goaz & Wood, 2nd / 3rd Edition
Lecture notes
Burket’s Oral Medicine
by Malcolm Lynch, 8th / 9th Edition
Oral Radiology: Principles & Interpretation
by Goaz & White, 2nd / 3rd Edition
Differential Diagnosis of Oral Lesions
by Goaz & Wood, 2nd / 3rd Edition
Oral Medicine is defined as that branch of dentistry which deals with:
1. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of:
a. Oral mucosal diseases
b. Local oral diseases
c. Oral manifestations of systemic
diseases
2. Dental management of physiologically
compromised patients.
Oral Medicine is defined as that branch of dentistry which deals with:
1. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of:
a. Oral mucosal diseases
b. Local oral diseases
c. Oral manifestations of systemic
diseases
2. Dental management of physiologically
compromised patients.
Oral MedicineOral Medicine
• Oral manifestations of systemic diseases• Dental management of physiologically
compromised patients.
• Oral manifestations of systemic diseases• Dental management of physiologically
compromised patients.
Oral mucosal
diseases
Oral mucosal
diseases
Local oral diseasesLocal oral diseases
CLASSIFICATION OF ORAL DISEASESCLASSIFICATION OF ORAL DISEASES
Some ways of classifying oral diseases :
~ Based on etiologye.g. viral, traumatic
~ Based on the pathological process involved e.g. inflammatory, neoplastic~ Based on symptoms
e.g. recurrent, painful conditions, tumorous conditions~ Based on clinical appearance of lesions
e.g. ulcerative, vesicular, erosive~ Based on origin
e.g. developmental, acquired
Some ways of classifying oral diseases :
~ Based on etiologye.g. viral, traumatic
~ Based on the pathological process involved e.g. inflammatory, neoplastic~ Based on symptoms
e.g. recurrent, painful conditions, tumorous conditions~ Based on clinical appearance of lesions
e.g. ulcerative, vesicular, erosive~ Based on origin
e.g. developmental, acquired
“A lesion is a localized area of disease or injury in any organ or
tissue of the body”
“A lesion is a localized area of disease or injury in any organ or
tissue of the body”ORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONSORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONS
WHITE
ULCERULCER
EXOPHYTICEXOPHYTIC
YELLOWYELLOW DRAININGand PITS
DRAININGand PITS
BROWNISH,BLUISH
or BLACK
BROWNISH,BLUISH
or BLACKREDRED
KeratoticKeratoticNecroticNecrotic
SolitarySolitary GeneralizedGeneralized TongueTongue
ORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONSORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONS
WHITE
ULCERULCER
EXOPHYTICEXOPHYTIC
YELLOWYELLOW DRAININGand PITS
DRAININGand PITS
BROWNISH,BLUISH
or BLACK
BROWNISH,BLUISH
or BLACKREDRED
KeratoticKeratoticNecroticNecrotic
SolitarySolitary GeneralizedGeneralized TongueTongue
Leukoplakia, Lichen planus, Burns
Aphthous, Traumatic,Malignant
Erythroplakia, Acuteatrophic candidiasis,
Glossitis
Fibroma, Mucocele,Tori, Pyogenic
granuloma
Fordyce’s granules,Lipoma, Jaundice,
CarotenemiaMelanoma,Mucocele, Petechiae
& ecchymoses
Lip pits,Draining abscess, Oro-antral fistula
Another way of classifying oral lesions :Another way of classifying oral lesions :
PRIMARY
LESION
SECONDARY LESION
Macule, Plaques, Papule, Patch
Nodule, Tumor
Vesicle, Bulla, Pustule
Petechia, Ecchymosis
Macule, Plaques, Papule, Patch
Nodule, Tumor
Vesicle, Bulla, Pustule
Petechia, Ecchymosis
Macule: Sharply circumscribed discoloration (flat) up to 1 cm in diameter Macule: Sharply circumscribed discoloration (flat) up to 1 cm in diameter
Patch: Sharply circumscribed discoloration (flat) more than 1 cm in diameter
Patch: Sharply circumscribed discoloration (flat) more than 1 cm in diameter
Papule: Well circumscribed, solid, flat-topped raised lesion up to 1 cm in diameter Papule: Well circumscribed, solid, flat-topped raised lesion up to 1 cm in diameter
Plaque: Well circumscribed solid raised lesion more than 1 cm in diameter Plaque: Well circumscribed solid raised lesion more than 1 cm in diameter
Nodule: Well circumscribed solid, rounded projection up to 1 cm in diameter Nodule: Well circumscribed solid, rounded projection up to 1 cm in diameter
Tumor: Well circumscribed solid, rounded projection more than 1 cm in diameter Tumor: Well circumscribed solid, rounded projection more than 1 cm in diameter
Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter
Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter
Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter
Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter
Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter
Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter
Pustule: Sharply circumscribed pus-filled elevation similar to vesicle or bullaPustule: Sharply circumscribed pus-filled elevation similar to vesicle or bulla
Petechiae: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments up to 1 cm in diameter
Petechiae: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments up to 1 cm in diameter
Ecchymosis: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments more than 1 cm in diameter
Ecchymosis: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments more than 1 cm in diameter
Petechiae: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments up to 1 cm in diameter
Petechiae: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments up to 1 cm in diameter
Ecchymosis: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments more than 1 cm in diameter
Ecchymosis: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments more than 1 cm in diameter
Another way of classifying oral lesions :Another way of classifying oral lesions :
PRIMARY
LESION
SECONDARY LESION
Erosion, Ulcer, Scar
Infiltration
Erosion, Ulcer, Scar
Infiltration
Erosion: Loss of superficial layers of epithelium Erosion: Loss of superficial layers of epithelium
Ulcer: Break in the continuity of the epithelium (deeper than an erosion) Ulcer: Break in the continuity of the epithelium (deeper than an erosion)
Scar: Deposit of highly fibrous tissue subsequent to ulcer or injury Scar: Deposit of highly fibrous tissue subsequent to ulcer or injury
Infiltration: Extension of the primary lesion into the deeper tissue causing fixity or induration
Infiltration: Extension of the primary lesion into the deeper tissue causing fixity or induration
“Colour Atlas of Oral Diseases”
George Laskaris2nd Edition, 1994
“Colour Atlas of Oral Diseases”
George Laskaris2nd Edition, 1994
DESCRIPTION OF A DISEASE PROCESSDESCRIPTION OF A DISEASE PROCESS
DefinitionDefinition
Etiology & PathogenesisEtiology & Pathogenesis
EpidemiologyEpidemiology
Clinical Features : age, sex, site, symptoms & signsClinical Features : age, sex, site, symptoms & signs
Radiographic FeaturesRadiographic Features
Histological FeaturesHistological Features
Investigations, Diagnosis & Differential DiagnosisInvestigations, Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis
Treatment & PrognosisTreatment & Prognosis
Etiology & PathogenesisEtiology & Pathogenesis
Clinical Features : age, sex, site, symptoms & signsClinical Features : age, sex, site, symptoms & signs
Radiographic FeaturesRadiographic Features
Investigations, Diagnosis & Differential DiagnosisInvestigations, Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis
Treatment & PrognosisTreatment & Prognosis