Introduction of Open Source GIS

1st June, 2016

Special Lecture for Kazakhstan Delegates

Gaia3D, Inc.

Shin, Sanghee([email protected])

Introduction of Open Source GIS- A new way to grow together! -

Special Lecture for Kazakhstan Delegates – 2016/06/01 Shin, Sanghee([email protected])

I-1. What is Open Source SW?

q Open source SW(OSS) is the computer SW that is available in source code form under certain licenses.

q Users of OSS are permitted to use, copy, study, change, improve and even redistribute those OSS freely.

q ‘Free’ does not mean ‘Free of Charge’ but ‘Freedom’ or ‘Liberty’

I. Overview of Open Source SW

5

FreedomOf

Software

Freedom of

Redistribute

Freedom of

Modify

Freedomof

Copy

Freedom of

Use


Cathedral Bazaar

Leverage own knowledge Leverage others knowledge too

<Closed Development> <Open Development>

§ Designed and developed by inside R&D lab

§ Inside knowledge, intellectual property, experiences

§ Idling knowledge, limited leveraging outside knowledge

§ Designed and developed with other outside partners

§ Inside knowledge + outside knowledge

§ ‘We are smarter than Me!!’

In-House

Development

Collaborative

Development

è Leveraging inside & outside knowledge


6

q Open Source Software Development Model

I-2. Cathedral vs. Bazaar


I-3. Benefits of Open Source SW

7

q Benefits of Open Source Software

§ Empower people, save money, save resources, increase stability, access to source code, access to

skilled community of developers

Develop the society by sharing technology & outcomes!!

1. TechnologicalAspects

2. EconomicalAspects

3. BusinessAspects

4. OtherAspects

Rapid development of high-class SW

Increased stability by skilled community review

Reduce technological gap to leading proprietary SW company

Internalize outside SW developer resources

Very low adoption cost

Reduce SW development cost

Easy to customize

Reuse successful story

Extend company’s products portfolio

Open up new market by providing diversified services & products

Improve brand image of company

Reduce energy

Self-Satisfaction

Help society


Special Lecture for Kazakhstan Delegates – 2016/06/01 Shin, Sanghee([email protected])8

q Open Source Advantages over Commercial SW(2007)

§ Open source’s price tag is clearly important driver. OSS is practically cheaper than commercial one.

§ 57% said that accessibility to source code really matters and 41% cited community code review as an

important benefit over proprietary.

80%

57%

41%

20%

18%

15%

15%

15%

10%

6%

5%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Price

Source Code Access

Community Code Review

Don’t Know

Bug Fix Turnaround

Security

Code Quality

Best Product Functionality

Easier to Adopt in Organization

Other

IP Protection

è Price & open source code are key factors!

* Source : Barracuda Networks

I-4. Reasons Why Select Open Source I. Overview of Open Source SW


q Open Source as Better Quality Software(2013)


Source: BlackDuck Software, ‘2013 The Future of Open Source’


q Open Source as Better Quality Software(2014)


Source: BlackDuck Software, http://www.slideshare.net/blackducksoftware/2014-future-of-open-source-survey-results

1

2

3

4

Quality

Security

Ease of Deployment

Source Code Access


II-1. What is Open Source GIS?II. Open Source GIS

q Open Source GIS

• FOSS4G : Free Open Source Software for Geo-Spatial

• GeoFOSS : Geospatial Free Open Source Software


q Current State & Needs of Open Source GIS

ü Boom-up of Open Source & Open Source GIS- Around 300 ~ 400 Open Source GIS projects are available (Freegis.org, 2011)

ü Advance of Open Source GIS- OSGeo Foundation : Commercial proprietary GIS SW can be replaced with Open Source GIS- Google used Open Source based GDAL in its Google Earth program- AutoDesk opend the source code of MapGuide, FDO & MetaCRS and then donated those to OSGeo - ESRI actively used GDAL and also changed its ArcGIS GeoPortal Server to Open Source based one

ü Active adoption of Open Source GIS in UN, EU, USA , Canada and other countries

Current State

ü Want to meet lots of needs of GIS from public sectors

ü Want More with Less!!

ü Want to replicate other people & institution’s experience

ü Want to manage & modify the system by ourselves!!

Necessity

II. Open Source GIS

II-2. Why Open Source GIS?


q Characteristics of GIS

§ GIS = Vertical Set of Many Software• Interoperability is very crucial among components• Linux, Apache, PHP are Horizontal based Software• GIS is Vertical Architecture based one from DB to web client

§ GIS as Public Infrastructure = Spatial Data Infrastructure• Vendor neutral, standard based architecture is very important• Active standardization by ISO, OGC

§ Open Source GIS as another Lego Block• Active implementation of “Standard Compatibility” by Open Source GIS• Open Source GIS could replace commercial proprietary SW/Components

II. Open Source GIS

II-3. Characteristics of GIS


q Characteristics of GIS : Vertical Set of Many Software

Data

DBMS

Server

Middleware

Interface

Client

Map Image DEM

Oracle PostgreSQL

ArcServer ArcSDE GeoServer MIP

ArcTMS TMS GeoWebCache

WMS WFS WCS CSW

ArcMAP Google Earth QGIS Web

II. Open Source GIS

II-4. GIS : Vertical Set of Many Software


q Open Source GIS as Substitute for Proprietary Software

ArcReader

ArcMap/ArcGIS

ArcINFO/ArcGRID

ArcPad

ArcSDE

ArcIMS

ArcGIS Server

VB, Python

uDig, GRASS, gvSIG, QGIS, OSSIM

uDig, GRASS, gvSIG, QGIS, OSSIM

GRASS, OSSIM, SEXTANTE

gvSIG mobile

PostGIS

Mapserver, GeoServer, DeeGree

GRASS, SEXTANTE

PHP, Python, Perl, C#.net, etc…

Viewing

Cartography

Analysis

Devices

Database

Web

Spatial Server

Scripting

II. Open Source GIS

II-5. Another Lego Block

• Source : Prof. Kwangwoo Nam


q FOSS4G Projects under OSGeo Umbrella

Geospatial

Libraries

Web

Mapping

Desktop

GIS

Metadata

Catalog

II. Open Source GIS



q C Tribe

OGR/GDAL

Mapserver

GRASS

PostGIS

OSSIM

Proj4

GEOS

QGIS

GMT

TerraLib

MapGuide

FDO

• Source : Tyler Mitchell

II. Open Source GIS



q Java Tribe

GeoTools

OpenMap

GeoServer

JTS Topology

Suite

JUMP

uDig

DeeGree

gvSIG GeoAPI


II. Open Source GIS



q .Net Tribe

Proj.NetWorldWind

NTSSharpMap

MapWindow

GDAL

Proj4

JTS

OGR


II. Open Source GIS



q Web Tribe

MapBender

TileCache

MapBuilder

CartoWeb

PostGIS

WMS

Mapserver

OpenLayers

FeatureServer

Ka-Map

Geoserver

GeoExt

MapFish

OpenScales ExtJS


II. Open Source GIS



q Google Trends Analysis

II. Open Source GIS

II-6. Rising of Open Source GIS

* Source: http://www.google.com/trends/


q FOSS4G Based SDI Architecture

III-1. FOSS4G Based NSDIIII. Open Source GIS Projects


q FOSS4G based System Architecture

Data

DBMS

Server

Middleware

Client

Open Street Map Open Aerial Map GeoNames

PostgreSQL + PostGIS

MapServer MapGuide GeoServer Deegree

Squid TMS GeoWebCache

QGIS

uDIG

Open Layers GeoExtMap Window

OWS Interface

World Wind Map FishOpen Scales

GRASS GeoNetwork



EU : INSPIRE


q EU : INSPIRE

• Hybrid model mixing proprietary and foss4g


q Geo Bolivia

• Pursuing Open Source GIS based NSDI

III-2. Real CasesIII. Open Source GIS Projects


q IGN, France

è Managing more than 100M spatial entities using PostGIS

http://www.ign.fr



q MassGIS, USA

è Using PostGIS, GeoServer, GeoExt with ESRI Products

http://maps.massgis.state.ma.us/map_ol/moris.php?Yes=Yes



q United Nations

è From ‘More with Less’ to ‘Better with Less’



q Open Source GIS Adoptions in Korea

III-3. Korean CasesIII. Open Source GIS Projects


III. Open Source GIS Projects

q NSDI Portal & GMAP

http://www.nsdi.go.kr/ http://www.gmap.go.kr

è OpenLayers was used as main web client!

III-3. Korean Cases



q Korean National Geographic Information Institute(NGII)

è PostGIS, GeoServer, OpenLayers

http://air.ngii.go.kr http://nps.ngii.go.kr

III-3. Korean Cases



q Korea Aerospace Research Institute and Korea Meteorological Administration

è GeoServer, GWC, OpenLayers

http://arirang.kari.re.kr http://gis.kma.go.kr/COMIS4P/map/map.jsp

III-3. Korean Cases



è GeoServer, GWC, SQUID, OpenLayers

III-3. Korean Cases

[Smart Phone] [FOSS4B based Transport Information Service System Architecture]

q National Transport Information Center



q Site Suitability Analysis for Investment

è PostGIS, MapServer, Open Scales

•Analysis Menu

•Analysis Results Window

III-3. Korean Cases


q Open Street Map

è OSM is made & published by people’s participation!!

III-4. Open GeoDataIII. Open Source GIS Projects


IV-1. OSGeo – Open Source Geospatial FoundationIV. OSGeo(Open Source GeoSpatial)

OSGeo - Open Source Geospatial Foundation

• Established in Chicago, US on 4th

February, 2006.

• Mission : To support the collaborative development of open source geospatial software, and promote its widespread use.

• OSGeo is a NPO that is functioning as community of communities.

q OSGeo General


q Goal & Activities of OSGeo

Goal Activities

ü Provide resources for FOSS4G projects- Infrastructures- Legal- Financial

ü Promote free and open geospatial data

ü Create and maintain a quality brand

ü Create and promote free curriculum

ü Promote and contribute to standards

ü Support FOSS4G on a global scale

ü Support local activities and capacities

ü Facilitate inter-project communication

ü Build a solid market for business and users

ü Interface with industry and academia

ü Support the education of domain experts not <brand specialists>

http://www.osgeo.org

IV-2. Goal & ActivitiesIV. OSGeo(Open Source GeoSpatial)


q OSGeo Incubation

• Efforts for ensuring high quality open source GIS development

• A kind of project health inspection

Have a successfully operating open and collaborative development community1

Have clear IP oversight of the code base of the project2

Adopt the OSGeo principles and operating principles3

Are mentored through the incubation process4

IV-3. Incubation IV. OSGeo(Open Source GeoSpatial)


q Enterprise Ready Open Source GIS Stacks

IV-4. OSGeo Live IV. OSGeo(Open Source GeoSpatial)


q FOSS4G Conference

• Annual largest open source GIS conference hosted by OSGeo

• FOSS4G 2015 was held at Seoul and FOSS4G 2016 will be held at Bonn, Germany

IV-5. ConferencesIV. OSGeo(Open Source GeoSpatial)

Image source: https://www.flickr.com/groups/2926401@N22/pool/


V. Wrap-up

q Economic Advantages – More with Less!

Hardware

Software

Overhead

SystemIntegration

Hardware

Software

Overhead

System Integration

AdditionalDevelopment

<Previous Cost Structure> <FOSS4B based Cost Structure>

• Additional development

• Could increase jobs

•More with Less

• Users can focus on their own job instead of spending SW/HW

V-1. Pros and Cons


V. Wrap-up

q Social Advantages – Capacity Building

• Free access to open source GIS

• Source access to open source GIS

Image source: Gérald Fenoy, https://www.facebook.com/gerald.fenoy

V-1. Pros and Cons


<43

V-1. Pros and ConsV. Wrap-up

ProprietarySoftware

Open SourceSoftware

§ “Software of the developers, by the developers, for the developers”§ Highly depends on network effects § Less economical incentive could reduce the sustainability of a project

q Downside of Open Source GIS


V-1. Pros and ConsV. Wrap-up

q Downside of Commercial Proprietary Software

>ProprietarySoftware

Open SourceSoftware

§ “High Price” is always headache to users§ Can be locked-in to non standard format or protocol§ Black box could hinder knowledge diffusion


V-2. Commercial Open Source GIS CompaniesV. Wrap-up


V-3. Wrap-upV. Wrap-up

•Open Source GIS is basically free.

• The price of commercial Open Source GIS is lower than proprietary oneCost Reduction

•Almost all the Open Source GIS is compliant with OGC standards

•Open Source GIS can be used with existing proprietary GISInteroperability

•Anybody can modify & upgrade the system from the source code level

•Can easily replicate or migrate success cases to their systemOpened

Source Code

•Collaboration, sharing & community based SW development model

• Source code will be managed by community not by company

•Neutrality from specific technology or company

•Anybody can join and contribute to Open Source GIS with OSGeo

Collaboration based SW

•Open Source GIS is now comparable with commercial proprietary GIS

•Open Source GIS is now actively adopted & used all around the world

Advance of Open Source

GIS

Thank you

Q&A

Introduction of Open Source GIS

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