Introduction of Laser
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Transcript of Introduction of Laser
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SUBMITTED BY,
ABDUL SABIR KHAN
NITIN RAJ BHALEKAR
SATINDER SINGH ARORA
SUBMITTED TO,
Dr. A. K. JAIN
FACULTY OF IMS
DAVV,INDORE(INDIA)
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Laser printer
Laser pointer
Laser: everywhere in your life
Laser hair removal...
l
as
e
r
RetinopathyINTRALASE - FS 60
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The basic scientific principlebehind a laser was first put
forward by DR. charles
H.townes in 1954. The efforts
of several scientists laser led tothe development of the first
laser called pulsed laser in
1960.
DR. charles H.townes
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What is laser?Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
Radiation
A device produces a coherent beam of optical radiation by
stimulating electronic, ionic, or molecular transitions to higher
energy levels
When they return to lower energy levels by stimulated
emission, they emit energy.
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Laser Types:
According to the active material:
solid-state, liquid, gas, excimer or semiconductor
lasers.
According to the wavelength:infra-red, visible, ultra-violet (UV) or x-ray lasers.
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SOLID STATE LASER
EX: RUBY LASER
LIQUID AND DYE
LASERS
GASEOUS LASERS
EX:HE-NE LASER
1.
2.
3.
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Excimer Laser:coollaser,Incredibly precise.
Excimer laser used for eye surgery.
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Applications of laser:
1.Scientific:-
a. Spectroscopyb. Lunar laser ranging
c. Photochemistry
d. Laser cooling
e. Nuclear fusion
2.Medical:-
a. eyesurgery
b. cosmetic surgery
c. ulcer detection
d. bloodlesssurgery
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INTRALASE - FS 60
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3.Military:-
a. Death rayb. Defensiveapplications
c. Strategic defense initiative
d. L
aser
sight
e. Illuminator
f. Rangefinder
g. Targetdesignator
4. Industry & Commercial
a. cutting, welding, markingb. CD player, DVD player
c. Laser printers, laser pointers
d. Ph
oto
lith
ograph
ye. Laser lightdisplay
Applications of laser:
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Nd:YAGLASER
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Nd:YAG laserNd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet; Nd:Y3Al5O12)
Nd:YAG laser with lid open showing frequencydoubled 532 nm green light.
It is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium
for solid-state lasers. The dopant, triplyionized neodymium, typically replaces yttrium in thecrystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet(YAG), since they are of similar size. Generally thecrystalline host is doped with around 1% neodymium
by atomic percent.
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Nd:YAG laser with lid open showing frequency doubled 532 nm green light
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Laser operation of Nd:YAG was first
demonstrated byG
eusicet
al. at Bell Laboratories in 1964
An Nd:YAG laser rod-
NDYAG-LASER:
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ND:YAG
LASERS ARE OPTICALLY PUMPED USING A FLASHLAMP OR LASER DIODES. THEY ARE ONE OF
THE MOST COMMON TYPES OF LASER, AND ARE USED FOR MANY DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS.
ND:YAG LASERS TYPICALLY EMIT LIGHT WITH AWAVELENGTH OF 1064 NM, INTHE INFRARED. HOWEVER, THERE ARE ALSO TRANSITIONS NEAR 940, 1120, 1320, AND1440 NM. ND:YAG LASERS OPERATE IN BOTH PULSED AND CONTINUOUS MODE.
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Nd:YAG LASEROphthalmology
Slit lamp photo of Posterior capsular pacification visible few months after
implantation of intraocular lens in eye, seen on retro illumination
Nd:YAG lasers are used in ophthalmology to correct posterior capsular o pacification,
a complication of cataract surgery, and for peripheraliridotomy in patients
with acute angle-closure
glaucoma, where it has superseded surgical iridectomy. Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG
lasers (wavelength 532 nm) are used for pan-retinal photocoagulation in patientswith diabetic retinopathy.
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Nd:YAG LASERDentistry
Nd:YAG lasersare used for softtissue surgeries in the oralcavity, suchas gingivectomy, periodontal sulculardebridement, LANAP, frenectomy, biopsy,
and coagulation of graftdonor sites.
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CO2 LASER:
The carbon dioxide laser(CO2 laser) was one
of the earliest gas lasers to be developed(invented by Kumar Patel ofBell Labs in 1964),
and is still one of the most useful.
Carbon dioxide lasers are the highest-powercontinuous wave lasers that are currently
available. They are also quite efficient.
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Applications:
1. cutting
2. welding
3. surgical procedures
Laser surgery
Skin resurfacing
Dermabrasion
Hirsuties papillaris genitalis
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Photorejuvenation
Photorejuvenation is a process involving the use
of intense pulsed light (or other thermal or
chemical methods) to treat some skin conditions
and remove wrinkles arising from photoaging.
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Types of Photorejuvenation:
There are three types of Photorejuvenation:
1. Thermal Photorejuvenation using a radio-frequency device inducing athermal effect in the skin.
2. Chemical Photorejuvenation with chemical peels.
3. Mechanical Photorejuvenation with lasers.
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Laser resurfacing:
Laser resurfacing is a technique used during laser surgery wherein the
molecular bonds are dissolved by laser. It is used for the treatment ofwrinkles, solar lentigenes, sun damage, scars (see acne scar treatment),
stretch marks, actinic keratosis and telangiectasias or "spider veins".
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Procedure:Complete resurfacing was first done with a CO2 laser. More commonly now,
a laser resurfacing is done with a fractional laser. The term fractionalpertains to the method in which the laser light is transferred. Tiny
pinpoints of laser light are used to deliver the laser to the surface of
the skin in only a fraction of the area
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Hazards
4. Electrical: Mostlasers utilizehigh voltagesthat can be
lethal.
5. Fire : Thesolvents used in dyelasersare flammable. High
voltage pulse or flashlamps may cause ignition.
Flammable materials may be ignited by direct beams orspecular reflections from high power continuous wave
(CW) infraredlasers.
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