Geographical Factorsplaces where artists stay influence their work

For instance:•Marble sculptures in Romblon because of the rich supply of marble.

Historical Factorshistorical events exert a great influence on the artist

For instance:• Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere

Social FactorsFor instance:• English writer Ben Jonson composed “Songs to Celia”• An Italian sonneteer named Francesco Petrarch wrote works for Laura

FRANCESCO PETRARCH

Ideation Factorsideas coming from various people that influence artists

For instance:•Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis, said that the human body is the most beautiful thing to present in an art. This soon gave birth to nudism.

SIGMUND FREUD

Psychological Factorsworks produced by artists are affected by their psychological make-up or framework

For instance:• “The Sick Child” by Edward Munch (right) – childhood experience of contracting an illness after the loss of a loved one.

• “The Filipino is Worth Dying for” by Sen. Benigno Aquino, Jr. – written when he was still a deportee in the U.S.

Technical Factorsusing different techniques, brushes and strokes

HARMONY

THE MILKMAID BY VERMEER

For instance: Adjacent colors on the color wheel, similar shapes etc.

PRINCIPLES OF ARTIt is the visually satisfying effect of

combining similar, related elements.

BALANCEA feeling of equality in weight, attention, or

attraction of the various visual elements within the pictorial field as a means of

accomplishing organic unity.

NO BALANCE BY BARMALISIRTB

FORMALBALANCE

INFORMAL

BALANCEhaving equal

weight on equal sides from the

center

present when the left and right side of the art display different objects

but have the same weight

FORMALBALANCE

Bilateral Symmetry – present when the left and right sides mirror each other

Radial Symmetry – exists when the same measure occurs from the central point to the

end of every radius

INFORMALBALANCE

PROPORTIONIt is the comparison of dimensions or distribution of forms.

It is the relationship in scale between one element and another, or between a whole object and one of its parts. Differing proportions within a composition can relate to different kinds of balance or symmetry, and can help establish visual weight and depth.

VITRUVIAN MAN BY FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO

RHYTHMA continuance, a flow, or a feeling of

movement achieved by the repetition of regulated visual information.

EMPHASISIt suggests that certain elements should assume more importance than others in the same composition. It contributes to organic unity by emphasizing the fact that there is one main feature and that other elements are subordinate to it.

STREET ART BY EMANUEL M. OLOGEANU

GENRES OFART

WHAT IS GENRE?• You tell your friend that you're going to the movies. The first

question that he or she may ask you is, 'what kind of movie is it?' You probably then respond that's it's a comedy, drama, horror, western or maybe even a musical. Just from your simple response, your friend will immediately know exactly what kind of experience you will have over the next couple of hours.• Genre is used to group various types of art. It provides a rule

bound world in which there are a predictable range of features and expectations. So if I decide to go to a book store and buy a fantasy novel, my expectations are that the story will feature an imaginary place with fairy tale elements such as wizards and supernatural powers and magic. Imagine if I'm expecting a fantasy and instead I wind up reading a non-fiction story on the Vietnam War. My present expectations would obviously not be met and I'd most likely be extremely disappointed.

VISUALARTS

The visual arts are art forms such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, filmmaking and architecture. Many artistic disciplines (performing arts, conceptual art, textile arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well as arts of other types.

BAROQUE

In fine art, the term Baroque (derived from the Portuguese word 'barocco' meaning, 'irregular pearl or stone') describes a fairly complex idiom, originating in Rome, which flowered during the period c.1590-1720, and which embraced painting, and sculpture as well as architecture. After the idealism of the Renaissance (c.1400-1530), and the slightly 'forced' nature of Mannerism (c.1530-1600), Baroque art above all reflected the religious tensions of the age - notably the desire of the Catholic Church in Rome (as annunciated at the Council of Trent, 1545-63) to reassert itself in the wake of the Protestant Reformation. Thus it is almost synonymous with Catholic Counter-Reformation Art of the period.

GRAPHICART

The term 'graphic art' (a derivation from the German Graphik, originating from graphikos, the Greek for drawing) commonly denotes those forms of visual expression that depend for their effect on line and tone (disegno), not color (colorito). The main classical type of graphic art is drawing, which includes cartoons, caricature, comic strips and animation, as well as line drawings and sketching with pencil or charcoal, and pen and ink. Graphic art also denotes those art forms involved in printmaking, such as etching and engraving, including drypoint. Postmodern forms include the word art of Christopher Wool (b.1955) - characterized by monumental black stenciled letters arranged on a geometric grid - and the conceptual graphic art of Barbara Kruger (b.1945).

ABSTRACT

The term 'abstract art' - also called "non-objective art", "non-figurative", "non-representational", "geometric abstraction", or "concrete art" - is a rather vague umbrella term for any painting or sculpture which does not portray recognizable objects or scenes. However, as we shall see, there is no clear consensus on the definition, types or aesthetic significance of abstract art.

Picasso thought that there was no such thing, while some art critics take the view that all art is abstract - because, for instance, no painting can hope to be more than a crude summary (abstraction) of what the painter sees. Even mainstream commentators sometimes disagree over whether a canvas should be labelled "expressionist" or "abstract" - take for example the watercolour Ship on Fire (1830, Tate), and the oil painting Snow Storm - Steam Boat off a Harbour's Mouth (1842, Tate), both by JMW Turner (1775-1851).

A similar example is Water-Lilies (1916-20, National Gallery, London) by Claude Monet (1840-1926). Also, there is a sliding scale of abstraction: from semi-abstract to wholly abstract. So even though the theory is relatively clear - abstract art is detached from reality - the practical task of separating abstract from non-abstract can be much more problematical.

PLASTICARTS

The term "plastic art" - derived from the word "plasticize", meaning "to mould" - describes any art form which involves modelling or moulding in three dimensions. The most common example of the plastic arts is sculpture. This is because sculptors chip, carve, shape or modulate a range of traditional materials, such as marble, granite, sandstone, bone, ivory, wood, and terracotta, as well as contemporary materials such as concrete, aluminum, and foam rubber.

Another type of plastic art, in this case using clay, is ceramic pottery, including earthenware, maiolica, raku and stoneware, as well as Chinese porcelain and celadon ware. Yet more types of plastic art include: collage, paper art, and Origami paper folding; metalworking, glass blowing and other forms of glass art, including mosaics; wood-working, as well as contemporary disciplines such as ice sculpture and also, sand art.

SCULPTING

The most enduring and, arguably, the greatest form of fine art known to man, sculpture has played a major role in the evolution of Western culture. Its history and stylistic development are those of Western art itself.

It is a key indicator of the cultural achievements of Classical Antiquity, and became an important influence on the development of Renaissance art in Italy. Together with architecture, it was the principal form of monumental religious art which for centuries (c.400-1800) was the driving force of European civilization. Even today, although continuously evolving, sculpture is still the leading method of expressing and commemorating both historical figures and events.

AUDIO-VISUAL ART

LITERARYARTS

Literary works include nondramatic textual works with or without illustrations. They may be published or nonpublished. Computer programs and databases also are considered literary works. Plays, dramas, and screenplays are not in the literary works category.

DRAMA

Drama is a mode of fictional representation through dialogue and performance. It is one of the literary genres, which is an imitation of some action. Drama is also a type of a play written for theaters, televisions, radios and films.

In simple words, a drama is a composition in verse or prose presenting a story in pantomime or dialogue, containing conflict of characters, particularly the ones who perform in front of audience on the stage. The person who writes drama for stage directions is known as a dramatist or playwright.

POETRY

Poetry (ancient Greek: ποιεω (poieo) = I create) is an art form in which human language is used for its aesthetic qualities in addition to, or instead of, its notional and semantic content. It consists largely of oral or literary works in which language is used in a manner that is felt by its user and audience to differ from ordinary prose.

It may use condensed or compressed form to convey emotion or ideas to the reader's or listener's mind or ear; it may also use devices such as assonance and repetition to achieve musical or incantatory effects. Poems frequently rely for their effect on imagery, word association, and the musical qualities of the language used. The interactive layering of all these effects to generate meaning is what marks poetry.

Methodsof presenting the subjects

Certain Methods of presenting arts are employed in order for it to be effective. In presenting his subject, the artist uses different methods to express the idea he wants to make clear.

INTRODUCTION

It is the attempt to portray the subject as is. The artist selects, changes, and arranges details to express the idea he wants to make clear. The artist main function is to describe accurately what is observed through the senses.

REALISM

• “Abstract” means to move away or separate

• Abstract art moves away from showing things as they really are.

• Not Realistic

ABSTRACTION

DistortionElongationManglingcubism

TYPES OF ABSTRACTION

By Henrietta HarrisThis painting is an example of distortion but is not abstract

DISTORTIONThe subject is in misshaped condition

ELONGATIONThe subject is lengthened for protraction or extension

MANGLINGSubjects are either cut, lacerated, mutilated, or hacked

CUBISMSubjects are shown in basic geometrical shapes

by Picasso

SYMBOLISMThe presentation of an invisible sign such as an idea or a quality into something visible.

Symbolism in Painting - Panaesthetics by Daniel Albright

by Armen Gasparian 1966

FAUVISMThemes are either ethical, philosophical, or psychological. Subjects express comfort, joy or happiness.

The Dance by: Henri Matisse

Charing Cross Bridge, LondonBy André Derain

DADAISMA protest movement formed in 1916 by a group of artists in Zurich, Switzerland. They try to provoke the public with outrageous forms of arts.“dada” - hobby horse

FUTURISMIts works aims to capture the speed and force of modern industrial society and to glorify the mechanical energy of modern life.

SURREALISMFounded in Paris in 1924 by French poet Andre Breton.It tries to reveal a new and higher reality than that of daily life.They aim to create a magical world ,more beautiful than the real one through art.It came from the slang of super realism.d

By Jim Warren

DIVISIONS OF ART STUDY

SCOPE OF THE STUDY OF ARTS•During second half of 20th century:• Aesthetics or art appreciation• Art history

•Now: • Extended to:• Art production• Art criticism

AESTHETICS OR ART APPRECIATION

• Art Appreciation is the knowledge and understanding of the universal and timeless qualities that identify all great art. • Admire the artists• Value highly different works of art• Appreciate the role of art in society

ART PRODUCTION

Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts (genre, design, format, and

style).

ART HISTORY

Using creativity, applying artistic knowledge and skills in producing own works of art.

VIDEO

ART CRITICISMArt criticism is the discussion or evaluation of art.

Various movements has resulted in a division of art criticism into different disciplines which may each use different criteria for their judgements.

GOAL: the pursuit of a rational basis for art appreciation

LINE–Foundation of drawing–Series of connected dots or prolongation of a point

–Suggest shape, pattern, form, structure, growth, depth, distance, rhythm, movement and a range of emotions

–Two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract

http://www.incredibleart.org/files/elements2.htm

PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO LINES

curvedcomfort and ease

horizontaldistance and calm

verticalheight and strength

jaggedturmoil and anxiety

Freehand lines – personal energy and mood of the artist

Mechanical lines – rigid control

Continuous lines – lead the eye in certain directions

Broken lines – the ephemeral or the insubstantial

Thick lines – strength

Thin lines – delicacy

DIFFERENT EXPRESSIVE QUALITIES TO LINES

CONTINUOUS LINES

FREEHAND LINES

MECHANICAL LINES

THICK LINESBROKEN LINES THIN LINES

COLOR–Most important and noticeable element

–Classified into: primary, secondary, and intermediate

–Different colored sectors used to show the relationship between colors

–Produce tints (add white), shades (add black) and tones (add grey)

–Have psychological and other connotations

COLOR WHEEL

PRIMARY COLORS

RedYellowBlue

TERTIARY COLORSmixture of secondary and primary colors

BrownGray/Grey

SECONDARY COLORS

mixture of primary colorsGreen

OrangePurple

VS

HSL BASIC

SHAPE–Two-dimensional: limited to height and width or flat

–Two categories: geometric and organicGEOMETRIC ORGANIC

–Free-flowing

–Irregular

–Nature

–Clear edges

–Manmade

FORM–Overall composition of the artwork: color, shape, juxtaposition, contrast and dimension

–Could also refer to as a three-dimensional object (3D shapes)

TEXTURE–Sense of touch–Smooth or rough, fine or coarse, glossy or dull, regular or irregular

–Dependent on medium or material he uses

SPACE–Area or surface occupied by artwork–Space can be positive (white or light) or negative (black or dark), open or closed, shallow or deep and two-dimensional or three-dimensional

PERSPECTIVE–Point of view; angle of vision; frame of reference

–Technique used to represent a three-dimensional world on a two-dimensional surface to look realistic

–Two types: one-point perspective and two-point perspective

One-point perspective when it contains only one vanishing point on the horizon line. This type of perspective is typically used for images of roads, railway tracks, hallways, or buildings viewed so that the front is directly facing the viewer.

Two-point perspective, the view is from the corner and the sides recede toward two different vanishing points

History of ArtFROM GREEK PERIOD TO POST-MODERNISM

I. GREEK PERIOD: GOLDEN AGE• The height of this period was the time of Pericles and

Thucydides, of the great dramatists Sophocles and Euripides, and of the young Socrates.• Aesthetic ideal based on the representation of human

character as an expression of a divine system embodying a rational ethic and ordered reality was integral to the culture• The sculptor Polykleitos sought to arrive at a rational

norm for the structure of the ideal human figure.

500BC

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410BC

Sculpture of Pan teaching Daphnis to play the pipes; c. 100 BCE Found in Pompeii.

GREEK PERIOD: HELLENISTIC PERIOD

• With the conquests of Alexander the Great, Greek art entered its last great phase, the Hellenistic period.

• Masterpieces of this period include the Nike (Victory) of Samothrace and Aphrodite of Melos (both: Louvre) and the Pergamum Frieze (Berlin Mus.)

336BC

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146AD

Winged Victory of Samothrace (2nd-century BC marble sculpture of the Greek goddess Nike)- one of the most celebrated sculptures in the world.

II. ROMAN PERIOD

• The particularity of Graeco-Roman art lies in its combination of Hellenic and Roman morphological elements and expressive tendencies.

146AD

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323AD

III. MEDIEVAL PERIOD• There were no portrait paintings in the art of the Middle Ages. The colors were generally somewhat muted.• In Byzantine and Gothic art of the Middle Ages, the dominance of the church insisted on the expression of biblical truths.

323AD

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1400

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IV. RENAISSANCE PERIOD

• Renaissance artists painted a wide variety of themes. Religious altarpieces, fresco cycles, and small works for private devotion were very popular.

1270

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1594

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Creazione di AdamoThe Creation of Adam is a fresco painting by Michelangelo, which forms part of the Sistine Chapel's ceiling, painted c. 1511–1512.

HIGH RENAISSANCE PERIOD• High Renaissance is the period denoting the apogee of the visual arts in the Italian Renaissance.• Extending the general rubric of Renaissance culture, the visual arts of the High Renaissance were marked by a renewed emphasis upon the classical tradition, the expansion of networks of patronage, and a gradual attenuation of figural forms into the style later termed Mannerism

DavidDavid is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created between 1501 and 1504 by Michelangelo.

Mona Lisa“The best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world"

V. AGE OF MANNERISM

•Where High Renaissance art emphasizes proportion, balance, and ideal beauty, Mannerism exaggerates such qualities, often resulting in compositions that are asymmetrical or unnaturally elegant.

1530

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1616

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The Birth of Venusby Sandro BotticelliArcimboldo

Vertumnus by Guiseppe Arcimboldo

VI. BAROQUE PERIOD

• The Baroque is often thought of as a period of artistic style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, architecture, literature, dance, theater, and music.

1600

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1750

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The Triumph of the Immaculate by Paolo de Matteis

VII. CLASSIC PERIOD

• Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for a classical period, classical antiquity in the Western tradition, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained

1644

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1793

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Crossing the Alpsby Jacques Louis David

VIII. ROCOCO PERIOD

• Rococo, less commonly roccoco, or "Late Baroque", is an 18th-century artistic movement and style, affecting many aspects of the arts including painting, sculpture, architecture, interior design, decoration, literature, music, and theatre.

1715

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1774

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Pierrotby Antoine Watteau

IX. ROMANTIC PERIOD• The movement emphasized intense emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as apprehension, horror and terror, and awe—especially that experienced in confronting the new aesthetic categories of the sublimity and beauty of nature.

1773

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1848

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Wanderer above the Sea of Fogby Caspar David Friedrich

X. REALIST AND NATURALIST PERIOD

• As intellectual and artistic movements 19th-Century Realism and Naturalism are both responses to Romanticism but are not really comparable to it in scope or influence.• Realism is a recurrent theme in art which becomes a coherent movement only after 1850.

1827

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1927

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Bonjour Monsieur Courbetby Gustave Courbet

XI. IMPRESSIONISTIC PERIOD

• A 19th-century art movement that originated with a group of Paris-based artists whose independent exhibitions brought them to prominence during the 1870s and 1880s

1863

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1900

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XI. IMPRESSIONISTIC PERIOD

• Characteristics include relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience, and unusual visual angles.

1863

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1900

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Starry Nightby Vincent Van Gogh

XII. MODERN PERIOD

• The creative world's response to the rationalist practices and perspectives of the new lives and ideas provided by the technological advances of the industrial age that caused contemporary society to manifest itself in new ways compared to the past

1895

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1990

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XII. MODERN PERIOD• Artists worked to represent their experience of the newness of modern life in appropriately innovative ways. • Characterized by the artist's intent to portray a subject as it exists in the world, according to his or her unique perspective and is typified by a rejection of accepted or traditional styles and values.

1895

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1990

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I and the Villageby Marc Chagall

XIII. POST-MODERNISM

• A body of art movements that sought to contradict some aspects of modernism or some aspects that emerged or developed in its aftermath. In general, movements such as intermedia, installation art, conceptual art and multimedia, particularly involving video are described as postmodern.

1990

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BEGINS

NOW

The Demon of Curiosityby A.R. Penck