Introduction © John Stevenson, 2009 The Book of Beginnings.
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Transcript of Introduction © John Stevenson, 2009 The Book of Beginnings.
Introduction
© John Stevenson, 2009
The Book of BeginningsThe Book of Beginnings
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
• Family Life
• Academic Life
• Family Life
• Academic Life
• Professional Life
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
• Family Life
• Academic Life
• Professional Life
• Spiritual Life
• Ministry Life
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
Group IntroductionsGroup Introductions
• Your name
• Your home church
• Where are you in your educational process?
• What classes have you already taken in the area of the Old or New Testament?
TorahTorahHebrew: “Law,
Instruction”
PentateuchPentateuchGreek: “Five-Part
Book”
NumbersNumbersRelates the wilderness
wanderings
DeuteronomyDeuteronomy
Gives the Law to a new generation with special
emphasis to those entering the land
GenesisGenesisTraces the origins of God’s
people from creation to Egypt
ExodusExodusRelates God’s deliverance of
Israel from Egypt and establishing His covenant
LeviticusLeviticus Sets forth the Laws of worship
Documentary HypothesisDocumentary Hypothesis
Jehovah Elohim
Jean Astruc: Moses utilized two different source documents
Wilhelm de Wette: Deuteronomy penned by alternate author
Deuteronomy
Documentary Hypothesis
Jehovah Elohim
Herman Hulfeld: E-1 E-2
Deuteronomy
Julius Wellhausen: J – Jehovah
E – Elohim
D – Deuteronomy
P – Priestly
Mosaic Authorship of GenesisMosaic Authorship of Genesis
• Moses was qualified to write the Moses was qualified to write the book of Genesis.book of Genesis.
• The Style of Genesis reflects an The Style of Genesis reflects an Egyptian influence.Egyptian influence.
• The unity of the book of Genesis The unity of the book of Genesis reflects a single author.reflects a single author.
Title for the BookTitle for the Book
• The Hebrew Title: tyviareB. (BeReshyth); “In the Beginning”
• Greek Title: - “Beginnings”
“THESE ARE THE GENERATIONS OF...”
Formula Contents Location
In the beginning God... Creation 1:1 - 2:3 1. This is the account of the heaven and the earth
Creation 2:4 - 4:26
2. This is the written account of Adam's Line
Genealogy: Seth to Noah 5:1 - 6:8
3. This is the account of Noah Flood & Covenant 6:9 - 9:29
4. This is the account of Shem, Ham & Japheth
Table of Nations & Babel 10:1 - 11:9
5. This is the account of Shem Genealogy: Shem to Abraham 11:10-26 6. This is the account of Terah Story of Abraham 11:27 - 25:11 7. This is the account of
Abraham's son Ishmael Genealogy of Ishmael 25:12-18
8. This is the account of Abraham's son Isaac
Transition of blessing from Isaac to Jacob
25:19 - 35:29
9. This is the account of Esau Genealogy of Esau 36:1-43 10. This is the account of Jacob Joseph & Israel in Egypt 37:1 - 50:26
““These are the generations…”These are the generations…”
• Hebrew: tAdl.At hL,ae - Elleh toledoth
• Ten sets• History of account follows: “These are
the things that followed…”Adam
AbrahamIsrael
Genesis 2:4 – 11:26 Genesis 11:27 – 50:26
5 Toledoth from Adam to Abraham
5 Toledoth fromAbraham to Israel
Genesis 1-11Events Predominant
– Creation– Fall– Flood– Tower of Babel
Genesis 12-50People Predominant
– Abraham– Isaac– Jacob– Joseph
Race as a whole Family of Abraham
Over 2000 years 250 years
Genesis Revelation
Creation of the heavens and earth.
A new heaven and a new earth.
The Tree of Life in the Garden. The Tree of Life in the New Jerusalem.
A river runs through the Garden.
A river runs through the New Jerusalem.
The first marriage: Adam and Eve.
The last marriage: The last Adam to the church.
The beginning of the career of Satan.
The end of Satan’s career: The Lake of Fire.
Death enters. Death is destroyed.
Man lost privileges because of sin.
Man regains privileges because of Christ’s payment for sin.
Beginning of sorrow, pain and death.
Christ wipes away all tears.
The first murder. No more death.
The beginning of Babylon. Babylon destroyed.
Beginning & EndingBeginning & Ending
• Genesis begins with God: “In the
beginning God created…”
• Genesis ends with a corpse: “…in
a coffin in Egypt”
Babylonian Creation AccountBabylonian Creation Account
• Enuma Elish
• Seven Tablets
• World begins in chaos
• Marduk fights Tiamat
• Heavens and earth created from her body
Ennuma ElishTiamat engulfs world
in a primal chaos.
Genesis AccountThe world was
unformed and unfilled.
Light comes from the gods.
God brings light into existence.
Marduk makes the stars of the zodiac and
ordains the year.
God sets sun and moon for signs,
seasons, days, and years.
Marduk makes man from the blood of
Kingu.
God creates man in His own image and
likeness.
Moses is giving to us a refutation of the Moses is giving to us a refutation of the accepted mythos that was held in accepted mythos that was held in
antiquity as he goes point by point to antiquity as he goes point by point to show that God is the true Creator of show that God is the true Creator of
heaven and earth.heaven and earth.
Ennuma Elish Genesis Account
Genesis 1:1Genesis 1:1
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
Elohim
• Teaches the existence of God.
• Teaches the existence of One God.
• Teaches the pre-existence of God.
• Teaches the personhood of God.
Genesis 1:1Genesis 1:1
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
bara
• An initial act of creation.
• A summary statement of the entire chapter.
Genesis 1:1Genesis 1:1
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
shamayim
aretz
Theories of CreationTheories of Creation
• Supernatural versus Evolutionary.
• A Superficial Appearance of History.
• The Gap Theory.
Genesis 1:2Genesis 1:2And the earth was formless and
void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.
6 Days of 6 Days of Re-creationRe-creation
Original Original CreationCreation
Formless Formless & Void& Void
The verb hayeta in Genesis 1:2 can be
translated “became” so that we could read that
“the earth became without form and void.”
The normal rendering of hayeta is “was” and
indicates a state of being.
Support Objections
Tohu wabohu (“formless and void”)
are a destruction which took place after God’s original creation (Jer. 4:23, Isa. 34:11).
Tohu wabohu (“formless and void”)
can just as easily describe an
unconstructed state.
Isaiah 45:18 says that God did not create the earth void (tohu) while Genesis 1:2 says that
the earth was now void. It is reasoned that the earth must have come to be in this manner after its
original creation.
Isaiah 45:18 simply tells us that God’s
intention for the earth in its completed form was that it would not
be tohu, but rather that it might be inhabited. The prophet is simply stating the purpose of
creation.
Support Objections
The darkness which characterized the formless and void
condition is indicative of evil.
Darkness does not always indicate evil.
Both light and darkness existed upon the finished earth and it was still said to be
good.
Support Objections
Theories of CreationTheories of Creation
• Supernatural versus Evolutionary.
• A Superficial Appearance of History.
• The Gap Theory.
• The Day/Age Theory.
The word “day” is sometimes used in the Scriptures to describe a period of time longer than a 24 hour period (“the day of the Lord”).
The word “day” does not normally refer to
an extended period of time when it appears with a modifier (1st day, 2nd day, etc).
Support Objections
2 Peter 3:8 states that with the Lord one day
is as a thousand years.
These days are clearly defined in Genesis 1:5
when God calls the light day and the darkness night.
The sun and the moon are not created until
the 4th day. This indicates that the
previous days are not literal.
The very purpose of the sun was to rule
over the day while the moon was to rule over
the night.
Support Objections
Theories of CreationTheories of Creation
• Supernatural versus Evolutionary.
• A Superficial Appearance of History.
• The Gap Theory.
• The Day/Age Theory.
• The Non-Sequential Theory / Framework Theory.
I personally take the view that Genesis 1 and 2 relate to each other the way Judges 4
and 5 and Exodus 14 and 15 do. In each couplet one chapter describes a historical
event and the other is a song or poem about the theological meaning of the event.
When reading Judges 4 it is obvious that it is When reading Judges 4 it is obvious that it is a sober recounting of what happened in the a sober recounting of what happened in the
battle, but when we read Judges 5, battle, but when we read Judges 5, Deborah’s Song about the battle, the Deborah’s Song about the battle, the
language is poetic and metaphorical. language is poetic and metaphorical.
When Deborah sings that the stars in the When Deborah sings that the stars in the heavens came down to fight for the heavens came down to fight for the
Israelites, we understand that she means Israelites, we understand that she means that metaphorically.that metaphorically.
I think Genesis 1 has the earmarks of poetry I think Genesis 1 has the earmarks of poetry and is therefore a “song” about the wonder and is therefore a “song” about the wonder and meaning of God’s creation. Genesis 2 and meaning of God’s creation. Genesis 2
is an account of how it happened is an account of how it happened ((The Reason for GodThe Reason for God, pg 93-94)., pg 93-94).
Theories of CreationTheories of Creation
• Supernatural versus Evolutionary.
• A Superficial Appearance of History.
• The Gap Theory.
• The Day/Age Theory.
• The Non-Sequential Theory / Framework Theory.
• The Literal Interpretation.
…general revelation in creation, as well as the
special revelation of Scripture, is also the
voice of God. We live in a “universe,” and all
truth speaks with one voice (2001:77).
Genesis 1:2Genesis 1:2And the earth was formless and
void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.
• Formless and Void.
• Darkness over the Surface of the Deep.
• The Spirit of God was moving over the Surface of the Waters.