Introduction

Digital Computer DesignInstructor: Kasım Sinan YILDIRIM

Course Objectives• Understand what’s under the hood of a computer• Learn the principles of digital design• Learn FPGA based design tools• Design and build a simple microprocessor

224 Digital Computer Design

Digital Logic

Deals with building blocks of digital systems

(Intel)

?

What are Logic Gates built from?

Digital building blocks

Transistor

Chip complexity

Submicron and nanoscale dimensions

(AMD X4 Proc: 758 million transistors; photo: Sc. Am, Jan. 2010)

World of the Small

5 layers of interconnections

Logic Level

Circuit Level

Chip level

Moore’s LawChip complexity doubles every two years

How to Design such complex systems?

Make AbstractionsDivide and Conquer

Reuse previous designs

• Hierarchy– A system divided into modules and submodules

• Modularity– Having well-defined functions and interfaces

• Regularity– Encouraging uniformity, so modules can be

easily reused

The Three -Y’s

Results(design productivity)

Effort(EDA tool effort)

Transistor entry

Schematic entry

Synthesis

What’s next?

Electronic Design Automation (EDA)

BusA Bus BAddress out

Data out MW

Data in

MUX B1 0

MUX D0 1

DATAPATH

RWDAAA

Constantin

BA

MB

FSVCNZ

Functionunit

A B

F

MDBus D

IR(2:0)

Data in Address

DatamemoryData out

DRegister

fileA B

Instructionmemory

Address

Instruction

Zero fill

DA

BA

AA

FS

MD

RW

MW

MB

Instruction decoder

JB

Extend

LP B

C

BranchControl

VCNZ

JBL

P BC

IR(8:6) || IR(2:0)

PC

CONTROL

JumpAddress

Simple Processor