Introduction and Perspectives. Personality – three definitions 1) Persona – mask 2) Outer...
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Transcript of Introduction and Perspectives. Personality – three definitions 1) Persona – mask 2) Outer...
Personality Disorders in Modern Life
Introductionand
Perspectives
Personality – three definitions
1) Persona – mask 2) Outer appearance 3) Inner characteristics
What is personality?
Personality: Characteristic ways of thinking, feeling and behaving
Personality Disorder: personality that is not necessarily disorganized, but a way of being that is maladaptive in a variety of ways
Defined
Cognition Interpersonal relationships Impulse control Affect
2/4 areas affected at minimum
Areas affected (2/4)
Personality and Psychiatry
Personology Psychiatry
Personality Disorders
Abnormal PsychologyPersonality Psychology
Inflexible traits Maladaptive behavior Long-standing Pervasive Difficult to treat Ego syntonic
Characteristics of PDs
1952
2000◦ Diagnostic Criteria
DSM
Polythetic, Monothetic Format
Personality Disorders 7, 8, or 9 criteria
DSM
schizoid, paranoid, schizotypal narcissistic, histrionic, borderline, antisocial avoidant, compulsive, dependent
self-defeating, sadistic (1987 – cut 1994)
depressive, negativistic (1994)
Types of Personality Disorders
Apathetic, remote solitary, indifferent Little need for attachment Not aware of feelings Few drives or ambitions
Schizoid
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Schizoid
withdrawn, emotional suppression, spouses complain of lack of intimacy
Develop anxiety, somatoform reactions, brief reactive psychosis
Check for alcohol abuse or PTSD
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Hesitant, self-conscious, embarrassed Fears rejection, anxious Inept, inferior, unappealing, lonely
AvoidantClick here
Avoidant Hypersensitive to evaluation
Profound feelings of inadequacy
Sensitive to signs of disapproval
Use fantasy as defense (if only…)
Risk for developing social phobia
Somber, pessimistic, fatalistic, brooding
Valueless, guilty, impotent
Worthy of criticism and contempt
Depressive
Depressive New scale, not a lot of validity
Gloomy, passive, quiet, pessimistic
Down, hard to please, defeatist
Difficulty expressing anger
High scores could be due to major depression or dysthymia
Helpless, incompetent, submissive Irresponsible, Weak, fragile
Dependent
What about Bob?
Submissive, acquiescent, concerns about being abandoned, fears of rejection, self-blame, insecure
Co-morbid with depression and anxiety
DependentClick here
Dramatic, seductive, shallow
Attention seeking, exhibitionistic
“attractive”, “charming”
Colourful
HistrionicVivian Leigh
A Street Car Named Desire
Center of attention
Shallow emotions
Might be a style…
More common with substance abusers
Histrionic
Vivian Leigh
Gone with the Wind
Egotistical, arrogant, entitled, grandiose
“Admirable”, “superior”
Narcissistic
Jack Nicholson
A Few Good Men
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Egocentricity, independence, grandiosity, feelings of superiority
Self-centered, entitled, constant praise
Bubble bursts… prone to depression, paranoia, substance abuse
Might be a style
Narcissistic
A Few Good Men
JackTom
Impulsive, irresponsible, deviant, unruly Non-reflective, self-serving Disrespectful, free, independent
AntisocialCape Fear
Robert DeNiro
Antisocial Motivated to avoid control and domination
Competitive, blunt, intimidating
Prone to legal, vocation and marital difficulties
Hostile, abrasive, cruel, dogmatic Explosive, intimidating, dominating opinionated and close-minded
SadisticVincent D'OnofrioLaw and Order
Top Dog persona Publicly “ok” – successful Private “monster” Type A personalities Not official PD, diagnosis – PD NOS
Sadistic
Warning Very violent
Restrained, conscientious, respectful
Rigid, conventional, regulated
“Reliable, efficient, productive”
Compulsive
Compulsive Organized, perfectionistic, impatient, good
morals, obedient behavior, suppression of emotions
Fears disapproval
Might be a style
Resentful, skeptical, discontented
Resisting, inefficient
Angry, moody, irritable, sullen
Negativistic
twisted, conflicted irritable, hostile, negativistic
complaining, disgruntled feel unappreciated, pout
disillusioned vacillate Not official, PD NOS
Negativistic
effacing, servile, blameful
defeatist, self-condemning
Masochistic
Self-sacrificing, deserve to suffer
Martyr-like, endures abuse
Look for victimization
Not a well-validated scale
Not official anymore – PD NOS
Self-defeating PD
Guarded, defensive, distrustful
“persecuted”
Paranoid
Hypervigilance Sensitive Rigid and argumentative Annoyance with others Grandiosity Edgy defensiveness Secretive
Paranoid PD
Eccentric, bizarre, absent
Peculiar, odd, disconnected
Schizotypal
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WarningFoul Language
Cognitive impairments
Self-absorbed in own thoughts
Ideas of reference
Detachment, social isolation
Self-conscious and anxious
Schizotypal PD
Borderline
Unpredictable, manipulative, unstable
Fears abandonment
Moody, contrary
Types of PDs
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WarningFoul Language
Theron
Unstable mood, anger, guilt, dependency seeking, Impulsive, self-damaging
Suicidal
Constantly seek approval
Prone to brief psychotic reactions
Poor sense of self and boundaries
Borderline PD
Rent or click on following Next slide to view this movie…
Do a Character Analysis of Annie.
What PD(s) does she have?
Misery
Part I Part II Part III
Part IV Part V Part VI
Part VII Part VIII Part IX
Part X Part XI
Misery (warning, violent)