Introduction

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Introduction Sustainable Development Practice in China

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Sustainable Development Practice in China. Introduction. Contents of this course. Introduction: China is making a miracle, challenges Concept of sustainable development and environmental ethics Environment and resource Air/Water/solid waste Management Energy and industry - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Introduction

Page 1: Introduction

Introduction

Sustainable Development Practice

in China

Page 2: Introduction

Contents of this course• Introduction: China is making a miracle, challenges• Concept of sustainable development and environmental

ethics• Environment and resource

– Air/Water/solid waste– Management

• Energy and industry• Climate change and response• Green accounting• Population and urbanization, ecocity development• The Xiaokang society

Page 3: Introduction

It is the great enthusiasm and power of people released after a long time of depression due to war and chaos, from a nation of glorious history and magnificent culture, but of a huge population, with the “Chinese model(?) ”, driving the development.

China is making a miracle

1995

2008

Page 4: Introduction

While population increased by nearly 38% and to level off, GDP has increased nearly 25 times.

400 million people have eradicated poverty, which is 12 years in advance on eradicating poverty for UN MDG

These achievements are obtained in a country of a huge population and by hard working and self reliance

Page 5: Introduction

For example in Shanghai, the tallest building was the Park Hotel, 24 stories on Nanjing Road (built in 1932) until late 1980s.

Such buildings are now numerous and much taller …

Page 6: Introduction

However, China is still a developing country:– Poverty– Uneven development: Gaps between rich and poor, urban and rural, east and west– Corruption– Environment/resource

Village in city

Selling to train passengers

“peasant workers”

Poor school

“Big eyes” has grown up

Page 7: Introduction

Is the current development sustainable?

• Photo taken in an art museum of Gothenburg, May 2011• Alert from an artist … there are many problems …

Page 8: Introduction

Population and urbanization

Page 9: Introduction

The peak would appear around 2030, e.g., 1.463 billion in 2032 (UN 2006), 1.404 billion in 2027(UN 2010), and 1.442 billion in 2029 (Chen 2006) etc. while the National Population Development Strategy Study of China predicted 1.5 billion in 2033.

The peak is to come around 2030

End of 2010: 1.34 billion

Page 10: Introduction

There are periods of different characteristics. China made mistakes, e.g., no serious population control in the 1950s~1960s, in “Great Leap Forward (1958)”, in “Cultural Revolution (1966~1976)” etc. And there were “Three difficult years (1959~1961)”, shortage in food and daily goods, coupons for almost everything, and …

1955-1st birth planning campaign

1962-2nd birth planning campaign

1971-Wan, Xi, Shao, birth control

1979-One child policy

Great efforts have been devoted to population control

The three difficult years

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Population issues

• Peak before 2030, about 1.4 billion• “Aging before wealthy”, rise of

dependency ratio, end of demographic dividend

• Sex ratio?• …

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Urbanization is speeding up

Urbanization in China

Page 16: Introduction

Urbanization in Shanghai

Urbanization

The actual urbanization is faster

Page 17: Introduction

“Peasant workers”: the change in “Spring Home Coming”

Page 18: Introduction

Urbanization issues

• Carrying capacity of megacities?• Development of rural regions?• Development of western regions?• “Vertical city”?• Urban sicknesses …


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