INTRODUCTION

1
INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES CONSUMER ENERGY USE Wind vs. Water Power Production RESULTS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Mentor: Dr. Karman Ghia Joe Tscherne & Jarred Wilhite Analysis of Hydrokinetic Turbines MOTIVATION • Investigation into low-cost renewable energy is a global effort right now • Kinetic energy from currents in the oceans and rivers is very high • Supply of this energy is virtually limitless • Proper placement of turbines in areas of predictable, rapid tidal flow produces significant power generation • Have potential for minimizing both visual and noise "pollution” Horizontal • Needs alignment with wind, uses yaw system • High elevation = greater wind speed Vertical • Always aligned with the wind • Can’t start on its own, needs “boost” • Design makes it lower to ground • Slower wind, Easy for maintenance TYPES OF TURBINES AIR POWERED WATER POWERED Blade Length (m) 30 5 Velocity 12 m/s (~25 mph) 8 knots (4.12 m/s) Density (kg/m 3 ) 1.225 1027 Swept Area (m 2 ) 2827 78.5 Power Produced 1.2 mW 1.12 mW Turbine Power Equation: Power = .5*ρ*A*v 3 *C p ρ = Density (Air – 1.225 ; Water – 1027 ) A = π*r 2 = Swept Area (m 2 ) v = Velocity (m/s) C p = Power Coefficient • Hydrokinetic turbines will aid in production of the energy supplied by natural currents in our oceans, and can provide much greater electrical production due to the increased density of water, compared to air • In a farm type arrangement, it can provide a quality energy source for smaller towns and cities • This is similar to the way wind turbine farms are viewed now in the energy grid. • Hydrokinetic turbines show great promise to be part of the move towards cleaner, sustainable, green energy for the future • Though this form will not be completely relied upon for energy production in the near future, they will help curb the burning of fossil fuels and contribute to the small portion to the larger effort 1 Li, Z. “Advanced Computational Modeling for Marine Tidal Turbines.” University of CIncinnati. 2012. 2 “Hydrokinetic Energy and Its Uses.” Tribal Energy and Environmental Information Clearinghouse. 3 Mar. 2013. http://teeic.anl.gov/er/hydrokinetic/restech/uses/index.cfm 3 “Pros and Cons of Tidal Energy Use, Hydro Energy from the Moon.” Energy Consumers Edge. Aug. 2007. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. http:// www.energy-consumers-edge.com/tidal_energy_use.html • Typical energy use of American household ranges from 17kWh/day (Maine) to 43kWh/day (Tennessee) • Average of 30kWh/day for the average household • Previously studied wind turbine provides 1.2mW, enough to power about 40 homes, or if put in a farm formation (x50) could theoretically provide 2000 homes with power (all turbines operating at max capacity) • Previously studied water powered turbine produced 1.12mW, with 5m blades, compared to the 1.2mW wind turbine • If blades doubled, from 5 to 10m, this energy output jumps to 4.5mW. • This is enough to power 7500 homes in a farm configuration (x50), again theoretically with all turbines operating at maximum output. • To increase our knowledge and understanding of the engineering technology related to turbines. • To educate ourselves on the current practices and future of hydrokinetic turbines currently being used in different parts of the world. • To Instill the importance of this technology upon others • To promote future research into the field of hydrokinetic turbines. • To familiarize ourselves with aerodynamic concepts that are involved with the operation of hydrokinetic turbines. • Turbine - rotary mechanical device which takes energy from fluid flow and converts it into electricity or other useful power. • Wind turbine is powered by air and uses the wind to rotate. It converts the kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy. • Hydrokinetic turbine uses natural currents in the ocean and rivers in order to rotate, and extracts kinetic energy from the currents and converts it into electricity. • A hydrokinetic turbine is also known as a current turbine, wave turbine, and tidal turbine. OPERATIONAL FACILITIES Station Capacity (MW ) Turbines Country Location Year Commissioned JiangxiaTidal PowerStation* 3.2 1 x500M W 1 x600M W 3 x700M W China EastChinaSea 1980 La Rance Tidal PowerStation◦ 240 24 x10M W France Rance River Brittany, France 1966 SihwaLake Tidal PowerStation 254 10 x 25.4MW South Korea Sihw aLake, Gyeonnggi Province 2011 Strangford Lough SeaGen 1.2 1 x1.2M W United Kingdom Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland 2008 TURBINE FARM ARRANGEMENT • Turbine Farm – group of turbines in the same location used to produce electric power. • Configuration can be viewed as a small segment of large arced layout, with each turbine rotors spinning at 1.5 rad/s • The arced layout will create a situation in which two of the three turbines can take energy from an overall faster stream than the inflow • Layout prohibits any turbine from working under the low- momentum and turbulent wakes, which come from the turbines in the preceding rows in the turbine farm Turbine Arrangement in Slanted Line Configuration 1

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TURBINE FARM ARRANGEMENT. MOTIVATION. INTRODUCTION. OBJECTIVES. CONSUMER ENERGY USE. Wind vs. Water Power Production. RESULTS. CONCLUSIONS. REFERENCES. Mentor: Dr. Karman Ghia. Joe Tscherne & Jarred Wilhite. Analysis of Hydrokinetic Turbines. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of INTRODUCTION

Page 1: INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES

CONSUMER ENERGY USE

Wind vs. Water Power Production

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Mentor: Dr. Karman Ghia

Joe Tscherne & Jarred Wilhite

Analysis of Hydrokinetic Turbines

MOTIVATION• Investigation into low-cost renewable energy is a global effort right now• Kinetic energy from currents in the oceans and rivers is very high• Supply of this energy is virtually limitless• Proper placement of turbines in areas of predictable, rapid tidal flow produces

significant power generation• Have potential for minimizing both visual and noise "pollution”

Horizontal

• Needs alignment with wind, uses yaw system

• High elevation = greater wind speed

Vertical

• Always aligned with the wind• Can’t start on its own, needs “boost”• Design makes it lower to ground• Slower wind, Easy for maintenance

TYPES OF TURBINES

AIR POWERED WATER POWERED

Blade Length (m) 30 5

Velocity 12 m/s (~25 mph) 8 knots (4.12 m/s)

Density (kg/m3) 1.225 1027

Swept Area (m2) 2827 78.5

Power Produced 1.2 mW 1.12 mW

Turbine Power Equation:

Power = .5*ρ*A*v3*Cp

ρ = Density (Air – 1.225 ; Water – 1027 )

A = π*r2 = Swept Area (m2)

v = Velocity (m/s)

Cp = Power Coefficient

• Hydrokinetic turbines will aid in production of the energy supplied by natural currents in our oceans, and can provide much greater electrical production due to the increased density of water, compared to air

• In a farm type arrangement, it can provide a quality energy source for smaller towns and cities

• This is similar to the way wind turbine farms are viewed now in the energy grid.• Hydrokinetic turbines show great promise to be part of the move towards

cleaner, sustainable, green energy for the future• Though this form will not be completely relied upon for energy production in the

near future, they will help curb the burning of fossil fuels and contribute to the small portion to the larger effort

1Li, Z. “Advanced Computational Modeling for Marine Tidal Turbines.” University of CIncinnati. 2012. 2“Hydrokinetic Energy and Its Uses.” Tribal Energy and Environmental Information Clearinghouse. 3 Mar. 2013. http://teeic.anl.gov/er/hydrokinetic/restech/uses/index.cfm 3“Pros and Cons of Tidal Energy Use, Hydro Energy from the Moon.” Energy Consumers Edge. Aug. 2007. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. http://www.energy-consumers-edge.com/tidal_energy_use.html

• Typical energy use of American household ranges from 17kWh/day (Maine) to 43kWh/day (Tennessee)

• Average of 30kWh/day for the average household• Previously studied wind turbine provides 1.2mW, enough to power about

40 homes, or if put in a farm formation (x50) could theoretically provide 2000 homes with power (all turbines operating at max capacity)

• Previously studied water powered turbine produced 1.12mW, with 5m blades, compared to the 1.2mW wind turbine

• If blades doubled, from 5 to 10m, this energy output jumps to 4.5mW. • This is enough to power 7500 homes in a farm configuration (x50), again

theoretically with all turbines operating at maximum output.

• To increase our knowledge and understanding of the engineering technology related to turbines.

• To educate ourselves on the current practices and future of hydrokinetic turbines currently being used in different parts of the world.

• To Instill the importance of this technology upon others• To promote future research into the field of hydrokinetic turbines.• To familiarize ourselves with aerodynamic concepts that are involved with the

operation of hydrokinetic turbines.

• Turbine - rotary mechanical device which takes energy from fluid flow and converts it into electricity or other useful power.

• Wind turbine is powered by air and uses the wind to rotate. It converts the kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy.

• Hydrokinetic turbine uses natural currents in the ocean and rivers in order to rotate, and extracts kinetic energy from the currents and converts it into electricity.

• A hydrokinetic turbine is also known as a current turbine, wave turbine, and tidal turbine.

OPERATIONAL FACILITIES

Station Capacity (MW)

Turbines Country Location Year Commissioned

Jiangxia Tidal Power Station*

3.2 1 x 500MW 1 x 600MW 3 x 700MW

China East China Sea 1980

La Rance Tidal Power Station◦

240 24 x 10MW France Rance River Brittany, France

1966

Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station

254 10 x 25.4MW

South Korea Sihwa Lake, Gyeonnggi Province

2011

Strangford Lough SeaGen

1.2 1 x 1.2MW United Kingdom

Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland

2008

TURBINE FARM ARRANGEMENT

• Turbine Farm – group of turbines in the same location used to produce electric power.

• Configuration can be viewed as a small segment of large arced layout, with each turbine rotors spinning at 1.5 rad/s

• The arced layout will create a situation in which two of the three turbines can take energy from an overall faster stream than the inflow

• Layout prohibits any turbine from working under the low-momentum and turbulent wakes, which come from the turbines in the preceding rows in the turbine farm

Turbine Arrangement in Slanted Line Configuration 1

http://teeic.anl.gov/er/hydrokinetic/restech/uses/index.cfm
http://www.energy-consumers-edge.com/tidal_energy_use.html
http://www.energy-consumers-edge.com/tidal_energy_use.html
http://www.facebook.com/pages/PosterPresentationscom/217914411419?v=app_4949752878&ref=ts
http://www.facebook.com/pages/PosterPresentationscom/217914411419?v=app_4949752878&ref=ts

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